ASTM B160-99

Standard Specification for Nickel Rod and Bar

SCOPE
1.1 This specification  covers nickel (UNS N02200)* and low carbon nickel (UNS N02201)* in the form of hot-worked and cold-worked rod and bar in the conditions shown in Table 2.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 09-May-1999
• ICS: 77.150.40 - Nickel and chromium products
• Technical Committee: B02 - Nonferrous Metals and Alloys
• Drafting Committee: B02.07 - Refined Nickel and Cobalt and Their Alloys

Relations

• Replaced By: ASTM B160-05 - Standard Specification for Nickel Rod and Bar
• Effective Date: 01-May-2005
• Referred By: ASTM F85-76(2018) - Standard Practice for Nomenclature for Wire Leads Used as Conductors in Electron Tubes (Withdrawn 2023)
• Effective Date: 10-May-1999
• Referred By: ASTM B366/B366M-23 - Standard Specification for Factory-Made Wrought Nickel and Nickel Alloy Fittings
• Effective Date: 10-May-1999
• Referred By: ASTM B162-99(2019) - Standard Specification for Nickel Plate, Sheet, and Strip
• Effective Date: 10-May-1999
• Referred By: ASTM G134-17(2023) - Standard Test Method for Erosion of Solid Materials by Cavitating Liquid Jet
• Effective Date: 10-May-1999
• Referred By: ASTM G32-16(2021)e1 - Standard Test Method for Cavitation Erosion Using Vibratory Apparatus
• Effective Date: 10-May-1999

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: B 160 – 99
Standard Specification for
Nickel Rod and Bar
This standard is issued under the fixed designation B 160; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
requirements of Specification B 160 are met.
1. Scope
1.1 This specification covers nickel (UNS N02200)* and 3.1.2 rod—material of round solid section furnished in
straight lengths.
low carbon nickel (UNS N02201)* in the form of hot-worked
and cold-worked rod and bar in the conditions shown in Table
4. Ordering Information
1.
4.1 It is the responsibility of the purchaser to specify all
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
requirements that are necessary for the safe and satisfactory
as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for
performance of material ordered under this specification.
information only.
Examples of such requirements include, but are not limited to,
2. Referenced Documents
the following:
2.1 ASTM Standards: 4.1.1 ASTM designation and year of issue.
4.1.2 UNS number.
B 162 Specification for Nickel Plate, Sheet, and Strip
B 880 General Requirements for Chemical Check Analysis 4.1.3 Section—Rod (round) or bar (square, hexagonal, or
rectangular).
of Nickel, Nickel Alloys, and Cobalt Alloys
E 8 Test Methods forTensionTesting of Metallic Materials 4.1.4 Dimensions—Dimensions including length.
4.1.5 Condition.
E 18 Test Methods for Rockwell Hardness and Rockwell
Superficial Hardness of Metallic Materials 4.1.6 Finish.
4.1.7 Quantity—feet or number of pieces.
E 29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to
Determine Conformance with Specifications 4.1.8 Certification— State if certification or a report of test
results is required (Section 15).
E 39 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Nickel
E 140 Hardness Conversion Tables for Metals 4.1.9 Samples for Product (Check) Analysis—State whether
samples for product (check) analysis should be furnished.
3. Terminology
4.1.10 Purchaser Inspection—If purchaser wishes to wit-
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard: ness tests or inspection of material at place of manufacture, the
3.1.1 bar—material of rectangular (flats), hexagonal, or purchase order must so state indicating which test or inspec-
square solid section up to and including 10 in. (254 mm) in tions are to be witnessed.
width and ⁄8 in. (3.2 mm) and over in thickness in straight
5. Chemical Composition
lengths.
5.1 The material shall conform to the composition limits
NOTE 1—Hot-worked rectangular bar in widths 10 in. (254 mm) and
specified in Table 2.
under may be furnished as hot-rolled plate with sheared or cut edges in
5.2 If a product (check) analysis is performed by the
accordance with Specification B 162, provided the mechanical property
purchaser, the material shall be done perASTM B 880 and the
material shall conform to the product (check) analysis varia-
tions defined in Table 1 of ASTM B 880.
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B-2 on
Nonferrous Metals and Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
6. Mechanical and Other Requirements
B02.07 on Refined Nickel and Cobalt and Their Alloys.
Current edition approved May 10, 1999. Published June 1999. Originally
6.1 Mechanical Properties—The material shall conform to
published as B 160 – 41 T. Last previous edition B 160 – 93.
the mechanical properties specified in Table 1.
For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications see related Specifi-
cation SB-160 in Section II of that Code.
7. Dimensions and Permissible Variations
* New designations established in accordance withASTM E527 and SAE J1086,
Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys (UNS).
7.1 Diameter, Thickness, or Width—The permissible varia-
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 02.04.
4 tions from the specified dimensions as measured on the
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 03.01.
diameter or between parallel surfaces of cold-worked rod and
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.02.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 03.05.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
B 160
TABLE 1 Mechanical Properties
Condition and Diameter or Distance Tensile Strength, min, Yield Strength (0.2 % offset), Elongation in 2 in. or 50
A
Between Parallel Surfaces, in. (mm) psi (MPa) min. psi (MPa) mm or 4D,min %
Nickel (UNS N02200)
Cold-worked (as worked):
B
Rounds, 1 (25.4) and under 80 000 (550) 60 000 (415) 10
Rounds over 1 to 4 (25.4 to 101.6) incl. 75 000 (515) 50 000 (345) 15
B
Squares, hexagons, and rectangles, all sizes 65 000 (450) 40 000 (275) 25
Hot-worked:
C
All sections, all sizes 60 000 (415) 15 000 (105) 35
D
Rings and disks —— —
Annealed:
B
Rods and bars, all sizes 55 000 (380) 15 000 (105) 40
E
Rings and disks —— —
Forging quality
FF F
All sizes
Low-Carbon Nickel (UNS N02201)
Hot-worked:
C
All sections, all sizes 50 000 (345) 10 000 (70) 40
Annealed:
B
All products, all sizes 50 000 (345) 10 000 (70) 40
A
See 12.2.
B
Not applicable to diameters or cross sections under ⁄32 in. (2.4 mm).
C
For hot-worked flats ⁄16 in. (7.9 mm) and under in thickness the elongation shall be 25%, min.
D
Hardness B45 to B80, or equivalent.
E
Hardness B45 to B70 or equivalent.
F
Forging quality is furnished to chemical requirements and surface inspection only. No tensile properties are required.
TABLE 2 Chemical Requirements TABLE 3 Permissible Variations in Diameter or Distance
Between Parallel Surfaces of Cold-Worked Rod and Bar
Composition Limits, %
Permissible Variations from
Low-Carbon
Element
Nickel (UNS A
Specified Dimension, in. (mm)
Specified Dimension, in. (mm)
Nickel (UNS
N02200)
N02201)
+−
A
Nickel, min 99.0 99.0
Rounds:
1 3
Copper, max 0.25 0.25
⁄16 (1.6) to ⁄16 (4.8), excl 0 0.002 (0.05)
3 1
Iron, max 0.40 0.40
⁄16 (4.8) to ⁄2 (12.7), excl 0 0.003 (0.08)
Manganese, max 0.35 0.35 1 15
⁄2 (12.7) to ⁄16 (23.8), incl 0.001 (0.03) 0.002 (0.05)
15 15
Carbon, max 0.15 —
Over ⁄16 (23.8) to 1 ⁄16 (49.2), incl 0.0015 (0.04) 0.003 (0.08)
15 1
Carbon, max — 0.02
Over 1 ⁄16 (49.2) to 2 ⁄2 (63.5), incl 0.002 (0.05) 0.004 (0.10)
Silicon, max 0.35 0.35
Over 2 ⁄2 (63.5) to 3 (76.2), incl 0.0025 (0.06) 0.005 (0.13)
Sulfur, max 0.01 0.01
Over 3 (76.2) to 3 (88.9), incl 0.003 (0.08) 0.006 (0.15)
Over 3 ⁄2 (88.9) to 4 (101.6), incl 0.0035 (0.09) 0.007 (0.18)
A
Element shall be determined arithmetically by difference.
Hexagons, squares, rectangles:
⁄2 (12.7) and less 0 0.004 (0.10)
barshallbeasprescribedinTable3,andofhot-workedrodand
1 7
Over ⁄2 (12.7) to ⁄8 (22.2), incl 0 0.005 (0.13)
7 1
bar as prescribed in Table 4. Over ⁄8 (22.2) to 1 ⁄4 (31.8), incl 0 0.007 (0.18)
1 1
Over 1 ⁄4 (31.8) to 2 ⁄4 (57.2), incl 0 0.009 (0.23)
7.2 Out-of-Round— Hot-worked rods and cold-worked rods
Over 2 ⁄4 (57.2) to 3 (76.2), incl 0 0.011 (0.28)
(except “forging quality”), all sizes, in straight lengths, shall
Over 3 (76.2) to 3 ⁄2 (88.9), incl 0 0.015 (0.38)
not be out-of-round by more than one half the total permissible Over 3 ⁄2 (88.9) to 4 (101.6), incl 0 0.017 (0.43)
A
variations in diameter shown in Tables 3 and 4, except for
Dimensions apply to diameter of rounds, to distance between parallel surfaces
of hexagons and squares, and separately to width and thickness of rectangles.
hot-worked rods ⁄2 in. (12.7 mm) in diameter and under, which
may be out-of-round by the total permissible variations in
diameter shown in Table 4.
7.3 Corners—Cold-worked bars will have practically exact 7.6 Straightness:
angles and sharp corners. 7.6.1 The permissible variations in straightness of cold-
7.4 Machining Allowances for Hot-Worked Materials— worked rod and bar as determined by the departure from
When the surfaces of hot-worked products are to be machined, straightness shall be as prescribed in Table 7.
the allowances prescribed in Table 5 are recommended for 7.6.2 The permissible variations in straightness of precision
normal machining operations. straightened cold-worked rod as determined by the departure
7.5 Length—The permissible variations in length of cold- from straightness shall be as prescribed in Table 8.
worked and hot-worked rod and bar shall be as prescribed in 7.6.2.1 In determining straightness in the standard 42-in.
Table 6. (1.07-m) distance between supports or, when specified, in
7.5.1 Rods and bars ordered to random or nominal lengths determining straightness in lengths not in excess of those
will be furnished with either cropped or saw-cut ends; material shown in Table 8, the rod shall be placed on a precision table
ordered to cut lengths will be furnished with square saw-cut or equipped with ballbearing rollers and a micrometer or dial
machined ends. indicator. The rod shall then be rotated slowly against the
B 160
TABLE 4 Permissible Variations in Diameter or Distance
11. Specimen Preparation
Between Parallel Surfaces of Hot-Worked Rod and Bar
11.1 Tension test specimens shall be taken from material in
Permissible Variations from
the final condition and tested in the direction of fabrication.
A
Specified Dimensions, in. (mm)
Specified Dimension, in. (mm)
11.1.1 All rod and bar shall be tested in full cross-section
+−
size when possible. When a full cross-section size test cannot
Rod and bar, hot-worked:
be performed, the largest possible round specimen shown in
1 (25.4) and under 0.016 (0.41) 0.016 (0.41)
Test Methods E 8 shall be used. Longitudinal strip specimens
Over 1 (25.4) to 2 (50.8), incl 0.031 (0.79) 0.016 (0.41)
Over 2 (50.8) to 4 (101.6), incl 0.047 (1.19) 0.031 (0.79)
shall be prepared in accordance with Test Methods E 8 for
Over 4 (101.6) 0.125 (3.18) 0.063 (1.60)
rectangular bar up to ⁄2 in. (12.7 mm), inclusive, in thicknesses
Rod, rough-turned or rough-ground:
Under 1 (25.4) 0.005 (0.13) 0.005 (0.13) that are too wide to be pulled full size.
1 (25.4) and over 0.031 (0.79) 0
11.2 Hardnesstestspecimensshallbetakenfrommaterialin
B
Forging quality rod:
the final condition.
Under 1 (25.4) 0.005 (0.13) 0.005 (0.13)
1 (25.4) and over 0.031 (0.79) 0 11.3 In order that the hardness determinations may be in
A
reasonable close agreement, the following procedure is sug-
Dimensions apply to diameter of rods, to distance between parallel surfaces of
hexagons and squares, and separately to width and thickness of rectangles.
gested:
B
Spot grinding is permitted to remove minor surface imperfections. The depth of
11.3.1 For rod, under ⁄2 in. (12.7 mm) in diameter, hardness
these spot ground areas shall not exceed 3 % of the diameter of the rod.
readings shall be taken on a flat surface prepared by filing or
grinding approximately ⁄16 in. (1.6 mm) from the outside
surface of the rod.
indicator, and the deviation from straightness in any portion of
11.3.2 For rod, ⁄2 in. (12.7 mm) in diameter and larger, and
the rod between the supports shall not exceed the permissible
variations prescribed in Table 8. The deviation from straight- for hexagonal, square, and rectangular bar, all sizes, hardness
readings shall be taken on a cross section midway between the
ness (throw in one revolution) is defined as the difference
between the maximum and minimum readings of the dial surface and center of the section.
indicator in one complete revolution of the rod.
7.6.3 The permissible variations in straightness of hot- 12. Test Methods
worked rod and bar as determined by the departure from
12.1 The chemical composition, mechanical, and other
straightness shall be as specified in Table 9.
properties of the material as enumerated in this specification
shall be determined, in case of disagreement, in accordance
8. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance
with the following methods:
8.1 The material shall be uniform in quality and condition,
Test ASTM Designation
Chemical Analysis E 39
smooth, commercially straight or flat, and free of injurious
Tension E 8
imperfections.
Rockwell Hardness E 18
Hardness Conversion E 140
9. Sampling Rounding Procedure E 29
9.1 Lot—Definition:
12.2 For purposes of determining compliance with the
9.2 A lot for chemical analysis shall consist of one heat.
specified limits for requirements of the properties listed in the
9.2.1 Alot for mechanical properties testing shall consist of
following table, an observed value or a calculated value shall
all material from the same heat, nominal diameter of thickness,
be rounded as indicated below, in accordance with the round-
and condition.
ing method of Practice E 29:
9.2.1.1 Where material cannot be identified by heat, a lot
Test Rounded Unit for Observed
shall consist of not more than 500 lb (227 kg) of material in the Or Calculated Value
Chemical composition, hardness, and Nearest unit in the last right-hand place
same size and condition.
tolerances (when expressed in deci of figures of the specified limit. If two
9.3 Test Material Selection:
mals) choices are possible, as when the
digits dropped are exactly a 5, or a 5
followed only by zeros, choose the one
9.3.1 Chemical Analysis—Representative samples from
ending in an even digit, with zero
each lot shall be taken during pouring or subsequent process-
defined as an even digit.
Tensile strength and yield strength Nearest 1000 psi (6.9 MPa)
ing.
Elongation Nearest 1 %
9.3.1.1 Product (check) analysis shall be wholly the respon-
sibility of the purchaser.
13. Inspection
9.3.2 Mechanical Properties—Samples of the material to
13.1 Inspectionofthematerialshallbemadeasagreedupon
provide test specimens for mechanical properties shall be taken
between the manufacturer and the purchaser as part of the
from such locations in each lot as to be representative of that
purchase contract.
lot.
14. Rejection and Rehearing
10. Number of Tests
10.1 Chemical Analysis—One test per lot. 14.1 Material that fails to conform to the requirements of
10.2 Tension—One test per lot. thisspecificationmayberejected.Rejectionshouldbereported
10.3 Hardness—One test per lot. to the producer or supplier promptly and in writing. In case of
B 160
TABLE 5 Normal Machining Allowances for Hot-worked Material
Normal Machining Allowance, in. (mm)
Distance Between
Finished-Machined Dimensions for Finishes as
For Rectangular Bar
A On Diameter, Parallel Surface, for
Indicated Below, in. (mm)
for Rods Hexagonal and
On Thickness On Width
Square Bar
B
Hot-worked:
7 1 1 1 3
Up to ⁄8 (22.2), incl ⁄8 (3.2) ⁄8 (3.2) ⁄8 (3.2) ⁄16 (4.8)
7 7 1 3 1 3
Over ⁄8 to 1 ⁄8 (22.2 to 47.6), incl ⁄8 (3.2) ⁄16 (4.8) ⁄8 (3.2) ⁄16 (4.8)
7 7 3 1 3
Over
...