ASTM D2369-10(2015)e1
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Volatile Content of Coatings
Standard Test Method for Volatile Content of Coatings
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This test method is the procedure of choice for determining volatiles in coatings for the purpose of calculating the volatile organic content in coatings under specified test conditions. The weight percent solids content (nonvolatile matter) may be determined by difference. This information is useful to the paint producer and user and to environmental interests for determining the volatiles emitted by coatings.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method describes a procedure for the determination of the weight percent volatile content of solventborne and waterborne coatings. Test specimens are heated at 110 ± 5°C for 60 min.
Note 1: The coatings used in these round-robin studies represented air-dried, air-dried oxidizing, heat-cured baking systems, and also included multicomponent paint systems.
1.2 Sixty minutes at 110 ± 5°C is a general purpose test method based on the precision obtained with both solventborne and waterborne coatings (see Section 9).
1.3 This test method is viable for coatings wherein one or more parts may, at ambient conditions, contain liquid coreactants that are volatile until a chemical reaction has occurred with another component of the multi-package system.
Note 2: Committee D01 has run round-robin studies on volatiles of multicomponent paint systems. The only change in procedure is to premix the weighed components in the correct proportions and allow the specimens to stand at room temperature for 1 h prior to placing them into the oven.
1.4 Test Method D5095 for Determination of the Nonvolatile Content in Silanes, Siloxanes and Silane-Siloxane Blends Used in Masonry Water Repellent Treatments is the standard method for nonvolatile content of these types of materials.
1.5 Test Methods D5403 for Volatile Content of Radiation Curable Materials is the standard method for determining nonvolatile content of radiation curable coatings, inks and adhesives.
1.6 Test Method D6419 for Volatile Content of Sheet-Fed and Coldset Web Offset Printing Inks is the method of choice for these types of printing inks.
1.7 This test method may not be applicable to all types of coatings. Other procedures may be substituted with mutual agreement between the producer and the user.
Note 3: If unusual decomposition or degradation of the specimen occurs during heating, the actual time and temperature used to cure the coating in practice may be substituted for the time and temperature specified in this test method, subject to mutual agreement between the producer and the user. The U.S. EPA Reference Method 24 specifies 110 ± 5°C for 1 h for coatings.
Note 4: Practice D3960 for Determining Volatile Organic Compound (VOC) Content of Paints and Related Coatings describes procedures and calculations and provides guidance on selecting test methods to determine VOC content of solventborne and waterborne coatings.
1.8 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.9 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
General Information
Relations
Buy Standard
Standards Content (Sample)
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
´1
Designation: D2369 − 10 (Reapproved 2015)
Standard Test Method for
Volatile Content of Coatings
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2369; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
ε NOTE—Paragraph 9.3.2 was editorially corrected in June 2015.
1. Scope 1.7 This test method may not be applicable to all types of
coatings. Other procedures may be substituted with mutual
1.1 This test method describes a procedure for the determi-
agreement between the producer and the user.
nation of the weight percent volatile content of solventborne
NOTE 3—If unusual decomposition or degradation of the specimen
and waterborne coatings. Test specimens are heated at 110 6
occurs during heating, the actual time and temperature used to cure the
5°C for 60 min.
coating in practice may be substituted for the time and temperature
specified in this test method, subject to mutual agreement between the
NOTE 1—The coatings used in these round-robin studies represented
producer and the user. The U.S. EPA Reference Method24 specifies 110
air-dried, air-dried oxidizing, heat-cured baking systems, and also in-
6 5°C for 1 h for coatings.
cluded multicomponent paint systems.
NOTE 4—Practice D3960 for Determining Volatile Organic Compound
1.2 Sixty minutes at 110 6 5°C is a general purpose test
(VOC) Content of Paints and Related Coatings describes procedures and
calculationsandprovidesguidanceonselectingtestmethodstodetermine
methodbasedontheprecisionobtainedwithbothsolventborne
VOC content of solventborne and waterborne coatings.
and waterborne coatings (see Section 9).
1.8 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
1.3 This test method is viable for coatings wherein one or
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
more parts may, at ambient conditions, contain liquid coreac-
standard.
tants that are volatile until a chemical reaction has occurred
1.9 This standard does not purport to address all of the
with another component of the multi-package system.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
NOTE 2—Committee D01 has run round-robin studies on volatiles of
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
multicomponentpaintsystems.Theonlychangeinprocedureistopremix
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
the weighed components in the correct proportions and allow the
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
specimens to stand at room temperature for 1 h prior to placing them into
the oven.
2. Referenced Documents
1.4 Test Method D5095 for Determination of the Nonvola-
2.1 ASTM Standards:
tile Content in Silanes, Siloxanes and Silane-Siloxane Blends
D1193Specification for Reagent Water
Used in Masonry Water Repellent Treatments is the standard
D3925Practice for Sampling Liquid Paints and Related
method for nonvolatile content of these types of materials.
Pigmented Coatings
1.5 Test Methods D5403 for Volatile Content of Radiation
D3960PracticeforDeterminingVolatileOrganicCompound
Curable Materials is the standard method for determining
(VOC) Content of Paints and Related Coatings
nonvolatile content of radiation curable coatings, inks and
D5095Test Method for Determination of the Nonvolatile
adhesives.
Content in Silanes, Siloxanes and Silane-Siloxane Blends
Used in Masonry Water Repellent Treatments
1.6 Test Method D6419 for Volatile Content of Sheet-Fed
D5403Test Methods for Volatile Content of Radiation Cur-
and Coldset Web Offset Printing Inks is the method of choice
able Materials
for these types of printing inks.
D6419Test Method for Volatile Content of Sheet-Fed and
Coldset Web Offset Printing Inks
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paint
and Related Coatings, Materials, andApplications and is the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee D01.21 on Chemical Analysis of Paints and Paint Materials. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved June 1, 2015. Published June 2015. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
ε1
approved in 1965. Last previous edition approved in 2010 as D2369–10 . DOI: Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
10.1520/D2369-10R15E01. the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
´1
D2369 − 10 (2015)
E145Specification for Gravity-Convection and Forced- 6. Reagents
Ventilation Ovens
6.1 Purity of Reagents—Reagent grade chemicals shall be
E177Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in
used in all tests. Unless otherwise indicated, it is intended that
ASTM Test Methods
all reagents shall conform to the specifications of the Commit-
E180Practice for Determining the Precision of ASTM
tee onAnalytical Reagents of theAmerican Chemical Society,
Methods for Analysis and Testing of Industrial and Spe-
where such specifications are available. Other grades may be
cialty Chemicals (Withdrawn 2009)
used, provided it is first ascertained that the reagent is of
E691Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
sufficiently high purity to permit its use without lessening the
Determine the Precision of a Test Method
accuracy of the determination.
2.2 Other Standards:
6.2 Purity of Water—Unless otherwise indicated, references
EPAReference Method24Determination of Volatile Matter
to water shall be understood to mean Type II of Specification
Content, Density, Volume Solids, and Weight Solids of
4 D1193.
Surface Coatings
6.3 Toluene, water or appropriate solvent.
3. Summary of Test Method
7. Procedure
3.1 A designated quantity of coating specimen is weighed
into an aluminum foil dish containing 3 mL of an appropriate
7.1 Take a representative sample of the liquid coating (each
solvent, dispersed, and heated in an oven at 110 6 5°C for 60
component) in accordance with Practice D3925. Mix thor-
min.The percent volatile is calculated from the loss in weight.
oughly by hand before taking specimens.
7.2 For multi-component coatings, weigh each component
4. Significance and Use
in the proper proportion into a container that can be capped.
4.1 This test method is the procedure of choice for deter-
Mix the components together thoroughly by hand before
mining volatiles in coatings for the purpose of calculating the
extracting specimens. Tightly close the container to prevent
volatile organic content in coatings under specified test condi-
loss of volatile materials.
tions. The weight percent solids content (nonvolatile matter)
7.3 Weigh the preconditioned aluminum foil dish (see 5.2)
may be determined by difference.This information is useful to
and record the weight to the nearest 0.1 mg (W ). Use
the paint producer and user and to environmental interests for
disposable(notalc)rubberorpolyethylenegloves,tweezersor
determining the volatiles emitted by coatings.
forceps to handle the dish.
5. Apparatus
7.4 To facilitate dispersing or spreading the specimen, a
metal paper clip may be placed (partially unfolded) in the
5.1 Analytical Balance, capable of weighing 60.1 mg.
aluminum dish and weighed with the dish. If a paper clip is
5.2 Aluminum Foil Dishes , 58 mm in diameter by 18 mm
used, it must remain with the dish throughout the remainder of
high with a smooth (planar) bottom surface. Precondition the
the procedure.
dishes for 30 min in an oven at 110 6 5°C and store in a
7.5 Add to the aluminum foil dish the appropriate type and
desiccator prior to use. Use tongs or rubber gloves, or both, to
amount of solvent according to Table 1.
handle the dishes.
7.6 Drawthecoatingspecimenintothesyringe.Removethe
5.3 Forced Draft Oven,TypeIIAorTypeIIBasspecifiedin
syringe from the specimen and then pull the plunger tip up 6
Specification E145.The oven must be operating in accordance
mm ( ⁄4 in.) in order to pull the specimen away from the neck
withSpecificationE145,sinceitisimportanttohaveproperair
of the syringe.Wipe the outer surface of the syringe to remove
flow and good temperature control to ensure good precision.
excess material and cap the syringe. Place the filled syringe on
NOTE 5—Be sure the shelves are level and dampers are open.
the scale and tare the scale. Use disposable (no talc) rubber or
5.4 Syringe, 1-mL without needle, but equipped with caps,
polyethylene gloves to handle the syringe.
capable of properly dispensing the coating under test, at a
7.7 Remove the cap and dispense from the syringe into the
sufficient rate so that the specimen can be dissolved in the
dish the target specimen weight as specified in Table 1.If
solvent.
solvent is used in the dish add the specimen dropwise to the
NOTE 6—Disposable syringes with caps are recommended. solvent-containing dish. The paper clip may be used to help
disperse the coating specimen in the solvent. If the material
5.5 Paper Clips.
forms a lump that cannot be dispersed, discard the specimen
and prepare a new one. If no solvent is used (see Table 1,
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
www.astm.org.
AvailablefromU.S.GovernmentPrintingOfficeSuperintendentofDocuments,
732 N. Capitol St., NW, Mail Stop: SDE, Washington, DC 20401, http:// Reagent Chemicals, American Chemical Society Specifications, American
www.access.gpo.gov. Chemical Society, Washington, DC. For suggestions on the testing of reagents not
Available from Fisher, Disposable Aluminum Dishes (code 08–732–106), listed by the American Chemical Society, see Analar Standards for Laboratory
www.fishersci.com; McAlister Bicknell, Aluminum Weighing Dishes (code Chemicals, BDH Ltd., Poole, Dorset, U.K., and the United States Pharmacopeia
10676–0000), www.mbcoct.com; Cole-Parmer, Disposable Aluminum Weigh and National Formulary, U.S. Pharmacopeial Convention, Inc. (USPC), Rockville,
Dishes (code EW-01017–44), www.coleparmer.com. MD.
´1
D2369 − 10 (2015)
TABLE 1 Summary of Methods
Method A – Method B – Method C – Method D – Method E –
Coating Type One Component One Component Multi-Component Multi-Component Multi-Component
Waterborne Solventborne Waterborne Solventborne >90 % Solids
Solvent Type and Amount 3±1mlwater(6.2) 3±1mlsolvent (6.3) 3±1mlwater(6.2) 3±1mlsolvent (6.3) non
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
´1 ´1
Designation: D2369 − 10 D2369 − 10 (Reapproved 2015)
Standard Test Method for
Volatile Content of Coatings
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2369; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
ε NOTE—Typo in Table 1 was corrected editorially in August 2011.Paragraph 9.3.2 was editorially corrected in June
2015.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method describes a procedure for the determination of the weight percent volatile content of solventborne and
waterborne coatings. Test specimens are heated at 110 6 5°C for 60 min.
NOTE 1—The coatings used in these round-robin studies represented air-dried, air-dried oxidizing, heat-cured baking systems, and also included
multicomponent paint systems.
1.2 Sixty minutes at 110 6 5°C is a general purpose test method based on the precision obtained with both solventborne and
waterborne coatings (see Section 9).
1.3 This test method is viable for coatings wherein one or more parts may, at ambient conditions, contain liquid coreactants that
are volatile until a chemical reaction has occurred with another component of the multi-package system.
NOTE 2—Committee D01 has run round-robin studies on volatiles of multicomponent paint systems. The only change in procedure is to premix the
weighed components in the correct proportions and allow the specimens to stand at room temperature for 1 h prior to placing them into the oven.
1.4 Test Method D5095 for Determination of the Nonvolatile Content in Silanes, Siloxanes and Silane-Siloxane Blends Used
in Masonry Water Repellent Treatments is the standard method for nonvolatile content of these types of materials.
1.5 Test Methods D5403 for Volatile Content of Radiation Curable Materials is the standard method for determining nonvolatile
content of radiation curable coatings, inks and adhesives.
1.6 Test Method D6419 for Volatile Content of Sheet-Fed and Coldset Web Offset Printing Inks is the method of choice for these
types of printing inks.
1.7 This test method may not be applicable to all types of coatings. Other procedures may be substituted with mutual agreement
between the producer and the user.
NOTE 3—If unusual decomposition or degradation of the specimen occurs during heating, the actual time and temperature used to cure the coating in
practice may be substituted for the time and temperature specified in this test method, subject to mutual agreement between the producer and the user.
The U.S. EPA Reference Method 24 specifies 110 6 5°C for 1 h for coatings.
NOTE 4—Practice D3960 for Determining Volatile Organic Compound (VOC) Content of Paints and Related Coatings describes procedures and
calculations and provides guidance on selecting test methods to determine VOC content of solventborne and waterborne coatings.
1.8 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.9 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paint and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications and is the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee D01.21 on Chemical Analysis of Paints and Paint Materials.
Current edition approved July 1, 2010June 1, 2015. Published September 2010June 2015. Originally approved in 1965. Last previous edition approved in 20072010 as
ε1
D2369 – 07.D2369 – 10 . DOI: 10.1520/D2369-10E01.10.1520/D2369-10R15E01.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’sstandard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
´1
D2369 − 10 (2015)
D3925 Practice for Sampling Liquid Paints and Related Pigmented Coatings
D3960 Practice for Determining Volatile Organic Compound (VOC) Content of Paints and Related Coatings
D5095 Test Method for Determination of the Nonvolatile Content in Silanes, Siloxanes and Silane-Siloxane Blends Used in
Masonry Water Repellent Treatments
D5403 Test Methods for Volatile Content of Radiation Curable Materials
D6419 Test Method for Volatile Content of Sheet-Fed and Coldset Web Offset Printing Inks
E145 Specification for Gravity-Convection and Forced-Ventilation Ovens
E177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in ASTM Test Methods
E180 Practice for Determining the Precision of ASTM Methods for Analysis and Testing of Industrial and Specialty Chemicals
(Withdrawn 2009)
E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to Determine the Precision of a Test Method
2.2 Other Standards:
EPA Reference Method 24 Determination of Volatile Matter Content, Density, Volume Solids, and Weight Solids of Surface
Coatings
3. Summary of Test Method
3.1 A designated quantity of coating specimen is weighed into an aluminum foil dish containing 3 mL of an appropriate solvent,
dispersed, and heated in an oven at 110 6 5°C for 60 min. The percent volatile is calculated from the loss in weight.
4. Significance and Use
4.1 This test method is the procedure of choice for determining volatiles in coatings for the purpose of calculating the volatile
organic content in coatings under specified test conditions. The weight percent solids content (nonvolatile matter) may be
determined by difference. This information is useful to the paint producer and user and to environmental interests for determining
the volatiles emitted by coatings.
5. Apparatus
5.1 Analytical Balance, capable of weighing 60.1 mg.
5.2 Aluminum Foil Dishes , 58 mm in diameter by 18 mm high with a smooth (planar) bottom surface. Precondition the dishes
for 30 min in an oven at 110 6 5°C and store in a desiccator prior to use. Use tongs or rubber gloves, or both, to handle the dishes.
5.3 Forced Draft Oven, Type IIA or Type IIB as specified in Specification E145. The oven must be operating in accordance with
Specification E145, since it is important to have proper air flow and good temperature control to ensure good precision.
NOTE 5—Be sure the shelves are level and dampers are open.
5.4 Syringe, 1-mL without needle, but equipped with caps, capable of properly dispensing the coating under test, at a sufficient
rate so that the specimen can be dissolved in the solvent.
NOTE 6—Disposable syringes with caps are recommended.
5.5 Paper Clips.
6. Reagents
6.1 Purity of Reagents—Reagent grade chemicals shall be used in all tests. Unless otherwise indicated, it is intended that all
reagents shall conform to the specifications of the Committee on Analytical Reagents of the American Chemical Society, where
such specifications are available. Other grades may be used, provided it is first ascertained that the reagent is of sufficiently high
purity to permit its use without lessening the accuracy of the determination.
6.2 Purity of Water—Unless otherwise indicated, references to water shall be understood to mean Type II of Specification
D1193.
6.3 Toluene, water or appropriate solvent.
7. Procedure
7.1 Take a representative sample of the liquid coating (each component) in accordance with Practice D3925. Mix thoroughly
by hand before taking specimens.
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.astm.org.
Available from U.S. Government Printing Office Superintendent of Documents, 732 N. Capitol St., NW, Mail Stop: SDE, Washington, DC 20401, http://
www.access.gpo.gov.
Available from Fisher, Disposable Aluminum Dishes (code 08–732–106), www.fishersci.com; McAlister Bicknell, Aluminum Weighing Dishes (code 10676–0000),
www.mbcoct.com; Cole-Parmer, Disposable Aluminum Weigh Dishes (code EW-01017–44), www.coleparmer.com.
Reagent Chemicals, American Chemical Society Specifications, American Chemical Society, Washington, DC. For suggestions on the testing of reagents not listed by
the American Chemical Society, see Analar Standards for Laboratory Chemicals, BDH Ltd., Poole, Dorset, U.K., and the United States Pharmacopeia and National
Formulary, U.S. Pharmacopeial Convention, Inc. (USPC), Rockville, MD.
´1
D2369 − 10 (2015)
7.2 For multi-component coatings, weigh each component in the proper proportion into a container that can be capped. Mix the
components together thoroughly by hand before extracting specimens. Tightly close the container to prevent loss of volatile
materials.
7.3 Weigh the preconditioned aluminum foil dish (see 5.2) and record the weight to the nearest 0.1 mg (W ). Use disposable
(no talc) rubber or polyethylene gloves, tweezers or forceps to handle the dish.
7.4 To facilitate dispersing or spreading the specimen, a metal paper clip may be placed (partially unfolded) in the aluminum
dish and weighed with the dish. If a paper clip is used, it must remain with the dish throughout the remainder of the procedure.
7.5 Add to the aluminum foil dish the appropriate type and amount of solvent according to Table 1.
7.6 Draw the coating specimen into the syringe. Remove the syringe from the specimen and then pull the plunger tip up 6 mm
( ⁄4 in.) in order to pull the specimen away from the neck of the syringe. Wipe the outer surface of the syringe to remove excess
material and cap the syringe. Place the filled syringe on the scale and tare the scale. Use disposable (no talc) rubber or polyethylene
gloves to handle the syringe.
7.7 Remove the cap and dispense from the syringe into the dish the target specimen weight as specified in Table 1. If solvent
is used in the dish add the specimen dropwise to the solvent-containing dish. The paper clip may be used to help disperse the
coating specimen in the solvent. If the material forms a lump that cannot be dispersed, discard the specimen and prepare a new
one. If no solvent is used (see Table 1, Method E), spread out the specimen in the dish with the paper clip to cover the bottom
of the dish completely with as uniform thickness as possible.
7.8 After dispensing the specimen, do not wipe the tip of the syringe. Remove the specimen from the neck of the syringe by
pulling up the plunger. Cap and place the syringe on the balance (that was tared with the syringe before the specimen was
dispensed) and record the weight to the nearest 0.1 mg as the Specimen Weight (S ).
A
7.9 Repeat steps 7.3 – 7.8 to prepare a duplicate specimen for each sample.
7.10 For multi-component coatings, after the specimens are prepared, allow them to sit at ambient conditions for a prescribed
induction time according to Table 1 before placing the dishes in the oven.
7.11 Heat the aluminum foil dishes containing the specimens in the forced draft oven (5.3) for 60 min at 110 6 5°C.
7.12 Remove each dish from the oven, place immediately in a desiccator, cool to ambient temperature, weigh to the nearest 0.1
mg and record this weight (W ) for each specimen.
8. Calculation
8.1 Calculate the percent volatile matter, V, in the liquid coating as follows:
V 5 100 2 @~~W 2 W !/S !3100# (1)
A 2 1 A
where:
V = % volatiles (first determination),
A
W = weight of dish,
W = weight of dish plus specimen after heating,
S = specimen weight, and
A
V = % volatiles (duplicate determination, calculate in same manner as V ).
B A
where:
TABLE 1 Summary of Methods
Method A – Method B – Method C – Method D – Method E –
Coating Type One Component One Component Multi-Component Multi-Component Multi-Component
Waterborne Solventborne Waterborne Solventborne >90 % Solids
Method A – Method B – Method C – Method D – Method E –
Coating Type One Component One Component Multi-Component Multi-Component Multi-Component
Waterborne Solventborne Waterborne Solventborne >90 % Solids
Solvent Type and Amount 3 ± 1 ml water (6.2) 3 ± 1 ml solvent (6.3) 3 ± 1 ml water (6.2) 3 ± 1 ml solvent (6.3) none
A
Specimen Weight 0.3 ± 0.1 g if expected result is =<40 % volatile (>=60 % non-volatile) see
0.5 ± 0.1 g if expected result is >40 % volatile (<60 % non-volatile)
B B
Induction Time N/A N/A 1 hr (see ) 1 hr (see ) 24 hr
A
Specimen weight to be representative of how the product is used (the lowest thickness which the manufacturer’s literature recommends) where: Weight (g) = Thickness
2 2
(mm) × 3.14 × [Dish Diameter (mm )/4] × Density (g/cc)/1000. For example: the appropriate specimen weight for a coating with a density of 1 g/cc placed in a 50 mm
diameter dish at a thickness of 0.5 mm calculates to 1.0 g.
B
Other induction periods are used. See EPA Reference Method 24.
´1
D2369 − 10 (2015)
V = % volatiles (first determination),
A
W = weight of dish,
W = weight of dish plus specimen after heating,
S = specimen weight, and
A
V = % volatiles (duplicate determination, calculate in same manner as V ).
B A
V 5 ~V 1V !/2 (2)
A B
8.2 Report V, the mean of the duplicate determination if relative percent difference is 1.5 % or less. If relative difference
between V and V is greater than 1.5 %, repeat the duplicate determinations. The 1.5 % relative difference is not applicable to
A B
Method E.
8.3 The percent of nonvolatile matter, N, in the coating may be calculated by difference as follows:
N 5 N 1N /2 (3)
~ !
A B
where:
N = 100 − V , and
A A
N = 100 − V .
B B
where:
N = 100 − V , and
A A
N = 100 − V .
B B
N represents first determination and N represents duplicate determination.
A B
9. Precision and Bias
9.1 The precision estimated for tests at 60 min at 110 6 5°C are based on an interlaboratory study in which 1 operator in each
of 15 laboratories analyzed in duplicate on 2 different days 7 samples of waterborne paints and 8 samples of solventborne paints
containing between 35 and 72 % volatile material. The paints were commercially supplied. The results were analyzed statistically
in accord
...
Questions, Comments and Discussion
Ask us and Technical Secretary will try to provide an answer. You can facilitate discussion about the standard in here.