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ASTM D2782-02e1

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Measurement of Extreme-Pressure Properties of Lubricating Fluids (Timken Method)

Standard Test Method for Measurement of Extreme-Pressure Properties of Lubricating Fluids (Timken Method)

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method is used widely for the determination of extreme pressure properties for specification purposes. Users are cautioned to carefully consider the precision and bias statements herein when establishing specification limits.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the load-carrying capacity of lubricating fluids by means of the Timken Extreme Pressure Tester.
Note 1—This test method is suitable for testing fluids having a viscosity of less than about 5000 cSt (5000 mm2/s) at 40°C. For testing fluids having a higher viscosity, refer to Note 5 in 9.1.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. Because the equipment used in this test method is available only in inch-pound units, SI units are omitted when referring to the equipment and the test specimens.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precautionary statements are given in 7.1, 7.2, 8.1, 8.2, 9.4, and 9.9.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
09-Nov-2002
ICS
75.100 - Lubricants, industrial oils and related products
Technical Committee
D02 - Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants
Drafting Committee
D02.L0.11 - Tribological Properties of Industrial Fluids and Lubricates
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM D2782-02 - Standard Test Method for Measurement of Extreme-Pressure Properties of Lubricating Fluids (Timken Method)
Effective Date
10-Nov-2002
Replaced By
ASTM D2782-02(2008) - Standard Test Method for Measurement of Extreme-Pressure Properties of Lubricating Fluids (Timken Method)
Effective Date
01-May-2008
Referred By
ASTM D7755-11(2022) - Standard Practice for Determining the Wear Volume on Standard Test Pieces Used by High-Frequency, Linear-Oscillation (SRV) Test Machine
Effective Date
10-Nov-2002
Referred By
ASTM D8324-21 - Standard Guide for Selection of Environmentally Acceptable Lubricants for the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Vessel General Permit
Effective Date
10-Nov-2002

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ASTM D2782-02e1 - Standard Test Method for Measurement of Extreme-Pressure Properties of Lubricating Fluids (Timken Method)ASTM D2782-02e1 - Standard Test Method for Measurement of Extreme-Pressure Properties of Lubricating Fluids (Timken Method)
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ASTM D2782-02e1 - Standard Test Method for Measurement of Extreme-Pressure Properties of Lubricating Fluids (Timken Method)
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
An American National Standard
e1
Designation:D2782–02
240/84
Standard Test Method for
Measurement of Extreme-Pressure Properties of Lubricating
1
Fluids (Timken Method)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2782; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1
e NOTE—Adjunct references were corrected editorially in April 2006.
1. Scope* 2.2 ASTM Adjuncts:
3
Photograph of Test Blocks Showing Scars
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the load-
carrying capacity of lubricating fluids by means of theTimken
3. Terminology
Extreme Pressure Tester.
3.1 Definitions:
NOTE 1—This test method is suitable for testing fluids having a
3.1.1 extreme pressure (EP) additive, n, in a lubricant—a
2
viscosity of less than about 5000 cSt (5000 mm /s) at 40°C. For testing
substance that minimizes damage to metal surfaces in contact
fluids having a higher viscosity, refer to Note 5 in 9.1.
under high-stress rubbing conditions. D4175
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
3.1.2 lubricant, n—any substance interposed between two
standard. Because the equipment used in this test method is
surfaces for the purpose of reducing friction or wear between
available only in inch-pound units, SI units are omitted when
them. G40
referring to the equipment and the test specimens.
3.1.3 scoring, n, in tribology—a severe form of wear
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
characterized by the formation of extensive grooves and
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
scratches in the direction of sliding. G40
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
3.1.4 wear, n—damage to a solid surface generally involv-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
ingprogressivelossofmaterial,duetorelativemotionbetween
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precau-
that surface and a contacting substance or substances. G40
tionary statements are given in 7.1, 7.2, 8.1, 8.2, 9.4, and 9.9.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.2.1 load-carrying capacity of a lubricant—as determined
2. Referenced Documents
by this test method, the maximum load or pressure that can be
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
sustained by the lubricant (when used in the given system
D2509 Test Method for Measurement of Load-Carrying
underspecificconditions)withoutfailureoftheslidingcontact
Capacity of Lubricating Grease (Timken Method)
surfaces as evidenced by scoring or seizure or asperity weld-
D4175 Terminology Relating to Petroleum, Petroleum
ing.
Products, and Lubricants
3.2.2 OK value, n—as determined by this test method, the
G40 Terminology Relating to Wear and Erosion
maximummass(weight)addedtotheloadleverweightpan,at
which no scoring or seizure occurs.
3.2.3 score value, n—asdeterminedbythistestmethod,the
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
minimum mass (weight) added to the load lever weight pan, at
Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
which scoring or seizure occurs.
D02.L0 on Industrial Lubricants.
Current edition approved Nov. 10, 2002. Published January 2003. Originally
3.2.3.1 Discussion—Whenthelubricantfilmissubstantially
approved in 1969. Last previous edition approved in 2001 as D2782–01.
maintained, a smooth scar is obtained on the test block, but
This test method was adopted as a joint ASTM-IP Standard.
when there is a breakdown of the lubricant film, scoring or
This test method was prepared under the joint sponsorship of the American
Society of Lubrication Engineers. Accepted by STLE January 1969. surface failure of the test block takes place, as shown in Figs.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
3
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available from ASTM International Headquarters. Order Adjunct No.
the ASTM website. ADJD2509. Original adjunct produced in 1972.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
e1
D2782–02
FIG. 1 Test Blocks Showing Various Types of Scar
are cautioned to carefully consider the precision and bias
statements herein when establishing specification limits.
6. Apparatus
4
6.1 Timken Extreme Pressure Tester, described in detail in
Annex A1 and illustrated in Fig. 3.
4
6.2 Sample Fee
...

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5.1 The low-temperature, low-shear-rate viscosity of automatic transmission fluids, gear oils, torque and tractor fluids, and industrial and automotive hydraulic oils (see Appendix X4) are of considerable importance to the proper operation of many mechanical devices. Measurement of the viscometric properties of these oils and fluids at low temperatures is often used to specify their acceptance for service. This test method is used in a number of specifications.  
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Standard Test Method for Determination of Glycol for In-Service Engine Oils by Gas Chromatography

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Some glycol/antifreeze dilution of in-service engine oil is normal under typical operating conditions. However, excessive glycol dilution can lead to decreased performance, premature wear, or sudden engine failure. This test method provides a means of quantifying the level of glycol based antifreeze dilution, allowing the user to take necessary action.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of glycol based antifreeze for in-service engine oil by derivative headspace/gas chromatography.  
1.2 Sample is derivatized in-situ directly in a headspace sampling vial prior to vapor phase extraction and injection into a gas chromatograph.  
1.3 The chemistry of the derivatization is unique to the detection of the molecules of ethylene glycol and 1,2-propylene glycol. 1,3-propylene glycol could also be detected but is not used in any known anti-freeze at this time. Other coolant analyses are beyond the scope of this test method.  
1.4 The derivatization process does not affect glycol breakdown products such as glycolate and formate and hence the presence of these compounds in the oil will not be quantified.  
1.5 The test method concentration range is from 50 µg/g to 1000 µg/g. Lower levels are possible by method modifications. Higher levels are possible through sample dilution.  
1.6 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
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  • Standard
    8 pages
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ASTM
ASTM D7918-23(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Measurement of Flow Properties and Evaluation of Wear, Contaminants, and Oxidative Properties of Lubricating Grease by Die Extrusion Method and Preparation

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Trending the wear, contamination, consistency, and oxidative properties of a lubricating grease is a crucial part of condition-monitoring programs. Changes in these properties or deviations from the new grease can be indicative of problems within the lubricated component, such as the mixing of incompatible thickener types, excessive wear or contaminant levels, or significant depletion of antioxidant levels. These test methods also makes it possible to develop trends that can be used to predict failures before they occur and allow for corrective action to be taken.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination and evaluation of flow properties, wear levels, contaminants, and oxidative condition of new and in-service lubricating grease.  
1.2 This test method provides guidance on evaluating in-service grease samples, NLGI grades 00 to 3, for wear, consistency, contamination, and oxidation.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.3.1 Exception—The exception to this will be where units of references were developed by the developers of the test equipment and necessary to report the results of the test.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
    9 pages
    English language
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  • Standard
    9 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off