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ASTM D7408-08

(Specification)

Standard Specification for Non Reinforced PVC (Polyvinyl Chloride) Geomembrane Seams

Standard Specification for Non Reinforced PVC (Polyvinyl Chloride) Geomembrane Seams

SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the minimum values for seams fabricated into unreinforced PVC geomembranes in factory and field applications.
1.2 This specification covers PVC Geomembranes in thickness of .25 through 1.52 mm (0.010 through 0.060 in.)  
1.3 In addition to structural characteristics, the specifier shall evaluate other characteristics beyond the scope of this specification that affect the final choice of construction. These include, but are not limited to, functional, legal, insurance and economic considerations.
1.4 This specification is not intended to exclude products or systems not covered by the referenced documents.
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
30-Apr-2008
ICS
59.080.70 - Geotextiles
Technical Committee
D35 - Geosynthetics
Drafting Committee
D35.10 - Geomembranes
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaced By
ASTM D7408-12 - Standard Specification for Non Reinforced PVC (Polyvinyl Chloride) Geomembrane Seams
Effective Date
15-Jul-2012
Referred By
ASTM D7700-22 - Standard Guide for Selecting Test Methods for Geomembrane Seams
Effective Date
01-May-2008
Referred By
ASTM D7982-15(2021) - Standard Practice for Testing of Factory Thermo-Fusion Seams for Fabricated Geomembrane Panels
Effective Date
01-May-2008

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ASTM D7408-08 - Standard Specification for Non Reinforced PVC (Polyvinyl Chloride) Geomembrane SeamsASTM D7408-08 - Standard Specification for Non Reinforced PVC (Polyvinyl Chloride) Geomembrane Seams
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ASTM D7408-08 - Standard Specification for Non Reinforced PVC (Polyvinyl Chloride) Geomembrane Seams
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:D7408 −08
StandardSpecification for
Non Reinforced PVC (Polyvinyl Chloride) Geomembrane
Seams
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7408; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3. Terminology
1.1 This specification covers the minimum values for seams 3.1 Definitions:
fabricated into unreinforced PVC geomembranes in factory
3.1.1 chemical fusion seams, n—use of a chemical agent to
and field applications.
dissolve the surface of the geomembrane for bonding.
1.2 This specification covers PVC Geomembranes in thick- 3.1.2 adhesive or bodied solvent, n—these seams are typi-
ness of .25 through 1.52 mm (0.010 through 0.060 in.)
cally produced by applying an adhesive to both sides of the
sheet to be bonded and then pressure is applied to the top sheet
1.3 In addition to structural characteristics, the specifier
with the bottom sheet supported by flat a firm surface
shall evaluate other characteristics beyond the scope of this
specification that affect the final choice of construction. These 3.1.3 thermal fusion, n— also known as hot air or hot
include, but are not limited to, functional, legal, insurance and wedge, this technique introduces high-temperature air or gas or
economic considerations. a hot wedge between two geomembrane surfaces to facilitate
melting. Pressure is applied to the top and/or bottom sheets of
1.4 This specification is not intended to exclude products or
the geomembrane, forcing together the two surfaces to form a
systems not covered by the referenced documents.
continuous bond.
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
3.1.3.1 Discussion—Some seams of this kind are made with
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
dual bond tracks separated by a non-bonded gap. These seams
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
are referred to as dual track seams or double-track seams
and are not considered standard.
3.1.4 hot air or knife, n— this technique melts the two
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the
geomembrane surfaces to be seamed by running a hot metal
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
wedge or hot air between them. Pressure is applied to the top
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
or bottom geomembrane, or both, to form a continuous bond.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
These seams are usually produced with a combination of a
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
hand held heat gun or hand held hot wedge along with a hand
roller.
2. Referenced Documents
3.2 For definitions of other terms, see Terminology D4439.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D638 Test Method for Tensile Properties of Plastics
4. Classification
D882 Test Method for Tensile Properties of Thin Plastic
4.1 Types of seams covered in this specification:
Sheeting
D4439 Terminology for Geosynthetics 4.1.1 Chemical Fusion,
D7176 Specification for Non-Reinforced Polyvinyl Chloride 4.1.2 Adhesive or Bodied Solvent,
(PVC) Geomembranes Used in Buried Applications
4.1.3 Dielectric, and
4.1.4 Thermal Fusion.
5. Significance and Use
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D35 on
GeosyntheticsandisthedirectresponsibilityofSubcommitteeD35.10onGeomem-
5.1 Significance— the increased use of geomembranes as
branes.
barrier materials to restrict fluid migration from one location to
Current edition approved May 1, 2008. Published June 2008. DOI: 10.1520/
D7408-08.
another in various applications, and the various types of
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
seaming methods used in joining geomembrane sheets, has
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
created a need to standardize minimum seam strength require-
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. ments.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D7408−08
5.2 Use—Standard seam specification provides information 7.2 Once the sample is received at the testing facility, the
as to the status of the seam. Data obtained by this standard can sample shall be acclimated at a standard laboratory environ-
beusedinCQC/CQAdocuments.Thistestmethodisusefulfor ment, Humidity between 50 and 70 % and a temperature of
specification testing and for comparative purposes but does not 21.6 62 °C (70.6 64 °F) for a minimum of 40 hours for all
necessarily measure the ultimate strength that the seam may types of seams, except thermo and dielectric type seams, for
acquire. these types of seams a minimum of 4 hours at the standard
laboratory environment is required.
6. Apparatus
NOTE 2— If samples are sent to the lab and testing is preformed prior
6.1 Tensile instrumentation shall meet the requirements to the required lab acclimating period then this must be noted on the
sample results. However the sample should be at least a minimum of 40
outlined in Test Method D638.
hours from the time of fabrication and lab acclimation period should be at
6.2 Grip Faces—Grip faces shall be a minimum 25 mm (1
least one (1) hour minimum.
in.) wide and a minimum of 25 mm (1 in.) in length. Smo
...

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1.1 This practice covers a nondestructive evaluation of the continuity of parallel geomembrane seams separated by an unwelded air channel. The unwelded air channel between the two distinct seamed regions is sealed and inflated with air to a predetermined pressure. Long lengths of seam can be evaluated by this practice more quickly than by other common nondestructive tests.  
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5.1 This practice covers test arrangements, measurement techniques, sampling methods, and calculations to be used for nondestructive evaluation of geomembranes using ultrasonic testing.  
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SCOPE
1.1 This practice provides a summary of equipment and procedures for ultrasonic testing of geomembranes using the pulse echo method.  
1.2 Ultrasonic wave propagation in solid materials is correlated to physical and mechanical properties and condition of the materials. In ultrasonic testing, two wave propagation characteristics are commonly determined: velocity (based on wave travel time measurements) and attenuation (based on wave amplitude measurements). Velocity of wave propagation is used to determine thickness, density, and elastic properties of materials. Attenuation of waves in solid materials is used to determine microstructural properties of the materials. In addition, frequency characteristics of waves are analyzed to investigate the properties of a test material. Travel time, amplitude, and frequency distribution measurements are used to assess the condition of materials to identify damage and defects in solid materials. Ultrasonic measurements are used to determine the nature of materials/media in contact with a test specimen as well. Measurements are conducted in the time-domain (time versus amplitude) or frequency-domain (frequency versus amplitude).  
1.3 Measurements of one or more ultrasonic wave transmission characteristics are made based on the requirements of the specific testing program.  
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
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Standard Test Method for Determining Tearing Strength of Internally Reinforced Geomembranes

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5.1 Since tear resistance may be affected to a large degree by mechanical fibering of the membrane under stress, as well as by stress distribution, strain rate, and size of specimen, the results obtained in a tear resistance test can only be regarded as a measure of the resistance under the conditions of that particular test and not necessarily as having any direct relation to service value. This test method measures the force required to tear a reinforced geomembrane along a reasonably defined course such as that the tear propagates across the width of the specimen. The values may vary between types of reinforcement used within a geomembrane.  
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SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers a uniform procedure for determining the tear strength of flexible geomembranes internally reinforced with a textile, using the tongue tear method.  
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
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  • Standard
    4 pages
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ASTM
ASTM D7466/D7466M-23(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Measuring Asperity Height of Textured Geomembranes

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The asperity height is an index property used to quantify one of the physical attributes related to the surface roughness of textured geomembranes.  
5.2 This test method is applicable to all currently available textured geomembranes that are deployed as manufactured geomembrane sheets.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers a procedure to measure the asperity height of textured geomembranes.  
1.2 This test method does not provide for measurement of the spacing between the asperities nor of the complete profile of the textured surface.  
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
    4 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off
  • Standard
    4 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off