ASTM A949/A949M-01(2005)
(Specification)Standard Specification for Spray-Formed Seamless Ferritic/Austenitic Stainless Steel Pipe
Standard Specification for Spray-Formed Seamless Ferritic/Austenitic Stainless Steel Pipe
ABSTRACT
This specification covers spray-formed seamless ferritic/austenitic stainless steel pipe intended for general corrosive service, with particular emphasis on resistance to stress corrosion cracking. These steels are susceptible to embrittlement if used for prolonged periods at elevated temperatures. The steel shall be made by the electric-furnace process and the pipe shall be made by the spray forming process using the melt from the primary melting. The as spray formed tubes shall be machined on both the inner and outer surfaces. All pipes shall be furnished in the heat-treated and descaled conditions. These pipes shall be free of contaminating iron particles. The specimens shall undergo transverse or longitudinal tension test, flattening test and hydrostatic test.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers spray-formed seamless ferritic/austenitic stainless steel pipe intended for general corrosive service, with particular emphasis on resistance to stress corrosion cracking. These steels are susceptible to embrittlement if used for prolonged periods at elevated temperatures.
1.2 Optional supplementary requirements are provided for pipe where a greater degree of testing is desired. These supplementary requirements call for additional tests to be made and when desired, one or more of these may be specified in the order.
1.3 Appendix X1 of this specification lists the dimensions of seamless stainless steel pipe as shown in ANSI B 36.19. Pipe having other dimensions may be furnished provided such pipe complies with all other requirements of this specification.
1.4 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the specification. The inch-pound units shall apply unless the "M" designation of this specification is specified in the order.
Note 1--The dimensionless designator NPS (nominal pipe size) has been substituted in this standard for such traditional terms as "nominal diameter," "size," and "nominal size."
General Information
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Standards Content (Sample)
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
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Designation: A949/A949M – 01 (Reapproved 2005)
Standard Specification for
Spray-Formed Seamless Ferritic/Austenitic Stainless Steel
Pipe
This standard is issued under the fixed designationA949/A949M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope A999/A999M Specification for General Requirements for
Alloy and Stainless Steel Pipe
1.1 Thisspecificationcoversspray-formedseamlessferritic/
E381 Method of Macroetch Testing Steel Bars, Billets,
austenitic stainless steel pipe intended for general corrosive
Blooms, and Forgings
service, with particular emphasis on resistance to stress corro-
E527 Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys in the
sion cracking. These steels are susceptible to embrittlement if
Unified Numbering System (UNS)
used for prolonged periods at elevated temperatures.
2.2 ANSI/ASME Standards:
1.2 Optional supplementary requirements are provided for
B 1.20.1 Pipe Threads, General Purpose
pipe where a greater degree of testing is desired. These
B 36.10M-1995 Welded and Seamless Wrought Steel Pipe
supplementaryrequirementscallforadditionalteststobemade
B 36.19 Stainless Steel Pipe
and when desired, one or more of these may be specified in the
2.3 Other Standard:
order.
SAE J1086 Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys
1.3 AppendixX1ofthisspecificationliststhedimensionsof
(UNS)
seamless stainless steel pipe as shown in ANSI B 36.19. Pipe
having other dimensions may be furnished provided such pipe
3. Terminology
complies with all other requirements of this specification.
3.1 Definitions:
1.4 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units
3.1.1 Fordefinitionsoftermsusedinthisspecification,refer
are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the
to Terminology A941.
SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must
3.2.1 spray-formed—denotes the fabrication of different
be used independently of the other. Combining values from the
shapes of a metallic material by deposition of a spray,
two systems may result in nonconformance with the specifi-
consisting of droplets, solid particles, and particles that are
cation. The inch-pound units shall apply unless the “M”
partially solid, onto a moving substrate.
designation of this specification is specified in the order.
3.2.1.1 Discussion—The spray is produced by gas atomiza-
NOTE 1—The dimensionless designator NPS (nominal pipe size) has
tion of the liquid metal or alloy. On impingement with the
been substituted in this standard for such traditional terms as “nominal
substrate, the species of the spray consolidate and solidify
diameter,” “size,” and “nominal size.”
completely to produce a product that is essentially free of
porosity. The metallurgical characteristics of the spray-formed
2. Referenced Documents
productarecontrolledprimarilybythethermalconditionofthe
2.1 ASTM Standards:
spray, and that of the surface of the metallic deposit formed on
A450/A450M Specification for General Requirements for
the substrate.
Carbon and Low Alloy Steel Tubes
A941 Terminology Relating to Steel, Stainless Steel, Re-
4. Ordering Information
lated Alloys, and Ferroalloys
4.1 Orders for material under this specification should
include the following, as required, to describe the desired
material adequately:
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel,
4.1.1 Quantity (feet, metres, or number of lengths),
Stainless Steel, and RelatedAlloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
4.1.2 Name of material (ferritic/austenitic steel pipe),
A01.10 on Stainless and Alloy Steel Tubular Products.
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2005. Published October 2005. Originally
approved in 1995. Last previous edition approved in 2001 as A949/A949M – 01.
DOI: 10.1520/A0949_A0949M-01R05.
2 3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or Available fromAmerican National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036.
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available from Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE), 400 Commonwealth
the ASTM website. Dr., Warrendale, PA 15096-0001.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
A949/A949M – 01 (2005)
4.1.3 Grade (Table 1), shall consist of the following number of lengths of the same
4.1.4 Size (NPS designator or outside diameter and sched- size and wall thickness from any one heat of stainless steel:
ule number of average wall thickness, or other),
NPS Designator Lengths of Pipe in Lot
4.1.5 Length (specific or random) (Section 10),
Under 2 400 or fraction thereof
4.1.6 End finish (section on Ends of Specification A999/
2 to 5, incl 200 or fraction thereof
A999M),
6 and over 100 or fraction thereof
4.1.7 Optional requirements (Section 9), Supplementary
8.2 The results of these analyses shall be reported to the
Requirements S1 to S4,
purchaser or the purchaser’s representative, and shall conform
4.1.8 Test report required (section on Certification of Speci-
to the requirements specified in Section 5.
fication A999/A999M),
8.3 If the analysis of one of the tests specified in 8.1 does
4.1.9 Specification designation, and
not conform to the requirements specified in Section 5,an
4.1.10 Special requirements or exceptions to the specifica-
analysis of each pipe from the same heat or lot may be made,
tion.
and all pipes conforming to the requirements shall be accepted.
5. General Requirements
9. Tensile and Hardness Properties
5.1 Material furnished under this specification shall con-
9.1 The material shall conform to the tensile and hardness
form to the applicable requirements of the current edition of
properties prescribed in Table 3.
Specification A999/A999M unless otherwise provided herein.
10. Lengths
6. Materials and Manufacture
10.1 Pipe lengths shall be in accordance with the following
6.1 Melting—The steel shall be made by the electric-
regular practice:
furnace process or other primary processes approved by the
10.1.1 Unless otherwise agreed upon, all sizes from NPS ⁄8
purchaser.
to and including NPS 8 are available in a length up to 24 ft
6.2 Pipe Manufacture:
(Note 2) with the permissible range of 15 to 24 ft (Note 2).
6.2.1 The pipe shall be made by the spray forming process
Short lengths are acceptable and the number and minimum
using the melt from the primary melting as noted in 7.1.
length shall be agreed upon between the manufacturer and the
6.2.2 The pipe shall be made by spraying the melt on to a
purchaser.
thin-walled collector tube. The as spray formed tube shall be
machined on both the inner and outer surfaces. The remaining
NOTE 2—This value applies when the inch-pound designation of this
metalshallbehomogeneous,sound,andmeettherequirements
specification is the basis of purchase. When the “M” designation of this
of Section 11. specification is the basis of purchase, the corresponding metric value(s)
shall be agreed upon between the manufacturer and the purchaser.
6.2.3 Unless specified by the purchaser, pipe may be fur-
nished as spray formed or as spray-formed and cold-finished.
10.1.2 If definite cut lengths are desired, the lengths re-
6.2.4 All pipe shall be furnished in the heat-treated condi-
quired shall be specified in the order. No pipe shall be less than
tion as shown in Table 1.
the specified length and no more than ⁄4 in. [6 mm] over it.
6.2.5 All pipe shall be furnished in the descaled condition
11. Workmanship, Finish, andAppearance
and be free of contaminating iron particles. Pickling, blasting
or surface finishing is not mandatory when pipe is bright
11.1 The finished pipes shall be reasonably straight and
annealed. The purchaser may request that a passivating treat-
shall have a workmanlike finish. Imperfections may be re-
ment be applied.
moved by grinding, provided the wall thicknesses are not
decreased to less than that permitted, in the Permissible
7. Chemical Composition
Variations in Wall Thickness Section of Specification A999/
7.1 The steel shall conform to the chemical requirements as
A999M.
prescribed in Table 2.
12. Mechanical Tests Required
8. ProductAnalysis
12.1 Transverse or Longitudinal Tension Test—One tension
8.1 At the request of the purchaser, an analysis of two pipes
test shall be made on a specimen for lots of not more than 100
from each lot shall be made by the manufacturer.Alot of pipe
pipes.Tensiontestsshallbemadeonspecimensfromtwopipes
for lots of more than 100 pipes.
TABLE 1 Heat Treatment
UNS
NOTE 3—The term “lot,” for mechanical tests, applies to all pipe of the
Designation Temperature Quench
same nominal size and wall thickness (or schedule) that is produced from
the same heat of steel and subjected to the same finishing treatment: (1)in
S31803 1870–2010°F [1020–1100°C] rapid cooling in air or water
S31500 1800–1900°F [980–1040°C] rapid cooling in air or water
a continuous heat-treatment furnace, or (2) in a batch-type heat-treatment
S31200 1920–2010°F [1050–1100°C] rapid cooling in water
furnace, equipped with recording pyrometers and automatically controlled
S32550 1900°F [1040°C] min rapid cooling in air or water
withina50°F[30°C]range,thelargerof:(a)each200ft[60m]orfraction
S31260 18
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