ASTM C1343-16
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Determination of Low Concentrations of Uranium in Oils and Organic Liquids by X-ray Fluorescence
Standard Test Method for Determination of Low Concentrations of Uranium in Oils and Organic Liquids by X-ray Fluorescence
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method is applicable to organic solutions containing 20 to 2000 μg uranium per mL of solution presented to the spectrometer for the solution techniques or 200 to 50 000 μg uranium per g using the fused pellet technique.
5.2 Either wavelength-dispersive or energy-dispersive XRF systems may be used, provided that the software accompanying the system is able to accommodate the use of internal standards.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the steps necessary for the preparation and analysis by X-ray fluorescence (XRF) of oils and organic solutions containing uranium. Two different preparation techniques are described.
1.2 The procedure is valid for those solutions containing 20 to 2000 μg uranium per mL as presented to the spectrometer for the solution technique and 200 to 50 000 μg uranium per g for the pellet technique.
1.3 This test method requires the use of an appropriate internal standard. Care must be taken to ascertain that samples analyzed by this test method do not contain the internal standard or that this contamination, whenever present, has been corrected for mathematically. Such corrections are not addressed in this procedure. Care must be taken that the internal standard and sample medium are compatible; that is, samples must be miscible with tri- n-butyl phosphate (TBP) and must not remove the internal standard from solution. Alternatively, a scatter line may be used as the internal standard.2
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precautionary statements are given in Section 9 and Note 2.
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: C1343 − 16
Standard Test Method for
Determination of Low Concentrations of Uranium in Oils
1
and Organic Liquids by X-ray Fluorescence
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1343; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
3
1.1 This test method covers the steps necessary for the 2.1 ASTM Standards:
C1110 Test Method for Determining Elements in Waste
preparation and analysis by X-ray fluorescence (XRF) of oils
andorganicsolutionscontaininguranium.Twodifferentprepa- StreamsbyInductivelyCoupledPlasma-AtomicEmission
4
Spectroscopy (Withdrawn 2014)
ration techniques are described.
C1254 Test Method for Determination of Uranium in Min-
1.2 The procedure is valid for those solutions containing 20
eral Acids by X-Ray Fluorescence
to2000µguraniumpermLaspresentedtothespectrometerfor
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
the solution technique and 200 to 50 000 µg uranium per g for
E135 Terminology Relating to Analytical Chemistry for
the pellet technique.
Metals, Ores, and Related Materials
1.3 This test method requires the use of an appropriate
2.2 NIST Document:
internal standard. Care must be taken to ascertain that samples
ANSI/HPS N43.2–2001 Radiation Safety for X-ray Diffrac-
5
analyzed by this test method do not contain the internal
tion and X-ray Fluorescence Analysis Equipment
standardorthatthiscontamination,wheneverpresent,hasbeen
3. Terminology
corrected for mathematically. Such corrections are not ad-
dressed in this procedure. Care must be taken that the internal 3.1 Definitions—See definitions in Terminology E135.
standard and sample medium are compatible; that is, samples
4. Summary of Test Method
must be miscible with tri- n-butyl phosphate (TBP) and must
4.1 Solution standards containing 20 µg uranium per mL to
not remove the internal standard from solution.Alternatively, a
2
2000 µg uranium per mL or pellet standards containing 200 to
scatter line may be used as the internal standard.
50 000 µg uranium per g and an internal standard are placed in
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
aliquidsampleholderofanX-rayspectrometerandexposedto
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
an X-ray beam capable of exciting the uranium L-α emission
only.
line and the appropriate internal standard line. The intensities
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
generated are measured by an appropriate detector. The inten-
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
sity ratio values obtained from these data are used to calibrate
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
the X-ray analyzer. Samples are prepared having a similar
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
matrix to fit the calibration range and measured using the same
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precau-
analytical parameters.
tionary statements are given in Section 9 and Note 2.
NOTE 1—Yttrium, strontium, and bromine K-α and thorium L-α lines
have been used successfully as internal standard lines. Explanation of the
1 3
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee C26 on Nuclear For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Fuel Cycle and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C26.05 on Methods of contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Test. Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
CurrenteditionapprovedJune1,2016.PublishedJuly2016.Originallyapproved the ASTM website.
4
in 1996. Last previous edition approved in 2011 as C1343 – 11. DOI: 10.1520/ The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
C1343-16. www.astm.org.
2 5
Andermann, G., and Kemp, J. W., “Scattered X-rays as Internal Standards in Available from U.S. Department of Commerce, National Institute of Standards
X-ray Spectroscopy,” Analytical Chemistry, Vol 20, No. 8, 1958. and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
C1343 − 16
internal standard method of analysis is outside the scope of this test
provided it is first ascertained that the reagent is of sufficiently
6,7
method and is found in several sources.
high purity to p
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: C1343 − 11 C1343 − 16
Standard Test Method for
Determination of Low Concentrations of Uranium in Oils
1
and Organic Liquids by X-ray Fluorescence
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1343; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers the steps necessary for the preparation and analysis by X-ray fluorescence (XRF) of oils and organic
solutions containing uranium. Two different preparation techniques are described.
1.2 The procedure is valid for those solutions containing 20 to 2000 μg uranium per mL as presented to the spectrometer for
the solution technique and 200 to 50 000 μg uranium per g for the pellet technique.
1.3 This test method requires the use of an appropriate internal standard. Care must be taken to ascertain that samples analyzed
by this test method do not contain the internal standard or that this contamination, whenever present, has been corrected for
mathematically. Such corrections are not addressed in this procedure. Care must be taken that the internal standard and sample
medium are compatible; that is, samples must be miscible with tri- n-butyl phosphate (TBP) and must not remove the internal
2
standard from solution. Alternatively, a scatter line may be used as the internal standard.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use. Specific precautionary statements are given in Section 9 and Note 2.
2. Referenced Documents
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C1110 Test Method for Determining Elements in Waste Streams by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Atomic Emission Spectroscopy
4
(Withdrawn 2014)
C1254 Test Method for Determination of Uranium in Mineral Acids by X-Ray Fluorescence
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
E135 Terminology Relating to Analytical Chemistry for Metals, Ores, and Related Materials
2.2 NIST Document:
5
ANSI/HPS N43.2–2001 Radiation Safety for X-ray Diffraction and X-ray Fluorescence Analysis Equipment
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions—See definitions in Terminology E135.
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 Solution standards containing 20 μg uranium per mL to 2000 μg uranium per mL or pellet standards containing 200 to
50 000 μg uranium per g and an internal standard are placed in a liquid sample holder of an X-ray spectrometer and exposed to
an X-ray beam capable of exciting the uranium L-α emission line and the appropriate internal standard line. The intensities
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C26 on Nuclear Fuel Cycle and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C26.05 on Methods of Test.
Current edition approved Feb. 1, 2011June 1, 2016. Published February 2011July 2016. Originally approved in 1996. Last previous edition approved in 20072011 as
C1343–96(2007).C1343 – 11. DOI: 10.1520/C1343-11.10.1520/C1343-16.
2
Andermann, G., and Kemp, J. W., “Scattered X-rays as Internal Standards in X-ray Spectroscopy,” Analytical Chemistry, Vol 20, No. 8, 1958.
3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
4
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.astm.org.
5
Available from U.S. Department of Commerce, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
C1343 − 16
generated are measured by an appropriate detector. The intensity ratio values obtained from these data are used to calibrate the
X-ray analyzer. Samples are prepared having a similar matrix to fit the calibration range and measured using the same analytical
parameters.
NOTE 1—Yttrium, strontium, and bromine K-α and thorium L-α lines have been used successfully as internal stan
...
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