ASTM D3612-02

Standard Test Method for Analysis of Gases Dissolved in Electrical Insulating Oil by Gas Chromatography

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Oil and oil-immersed electrical insulation materials may decompose under the influence of thermal and electrical stresses, and in doing so, generate gaseous decomposition products of varying composition which dissolve in the oil. The nature and amount of the individual component gases that may be recovered and analyzed may be indicative of the type and degree of the abnormality responsible for the gas generation. The rate of gas generation and changes in concentration of specific gases over time are also used to evaluate the condition of the electric apparatus.
Note 1—Guidelines for the interpretation of gas-in-oil data are given in IEEE C57.104.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers three procedures for extraction and measurement of gases dissolved in electrical insulating oil having a viscosity of 20 cSt (100 SUS) or less at 40°C (104°F), and the identification and determination of the individual component gases extracted. Other methods have been used to perform this analysis.
1.2 The individual component gases that may be identified and determined include: Hydrogen—H2 Oxygen—O2 Nitrogen—N2 Carbon monoxide—CO Carbon dioxide—CO2 Methane—CH4 Ethane—C2H6 Ethylene—C2H4 Acetylene—C2H2 Propane—C3H8 Propylene—C3H6
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific warning statements see 6.1.8, 30.2.2 and 30.3.1.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 09-Oct-2002
• ICS: 29.040.10 - Insulating oils
• Technical Committee: D27 - Electrical Insulating Liquids and Gases
• Drafting Committee: D27.03 - Analytical Tests

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM D3612-01 - Standard Test Method for Analysis of Gases Dissolved in Electrical Insulating Oil by Gas Chromatography
• Effective Date: 10-Oct-2002
• Replaced By: ASTM D3612-02e1 - Standard Test Method for Analysis of Gases Dissolved in Electrical Insulating Oil by Gas Chromatography
• Effective Date: 10-Oct-2002
• Referred By: ASTM D7150-13(2020) - Standard Test Method for the Determination of Gassing Characteristics of Insulating Liquids Under Thermal Stress
• Effective Date: 10-Oct-2002
• Referred By: ASTM D5282-05(2020) - Standard Test Methods for Compatibility of Construction Material with Silicone Fluid Used for Electrical Insulation
• Effective Date: 10-Oct-2002
• Referred By: ASTM D8086-20 - Standard Test Method for Determination of Methanol and Ethanol in Electrical Insulating Liquids of Petroleum Origin by Headspace (HS)-Gas Chromatography (GC) Using Mass Spectrometry (MS) or Flame Ionization Detection (FID)
• Effective Date: 10-Oct-2002
• Referred By: ASTM D5837-15 - Standard Test Method for Furanic Compounds in Electrical Insulating Liquids by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)
• Effective Date: 10-Oct-2002
• Referred By: ASTM E800-20 - Standard Guide for Measurement of Gases Present or Generated During Fires
• Effective Date: 10-Oct-2002
• Referred By: ASTM D3284-05(2019) - Standard Practice for Combustible Gases in the Gas Space of Electrical Apparatus Using Portable Meters
• Effective Date: 10-Oct-2002
• Referred By: ASTM D117-22 - Standard Guide for Sampling, Test Methods, and Specifications for Electrical Insulating Liquids
• Effective Date: 10-Oct-2002
• Referred By: ASTM D923-15 - Standard Practices for Sampling Electrical Insulating Liquids
• Effective Date: 10-Oct-2002

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:D 3612–02
Standard Test Method for
Analysis of Gases Dissolved in Electrical Insulating Oil by
1
Gas Chromatography
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 3612; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope D2780 Test Method for Solubility of Fixed Gases in
3
Liquids
1.1 This test method covers three procedures for extraction
D3613 TestMethodsofSamplingElectricalInsulatingOils
and measurement of gases dissolved in electrical insulating oil
2
for Gas Analysis and Determination of Water Content
havingaviscosityof20cSt(100SUS)orlessat40°C(104°F),
D 4051 Practice for Preparation of Low-Pressure Gas
and the identification and determination of the individual
3
Blends
component gases extracted. Other methods have been used to
4
E260 Practice for Packed Column Gas Chromatography
perform this analysis.
2.2 IEEE Standard:
1.2 The individual component gases that may be identified
C57.104 GuidefortheInterpretationofGasesGeneratedin
and determined include:
5
Oil-Immersed Transformers
Hydrogen—H
2
2.3 IEC Standard:
Oxygen—O
2
Nitrogen—N
2 Publication No. 567 Guide for the Sampling of Gases and
Carbon monoxide—CO
of Oil from Oil-Filled Electrical Equipment and for the
Carbon dioxide—CO
2
6
Analysis of Free and Dissolved Gases
Methane—CH
4
Ethane—C H
2 6
Ethylene—C H
2 4 3. Terminology
Acetylene—C H
2 2
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
Propane—C H
3 8
Propylene—C H
3 6
3.1.1 gas content of oil by volume—in Method A, the total
volume of gases, corrected to 760 torr (101.325 kPa) and 0°C,
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
contained in a given volume of oil, expressed as a percentage.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
In Methods B and C, the sum of the individual gas concentra-
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
tionscorrectedto760torr(101.325kPa)and0°C,expressedin
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
percent or parts per million.
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific
3.1.2 headspace—a volume of gas phase in contact with a
warning statements see 6.1.8, 30.2.2 and 30.3.1.
volume of oil in a closed vessel.The vessel is a headspace vial
2. Referenced Documents
of 20-mL nominal capacity.
3.1.2.1 Discussion—Other vessel volumes may also be
2.1 ASTM Standards:
used, but the analytical performance may be somewhat differ-
D2140 Test Method for Carbon-Type Composition of In-
2
ent than that specified in Method C.
sulating Oils of Petroleum Origin
3.1.3 parts per million (ppm) by volume of (specific gas) in
D2300 Test Method for Gassing of Insulating Oils Under
2
oil—thevolumeofthatgascorrectedto760torr(101.325kPa)
Electrical Stress and Ionization Modified Pirelli Method
6
and 0°C, contained in 10 volume of oil.
D2779 Test Method for Estimation of Solubility of Gases
3
3.1.4 sparging, v—agitatingtheliquidsampleusingagasto
in Petroleum Liquids
strip other gases free.
3.1.5 volume concentration of (specific gas) in the gas
1
sample—the volume of the specific gas contained in a given
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D27 on
Electrical Insulating Liquids and Gases and is the direct responsibility of Subcom-
volumeofthegassampleatthesametemperatureandpressure
mittee D27.03 on Analytical Tests.
Current edition approved Oct. 10, 2002. Published December 2002. Originally
4
approved in 1977. Last previous edition approved in 2001 as D3612–01. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.02.
2 5
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 10.03. Available from IEEE, 345 E. 47th St., New York, NY 10017.
3 6
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 05.02. Available from IEC.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

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D 3612–02
NOTE 2—Thissamplesizehasbeenfoundtobesufficientformostoils.
(as the measured total volume), expressed either as a percent-
However, oil that has had only limited exposure to air may contain much
age or in parts per million.
smalleramountsofnitrogenandoxygen.Fortheseoilsitmaybedesirable
to increase the size of the sample and the extraction apparatus.
4. Summary of Test Method
NOTE 3—Alternative apparatus designs including the use of a Toepler
pump have also been found successful.
4.1 MethodA—Dissolvedgasesareextractedfromasample
of oil by introduction of the oil sample into a pre-evacuated
6.1.1 Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) Tubing, narrow-bore,
known volume. The evolved gases are compressed to atmo-
terminatedwith
...