ASTM D1725-12(2019)

Standard Practice for Preparing Resin Solutions for Viscosity Measurement by Bubble Time Method

ABSTRACT
This test method details the standard procedure for measuring the viscosity of resin solutions. The apparatuses required here are constant-temperature water bath, wide-mouthed screw capped bottles, cellophane sheets, No. 2 short taper corks, viscosity tube holder, bottle shaker, timing device, and viscosity tubes. Solid resins are dissolved in organic solvents by cold-cut or hot-cut methods in the laboratory. The viscosity of such prepared solutions, or of commercial solutions of resins is then determined by the bubble time method. The bubble seconds are approximately equal to stokes.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice provides instructions for preparing resin solutions viscosity measurement by bubble time method.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements, see Section 7.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 31-May-2019
• ICS: 87.060.20 - Binders
• Technical Committee: D01 - Paint and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications
• Drafting Committee: D01.33 - Polymers and Resins

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM D1725-12 - Standard Practice for Preparing Resin Solutions for Viscosity Measurement by Bubble Time Method
• Effective Date: 01-Jun-2019
• Refers: ASTM D6440-10(2018) - Standard Terminology Relating to Hydrocarbon Resins
• Effective Date: 01-Sep-2018
• Refers: ASTM E691-13 - Standard Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to Determine the Precision of a Test Method
• Effective Date: 01-May-2013
• Refers: ASTM D1545-13 - Standard Test Method for Viscosity of Transparent Liquids by Bubble Time Method
• Effective Date: 01-Feb-2013
• Refers: ASTM D1545-07(2012) - Standard Test Method for Viscosity of Transparent Liquids by Bubble Time Method
• Effective Date: 01-Feb-2012
• Refers: ASTM E691-11 - Standard Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to Determine the Precision of a Test Method
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2011
• Refers: ASTM D6440-10 - Standard Terminology Relating to Hydrocarbon Resins
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2010
• Refers: ASTM D154-85(2009) - Standard Guide for Testing Varnishes (Withdrawn 2018)
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2009
• Refers: ASTM E691-08 - Standard Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to Determine the Precision of a Test Method
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2008
• Refers: ASTM D1545-07 - Standard Test Method for Viscosity of Transparent Liquids by Bubble Time Method
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2007
• Refers: ASTM E691-05 - Standard Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to Determine the Precision of a Test Method
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2005
• Refers: ASTM D6440-05 - Standard Terminology Relating to Hydrocarbon Resins
• Effective Date: 01-Sep-2005
• Refers: ASTM D6440-00A - Standard Terminology Relating to Hydrocarbon Resins
• Effective Date: 10-Dec-2001
• Refers: ASTM D6440-01 - Standard Terminology Relating to Hydrocarbon Resins
• Effective Date: 10-Dec-2001
• Refers: ASTM E691-99 - Standard Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to Determine the Precision of a Test Method
• Effective Date: 10-May-1999

Overview

ASTM D1725-12(2019) is the internationally recognized standard practice for preparing resin solutions to measure viscosity using the bubble time method. Established by ASTM International, this standard outlines detailed procedures for safely and accurately dissolving solid resins in organic solvents-either by cold-cut or hot-cut methods-and measuring the resulting solution’s viscosity. The bubble time method is an efficient, practical approach widely used in laboratories for determining viscosity, with results expressed in bubble seconds approximately equal to stokes.

By adhering to ASTM D1725-12(2019), laboratories and industry professionals ensure their resin viscosity measurements are consistent, reproducible, and compliant with established best practices.

Key Topics

• Sample Preparation: Guidance is provided on dissolving solid resins in selected solvents, ensuring accurate sample concentration and complete dissolution by either cold-cut (room temperature agitation) or hot-cut (gentle heating) methods.
• Apparatus Requirements: The standard specifies essential equipment, including a constant-temperature water bath, wide-mouthed screw-capped bottles, cellophane sheets, viscosity tube holders, bottle shakers, timing devices, and precise viscosity tubes.
• Safety and Environmental Considerations: Users must follow safety protocols per OSHA regulations and ensure the safe handling of organic solvents and resins.
• Measurement Precision: Emphasizes repeatability by recommending multiple readings and providing guidance on acceptable variation thresholds for reported viscosity results.
• Reporting Requirements: Clear requirements for documenting test conditions, including solution concentration, solvent type, and preparation method (cold- or hot-cut).

Applications

ASTM D1725-12(2019) is essential for industries that rely on precise viscosity measurements of resin solutions, especially in quality control, product development, and research. Typical applications include:

• Paints and Coatings: Ensuring resin solutions meet specific viscosity requirements for production and performance.
• Adhesives and Sealants: Controlling flow properties during application and curing.
• Polymer Manufacturing: Comparing batch-to-batch consistency in resin supplies.
• Commercial Resin Solutions: Validating product specifications for suppliers and end-users.
• Laboratory Analysis: Providing a straightforward, reproducible method for academic and industrial research teams.

Implementing this standard helps guarantee data consistency across organizations, facilitating more reliable quality assurance and compliance with international trade and regulatory requirements.

Related Standards

• ASTM D1545 - Test Method for Viscosity of Transparent Liquids by Bubble Time Method: This is the referenced method for conducting the actual viscosity determination after resin solution preparation.
• ASTM E691 - Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to Determine the Precision of a Test Method: Used to assess the reproducibility and repeatability of results across different labs.
• ASTM D6440 - Terminology Relating to Hydrocarbon Resins: Provides definitions for key terms used in ASTM D1725.
• OSHA Regulations (29 CFR 1910.1000 and 1910.1200) - Federal safety standards referenced for chemical handling and workplace safety.

By following ASTM D1725-12(2019) and associated standards, organizations can ensure robust and consistent viscosity measurements, leading to improved product performance and compliance with global quality systems.

Keywords: resin solutions, viscosity measurement, bubble time method, ASTM D1725, viscosity standards, laboratory procedures, cold-cut method, hot-cut method, industrial resins, quality control, bubble seconds, standard practice.

Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D1725 − 12 (Reapproved 2019)
Standard Practice for
Preparing Resin Solutions for Viscosity Measurement by
Bubble Time Method
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1725; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 2.2 Other Document:
OSHA Regulations, 29 CFR, paragraphs 19.10.1000 and
1.1 This practice provides instructions for preparing resin
1910.1200
solutions viscosity measurement by bubble time method.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
3. Terminology
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
3.1 For definitions related to hydrocarbon resins see Termi-
only.
nology D6440.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
4. Summary of Practice
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
4.1 Solid resins are dissolved in organic solvents by cold-
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
cut or hot-cut methods in the laboratory. The viscosity of such
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
prepared solutions, or of commercial solutions of resins is then
For specific hazard statements, see Section 7.
determined by the bubble time method (Test Method D1545).
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
The bubble seconds are approximately equal to stokes.
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
5. Apparatus
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
5.1 Bath, constant-temperature, consisting of a cylindrical
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
glass jar of about 5-gal capacity, or an aquarium tank with
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
controls capable of maintaining the temperature at 25 6 0.1°C
2. Referenced Documents with water as the bath medium.
2.1 ASTM Standards: 5.2 Bottles, 225-mL (8-oz), wide-mouth, screw cap.
D154 Guide for Testing of Varnishes (Withdrawn 2018)
5.3 Cellophane, sheet, cut into 102 or 127-mm (4 or 5-in.)
D1545 Test Method for Viscosity of Transparent Liquids by
squares.
Bubble Time Method
5.4 Corks, No. 2 short taper, to fit viscosity tubes.
D6440 Terminology Relating to Hydrocarbon Resins
E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to 5.5 Holder for Viscosity Tubes, preferably a mechanical
Determine the Precision of a Test Method
holder withrackandpinionforinvertingthetubes.Theholder
should be checked with a small level and T-square to make
certain it holds the tubes in an exact vertical position after
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paint and being placed in the constant-temperature bath.
Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications and is the direct responsibility of
5.6 Bottle Shaker, preferably one which will give end-over-
Subcommittee D01.33 on Polymers and Resins.
Current edition approved June 1, 2019. Published June 2019. Originally end agitation.
approved in 1960. Last previous edition approved in 2012 as D1725 – 12. DOI:
10.1520/D1725–12R19.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM AvailablefromU.S.GovernmentPrintingOfficeSuperintendentofDocuments,
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on 732 N. Capitol St., NW, Mail Stop: SDE, Washington, DC 20401, http://
the ASTM website. www.access.gpo.gov.
3 5
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on Suitable mechanical viscosity tube holders are available from various labora-
www.astm.org. tory supply companies.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D1725 − 12 (2019)
5.7 Timing Device, such as a stopwatch or electric stop possible as it is added. Place the cellophane sheet over the
clock capable of being read to a precision of 0.1 s. mouth of the bottle and screw on the cap tightly.
8.2.4 Immediately shake vigorously by hand and place on a
5.8 Viscosity Tubes, of clear glass and flat bottoms, having
shaker to give end-over-end agitation for an overnight period.
10.65 6 0.025-mm inside diameter and 114 6 1-mm outside
8.2.5 Check the weight of the bottle, cap, cellophane and
length. Plainly legible lines shall be located on the tubes as
solution to make certain that none was lost during the mixing.
follows:
If appreciable loss has occurred, discard the solution and
27±0.5mm
prepare a fresh one.
100 ± 0.5 mm
108 ± 0.5 mm
8.3 Hot-Cut Solutions:
All distances shall be measured from the bottom outside of
8.3.1 Prepare 100 g of solution as follows:Weigh a 250-mL
the tube. The distance between the first and second lines shall
Erlenmeyer flask with a ground joint to the nearest 0.05 g.
be 73 6 0.5 mm.
Weigh into the flask to the nearest 0.05 g the appropriate
amount of solvent (40 g for a 60 % solution).
6. Solvent
8.3.2 Weigh into the flask to the nearest 0.05 g the correct
6.1 The solvent used should be mutually agreed upon
amount (60 g for a 60 % solution) of the freshly crushed resin
between the purchaser and the manufacturer. Toluene, xylene,
passing a No. 10 (2000-
...