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ASTM E1742-00

(Practice)

Standard Practice for Radiographic Examination

Standard Practice for Radiographic Examination

SCOPE
1.1 This practice establishes the minimum requirements for radiographic examination for metallic and nonmetallic materials.  
1.2 Applicability -The criteria for the radiographic examination in this practice are applicable to all types of metallic and nonmetallic materials. The requirements expressed in this practice are intended to control the quality of the radiographic images and are not intended to establish acceptance criteria for parts and materials.  
1.3  Basis of Application -There are areas in this practice that may require agreement between the cognizant engineering organization and the supplier, or specific direction from the cognizant engineering organization. These items should be addressed in the purchase order or the contract.
1.3.1 DoD contracts, 2.10.  
1.3.2 Personnel qualification, 5.1.1.  
1.3.3 Agency qualification, 5.1.2.  
1.3.4 Digitizing techniques, 5.4.5.  
1.3.5 Alternate image quality indicator (IQI) types, 5.5.3.  
1.3.6 Examination sequence, 6.6.  
1.3.7 Non-film techniques, 6.7.  
1.3.8 Radiographic quality levels, 6.9.  
1.3.9 Film density, 6.10.  
1.3.10 IQI qualification exposure, 6.13.3.  
1.3.11 Non-requirement for IQI, 6.18.4.  
1.3.12 Examination coverage for welds, A2.2.2.  
1.3.13 Electron beam welds, A2.3.  
1.3.14 Geometric unsharpness, 6.23.  
1.3.15 Responsibility for examination, 6.27.1.  
1.3.16 Examination report, 6.27.2.  
1.3.17 Retention of radiographs, 6.27.8.  
1.3.18 Storage of radiographs, 6.27.9.  
1.3.19 Reproduction of radiographs, 6.27.10 and 6.27.10.1.  
1.3.20 Acceptable parts, 6.28.1.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
09-Jul-2000
ICS
19.100 - Non-destructive testing
77.040.20 - Non-destructive testing of metals
Technical Committee
E07 - Nondestructive Testing
Drafting Committee
E07.01 - Radiology (X and Gamma) Method
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaced By
ASTM E1742-05 - Standard Practice for Radiographic Examination
Effective Date
01-Mar-2005
Referred By
ASTM F3607-22 - Standard Specification for Additive Manufacturing – Finished Part Properties – Maraging Steel via Powder Bed Fusion
Effective Date
10-Jul-2000
Referred By
ASTM E592-20 - Standard Guide to Obtainable ASTM Equivalent Penetrameter Sensitivity for Film Radiography of Steel Plates <fraction><num>1</num><den>4 </den> </fraction> to 2 in. (6 to 51 mm) Thick with X-Rays and 1 to 6 in. (25 to 152 mm) Thick with <brk/>Cobalt-60
Effective Date
10-Jul-2000
Referred By
ASTM E1734-23 - Standard Practice for Radioscopic Examination of Castings
Effective Date
10-Jul-2000
Referred By
ASTM E1000-16 - Standard Guide for Radioscopy
Effective Date
10-Jul-2000
Referred By
ASTM E2662-15(2022) - Standard Practice for Radiographic Examination of Flat Panel Composites and Sandwich Core Materials Used in Aerospace Applications
Effective Date
10-Jul-2000
Referred By
ASTM E1416-23 - Standard Practice for Radioscopic Examination of Weldments
Effective Date
10-Jul-2000
Referred By
ASTM F3184-16 - Standard Specification for Additive Manufacturing Stainless Steel Alloy (UNS S31603) with Powder Bed Fusion
Effective Date
10-Jul-2000
Referred By
ASTM E1647-16(2022) - Standard Practice for Determining Contrast Sensitivity in Radiology
Effective Date
10-Jul-2000
Referred By
ASTM F3554-22 - Standard Specification for Additive Manufacturing – Finished Part Properties – Grade 4340 (UNS G43400) via Laser Beam Powder Bed Fusion for Transportation Applications
Effective Date
10-Jul-2000
Referred By
ASTM E1475-13(2023) - Standard Guide for Data Fields for Computerized Transfer of Digital Radiological Examination Data
Effective Date
10-Jul-2000
Referred By
ASTM E1165-20 - Standard Test Method for Measurement of Focal Spots of Industrial X-Ray Tubes by Pinhole Imaging
Effective Date
10-Jul-2000
Referred By
ASTM E543-21 - Standard Specification for Agencies Performing Nondestructive Testing
Effective Date
10-Jul-2000
Referred By
ASTM E2033-17 - Standard Practice for Radiographic Examination Using Computed Radiography (Photostimulable Luminescence Method)
Effective Date
10-Jul-2000
Referred By
ASTM E1255-16 - Standard Practice for Radioscopy
Effective Date
10-Jul-2000

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ASTM E1742-00 - Standard Practice for Radiographic ExaminationASTM E1742-00 - Standard Practice for Radiographic Examination
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ASTM E1742-00 - Standard Practice for Radiographic Examination
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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:E1742–00
Standard Practice for
1
Radiographic Examination
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E1742; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
2 safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
1.1 Thispractice establishestheminimumrequirementsfor
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
radiographic examination for metallic and nonmetallic materi-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
als.
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.2 Applicability—The criteria for the radiographic exami-
nationinthispracticeareapplicabletoalltypesofmetallicand
2. Referenced Documents
nonmetallic materials. The requirements expressed in this
2.1 The following documents form a part of this practice to
practice are intended to control the quality of the radiographic
the extent specified herein:
imagesandarenotintendedtoestablishacceptancecriteriafor
2.2 ASTM Standards:
parts and materials.
E543 Practice for Agencies Performing Nondestructive
1.3 Basis of Application—There are areas in this practice
3
Testing
thatmayrequireagreementbetweenthecognizantengineering
E 747 Practice for Design, Manufacture, and Material
organization and the supplier, or specific direction from the
Grouping Classification of Wire Image Quality Indicators
cognizant engineering organization. These items should be
3
(IQI) Used for Radiology
addressed in the purchase order or the contract.
E801 Practice for Controlling Quality of Radiological Ex-
1.3.1 DoD contracts, .
3
amination of Electronic Devices
1.3.2 Personnel qualification, 5.1.1.
E999 Guide for Controlling the Quality of Industrial Ra-
1.3.3 Agency qualification, 5.1.2.
3
diographic Film Processing
1.3.4 Digitizing techniques, 5.4.5.
E1025 Practice for Design, Manufacturer, and Material
1.3.5 Alternate image quality indicator (IQI) types, 5.5.3.
Grouping Classification of Hole-Type Image Quality Indi-
1.3.6 Examination sequence, 6.6.
3
cators (IQI) Used for Radiology
1.3.7 Non-film techniques, 6.7.
E1030 Test Method for Radiographic Examination of Me-
1.3.8 Radiographic quality levels, 6.9.
3
tallic Castings
1.3.9 Film density, 6.10.
E1032 Test Method for Radiographic Examination of
1.3.10 IQI qualification exposure, 6.13.3.
3
Weldments
1.3.11 Non-requirement for IQI, 6.18.4.
E1079 Practice for Calibration of Transmission Densitom-
1.3.12 Examination coverage for welds, A2.2.2.
3
eters
1.3.13 Electron beam welds, A2.3.
E1165 Test Method for Measurement of Focal Spots of
1.3.14 Geometric unsharpness, 6.23.
3
Industrial X-Ray Tubes by Pinhole Imaging
1.3.15 Responsibility for examination, 6.27.1.
E1254 Guide for Storage of Radiographs and Unexposed
1.3.16 Examination report, 6.27.2.
3
Industrial Radiographic Film
1.3.17 Retention of radiographs, 6.27.8.
3
E1255 Practice for Radioscopy
1.3.18 Storage of radiographs, 6.27.9.
3
E1316 Terminology for Nondestructive Examinations
1.3.19 Reproduction of radiographs, 6.27.10 and 6.27.10.1.
E1390 Guide for Illuminators Used for Viewing Industrial
1.3.20 Acceptable parts, 6.28.1.
3
Radiographs
3
E1411 Practice for Qualification of Radioscopic Systems
E1416 Test Method for Radioscopic Examination ofWeld-
1
3
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E07 on Nonde-
ments
structive Testing and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E07.01 on
Radiology (X and Gamma) Method.
Current edition approved July 10, 2000. Published September 2000. Originally
published as E1742–95. Last previous edition E1742–95.
2 3
This practice replaced MIL-STD-453. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 03.03.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
E1742–00
E1815 Test Method for Classification of Film Systems, for 3.2.1 cognizant engineering organization—the company,
3
Industrial Radiography government agency, or other authority responsible for the
2.3 AWS Document: design, or end use, of the system or component for which
AWS A2.4 Symbols for Welding and Nondestructive Test- radiographic examination is required. This, in addition to
4
ing design personnel, may include personnel from engineering,
2.4 Aerospace Industries Association Document: material and process engineering, stress analysis, NDT, or
NAS 410 Certification & Qualification of Nondestructive quality groups and others, as appropriate.
5
Test Personnel 3.2.2 component—the part(s) or element of a system, as-
2.5 ASN
...

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5.1 The use of RQIs is a significant departure from normal practice in industrial radiology because it is not a standard design and is dependent on the application, material, and process and therefore cannot be a simple plaque or wire. The use of an RQI provides documented evidence that radiologic images have the level of quality necessary to reveal those nonconformances for which the parts are being examined by ensuring adequate spatial resolution and contrast sensitivity in the areas of interest.  
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4.1 An electrical pulse is applied to a piezoelectric transducer which converts electrical to mechanical energy. In the angle-beam search unit, the piezoelectric element is generally a thickness expander which creates compressions and rarefactions. This longitudinal (compressional) wave travels through a wedge (generally a plastic). The angle between transducer face and the examination face of the wedge is equal to the angle between the normal (perpendicular) to the examination surface and the incident beam. Fig. 1 shows the incident angle φi, and the refracted angle φr, of the ultrasonic beam.
FIG. 1 Refraction  
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FIG. 2 Mode of Vibration  
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ASTM E1629-12(2020)(Practice)
Standard Practice for Determining the Impedance of Absolute Eddy-Current Probes

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Eddy-current probes may be used for the nondestructive examination of parts or structures made of electrically conducting materials. Many of these examinations are intended to discover material defects, such as cracks, that may cause the part or structure to be unsafe or unfit for service. Eddy-current probes that fail to meet the performance level requirements of this practice shall not be used for the examination of material or hardware unless the probe is qualified by some other system or an agreement has been reached by the probe manufacturer and the purchaser, or both.
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1.3.11 Non-requirement for IQI, 6.18.  
1.3.12 Examination coverage for welds, A2.2.2.  
1.3.13 Electron beam welds, A2.3.  
1.3.14 Geometric unsharpness, 6.23.  
1.3.15 Responsibility for examination, 6.27.1.  
1.3.16 Examination report, 6.27.2.  
1.3.17 Retention of radiographs, 6.27.8.  
1.3.18 Storage of radiographs, 6.27.9.  
1.3.19 Reproduction of radiographs, 6.27.10 and 6.27.10.1.  
1.3.20 Acceptable parts, 6.28.1.  
1.4 Units—The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.  
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This test method provides a relative means for classification of film systems used for industrial radiography. The film system consists of the film and associated processing system (the type of processing and processing chemistry). Section 9 describes specific parameters used for this test method. In general, the classification for hard X-rays, as described in Section 9, can be transferred to other radiation energies and metallic screen types, as well as screens without films. The usage of film system parameters outside the energy ranges specified may result in changes to a film/system performance classification.  
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1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
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SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the radiological examination of unique materials or processes, or both, for which conventionally designed image quality indicators (IQIs), such as those described in Practices E747 and E1025, may be inadequate in controlling the quality and repeatability of the radiological image.  
1.2 Where appropriate, representative image quality indicators (RQIs) may also represent criteria levels of the acceptance or rejection of images of discontinuities.  
1.3 This practice is applicable to most radiological methods of examination.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM E587-15(2020)(Practice)
Standard Practice for Ultrasonic Angle-Beam Contact Testing

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 An electrical pulse is applied to a piezoelectric transducer which converts electrical to mechanical energy. In the angle-beam search unit, the piezoelectric element is generally a thickness expander which creates compressions and rarefactions. This longitudinal (compressional) wave travels through a wedge (generally a plastic). The angle between transducer face and the examination face of the wedge is equal to the angle between the normal (perpendicular) to the examination surface and the incident beam. Fig. 1 shows the incident angle φi, and the refracted angle φr, of the ultrasonic beam.
FIG. 1 Refraction  
4.2 When the examination face of the angle-beam search unit is coupled to a material, ultrasonic waves may travel in the material. As shown in Fig. 2, the angle in the material (measured from the normal to the examination surface) and mode of vibration are dependent on the wedge angle, the ultrasonic velocity in the wedge, and the velocity of the wave in the examined material. When the material is thicker than a few wavelengths, the waves traveling in the material may be longitudinal and shear, shear alone, shear and Rayleigh, or Rayleigh alone. Total reflection may occur at the interface. (Refer to Fig. 3.) In thin materials (up to a few wavelengths thick), the waves from the angle-beam search unit traveling in the material may propagate in different Lamb wave modes.
FIG. 2 Mode of Vibration  
FIG. 3 Effective Angles in the Steel versus Wedge Angles in Acrylic Plastic  
4.3 All ultrasonic modes of vibration may be used for angle-beam examination of material. The material forms and the probable flaw locations and orientations determine selection of beam directions and modes of vibration. The use of angle beams and the selection of the proper wave mode presuppose a knowledge of the geometry of the object; the probable location, size, orientation, and reflectivity of the expected flaws; and the laws of physics governing the propagation of ultrasonic...
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers ultrasonic examination of materials by the pulse-echo technique, using continuous coupling of angular incident ultrasonic vibrations.  
1.2 This practice shall be applicable to development of an examination procedure agreed upon by the users of the practice.  
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM E1629-12(2020)(Practice)
Standard Practice for Determining the Impedance of Absolute Eddy-Current Probes

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Eddy-current probes may be used for the nondestructive examination of parts or structures made of electrically conducting materials. Many of these examinations are intended to discover material defects, such as cracks, that may cause the part or structure to be unsafe or unfit for service. Eddy-current probes that fail to meet the performance level requirements of this practice shall not be used for the examination of material or hardware unless the probe is qualified by some other system or an agreement has been reached by the probe manufacturer and the purchaser, or both.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers a procedure for determining the impedance of absolute eddy-current probes (bridge-type, air or ferrite core, wire wound, shielded, or unshielded) used for finding material defects in electrically conducting material. This practice is intended to establish a uniform methodology to measure the impedance of eddy-current probes prior to receipt of these probes by the purchaser or the specifier.  
1.2 Limitations—This practice does not address the characterization or measurement of the impedance of differential, a-c coupled, or transmit/receive types of probes. This practice does not address the use of magnetic materials in examination probes. This practice shall not be used as a basis for selection of the best probe for a particular application or as a means by which to calibrate or standardize a probe for a specific examination. This practice does not address differences in the impedance values that can be obtained when the probe and material are in relative motion, as in a rotating probe, since the procedure described here requires the probe and material to be stationary.  
1.3 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to inch-pound units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM E1742/E1742M-18(Practice)
Standard Practice for Radiographic Examination

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This practice establishes the basic parameters for the application and control of the radiographic method. This practice is written so it can be specified on the engineering drawing, specification, or contract. It is not a detailed how-to procedure to be used by the NDT facility and, therefore, must be supplemented by a detailed procedure (see 6.1). Test Methods E1030, E1032, and E1416 contain information to help develop detailed technique/procedure requirements.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice2 establishes the minimum requirements for radiographic examination for metallic and nonmetallic materials.  
1.2 Applicability—The criteria for the radiographic examination in this practice are applicable to all types of metallic and nonmetallic materials. The requirements expressed in this practice are intended to control the quality of the radiographic images and are not intended to establish acceptance criteria for parts and materials.  
1.3 Basis of Application—There are areas in this practice that may require agreement between the cognizant engineering organization and the supplier, or specific direction from the cognizant engineering organization. These items should be addressed in the purchase order or the contract.  
1.3.1 DoD contracts.  
1.3.2 Personnel qualification, 5.1.1.  
1.3.3 Agency qualification, 5.1.2.  
1.3.4 Digitizing techniques, 5.4.5.  
1.3.5 Alternate image quality indicator (IQI) types, 5.5.3.  
1.3.6 Examination sequence, 6.6.  
1.3.7 Non-film techniques, 6.7.  
1.3.8 Radiographic quality levels, 6.9.  
1.3.9 Optical density, 6.10.  
1.3.10 IQI qualification exposure, 6.13.3.  
1.3.11 Non-requirement for IQI, 6.18.  
1.3.12 Examination coverage for welds, A2.2.2.  
1.3.13 Electron beam welds, A2.3.  
1.3.14 Geometric unsharpness, 6.23.  
1.3.15 Responsibility for examination, 6.27.1.  
1.3.16 Examination report, 6.27.2.  
1.3.17 Retention of radiographs, 6.27.8.  
1.3.18 Storage of radiographs, 6.27.9.  
1.3.19 Reproduction of radiographs, 6.27.10 and 6.27.10.1.  
1.3.20 Acceptable parts, 6.28.1.  
1.4 Units—The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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  • Standard
    17 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off