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ASTM C692-06

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Evaluating the Influence of Thermal Insulations on External Stress Corrosion Cracking Tendency of Austenitic Stainless Steel

Standard Test Method for Evaluating the Influence of Thermal Insulations on External Stress Corrosion Cracking Tendency of Austenitic Stainless Steel

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
An inherent characteristic of some alloys of austenitic stainless steel is their tendency to crack at stress points when exposed to certain corrosive environments. The mechanisms of ESCC are complex and not completely understood but are apparently related to certain metallurgical properties. Chloride ions concentrated at a stress point will catalyze crack formation. It has been reported that other halide ions do not promote ESCC to the same degree as does chloride using the test technology of Test Method C 692 (drip test).3  
Chlorides are common to many environments, so great care shall be taken to protect austenitic stainless steel from chloride contamination.  
Most thermal insulations will not, of themselves, cause stress corrosion cracking as shown by qualification tests. When exposed to elevated-temperature (boiling point range), environments containing chlorides, moisture, and oxygen, however, some insulation systems act as collecting media, transmigrating and concentrating chlorides on heated stainless steel surfaces. If moisture is not present, the chloride salts cannot migrate, and stress corrosion cracking because of chloride-contaminated insulation cannot take place.
Insulation materials are available that are specially formulated to inhibit stress corrosion cracking in the presence of chlorides through modifications in basic composition or incorporation of certain chemical additives.
The ability of the 28-day test to measure the corrosion potential of insulation materials is documented by Karnes,4 whose data appear to have been used for construction of the acceptability curve used in Specification C 795 and other specifications.
The metal for all of the coupons used in this test method (C 692) shall be qualified (see Section 13) to ascertain that under conditions of the test, chloride ions will cause the metal to crack, and deionized water alone will not cause cracks.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers two procedures for the laboratory evaluation of thermal insulation materials to determine whether they contribute to external stress corrosion cracking (ESCC) of austenitic stainless steel due to soluble chlorides within the insulation. This laboratory procedure is not intended to cover all of the possible field conditions that contribute to ESCC.
1.2 While the 1977 edition of this test method (Dana test) is applicable only to wicking-type insulations, the procedures in this edition are intended to be applicable to all insulating materials, including cements, some of which disintegrate when tested in accordance with the 1977 edition. Wicking insulations are materials that wet through and through when partially (50 to 75 %) immersed in water for a short period of time (10 min or less).
1.3 These procedures are intended primarily as a preproduction test for qualification of the basic chemical composition of a particular manufacturer's product and are not intended to be routine tests for ongoing quality assurance or production lot compliance. Test Methods C 871, on the other hand, is used for confirmation of acceptable chemical properties of subsequent lots of insulation previously found acceptable by this test method.
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
31-Mar-2006
ICS
77.060 - Corrosion of metals
Technical Committee
C16 - Thermal Insulation
Drafting Committee
C16.31 - Chemical and Physical Properties
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM C692-05 - Standard Test Method for Evaluating the Influence of Thermal Insulations on External Stress Corrosion Cracking Tendency of Austenitic Stainless Steel
Effective Date
01-Apr-2006
Replaced By
ASTM C692-08 - Standard Test Method for Evaluating the Influence of Thermal Insulations on External Stress Corrosion Cracking Tendency of Austenitic Stainless Steel
Effective Date
01-Oct-2008
Referred By
ASTM C1617-19 - Standard Practice for Quantitative Accelerated Laboratory Evaluation of Extraction Solutions Containing Ions Leached from Thermal Insulation on Aqueous Corrosion of Metals
Effective Date
01-Apr-2006
Referred By
ASTM C552-22 - Standard Specification for Cellular Glass Thermal Insulation
Effective Date
01-Apr-2006
Referred By
ASTM C871-18(2023) - Standard Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Thermal Insulation Materials for Leachable Chloride, Fluoride, Silicate, and Sodium Ions
Effective Date
01-Apr-2006
Referred By
ASTM C795-08(2023) - Standard Specification for Thermal Insulation for Use in Contact with Austenitic Stainless Steel
Effective Date
01-Apr-2006
Referred By
ASTM C534/C534M-23 - Standard Specification for Preformed Flexible Elastomeric Cellular Thermal Insulation in Sheet and Tubular Form
Effective Date
01-Apr-2006
Referred By
ASTM C929-14(2019) - Standard Practice for Handling, Transporting, Shipping, Storage, Receiving, and Application of Thermal Insulation Materials For Use in Contact with Austenitic Stainless Steel
Effective Date
01-Apr-2006
Referred By
ASTM C1696-20 - Standard Guide for Industrial Thermal Insulation Systems
Effective Date
01-Apr-2006

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ASTM C692-06 - Standard Test Method for Evaluating the Influence of Thermal Insulations on External Stress Corrosion Cracking Tendency of Austenitic Stainless SteelASTM C692-06 - Standard Test Method for Evaluating the Influence of Thermal Insulations on External Stress Corrosion Cracking Tendency of Austenitic Stainless Steel
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ASTM C692-06 - Standard Test Method for Evaluating the Influence of Thermal Insulations on External Stress Corrosion Cracking Tendency of Austenitic Stainless Steel
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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: C 692 – 06
Standard Test Method for
Evaluating the Influence of Thermal Insulations on External
Stress Corrosion Cracking Tendency of Austenitic Stainless
1
Steel
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C692; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
2
1.1 This test method covers two procedures for the labora- 2.1 ASTM Standards:
tory evaluation of thermal insulation materials to determine A 240/A 240M Specification for Chromium and
whether they contribute to external stress corrosion cracking Chromium-Nickel Stainless Steel Plate, Sheet, and Strip
(ESCC) of austenitic stainless steel due to soluble chlorides for Pressure Vessels and for General Applications
withintheinsulation.Thislaboratoryprocedureisnotintended A370 TestMethodsandDefinitionsforMechanicalTesting
to cover all of the possible field conditions that contribute to of Steel Products
ESCC. C795 Specification for Thermal Insulation for Use in Con-
1.2 Whilethe1977editionofthistestmethod(Danatest)is tact with Austenitic Stainless Steel
applicable only to wicking-type insulations, the procedures in C871 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Thermal
this edition are intended to be applicable to all insulating Insulation Materials for Leachable Chloride, Fluoride,
materials,includingcements,someofwhichdisintegratewhen Silicate, and Sodium Ions
testedinaccordancewiththe1977edition.Wickinginsulations G30 Practice for Making and Using U-Bend Stress-
are materials that wet through and through when partially (50 Corrosion Test Specimens
to 75%) immersed in water for a short period of time (10 min
3. Summary of Test Method
or less).
3.1 The procedures in this test method consist of using a
1.3 Theseproceduresareintendedprimarilyasapreproduc-
tion test for qualification of the basic chemical composition of specimenofinsulationtoconductdistilled(ordeionized)water
a particular manufacturer’s product and are not intended to be by wicking or dripping to an outside surface, through the
insulation, to a hot inner surface of stressedType 304 stainless
routine tests for ongoing quality assurance or production lot
compliance.TestMethodsC871,ontheotherhand,isusedfor steelforaperiodof28days.Ifleachablechloridesarepresent,
they are carried along with the water and concentrated at the
confirmation of acceptable chemical properties of subsequent
lots of insulation previously found acceptable by this test hot surface by evaporation in much the same way as has been
experienced in actual industrial process situations.
method.
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded 3.2 Exposed stainless steel coupons are examined visually,
and under 10 to 303 magnification, if necessary, to detect
as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for
information only. ESCC after the prescribed period of exposure.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
4. Significance and Use
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
4.1 An inherent characteristic of some alloys of austenitic
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
stainless steel is their tendency to crack at stress points when
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
exposedtocertaincorrosiveenvironments.Themechanismsof
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
ESCC are complex and not completely understood but are
1
ThistestmethodisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeC16onThermal
2
InsulationandisthedirectresponsibilityofSubcommitteeC16.31onChemicaland For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Physical Properties. contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Current edition approved April 1, 2006. Published May 2006. Originally Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
approved in 1971. Last previous edition approved 2005 as C692–05. the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
C692–06
apparently related to certain metallurgical properties. Chloride between two sections of insulation. Wetting the mating faces
ions concentrated at a stress point will catalyze crack forma- on the two half sections facilitates water wicking down to the
tion. It has been reported that other halide ions do not promote coupon surface.
ESCC to the same degree as does chloride using the test 5.4 Adhesives are tested by gluing together a test block of
3
t
...

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Note 1: The following ASTM standards are not requirements. They are reference for information only: Practice B537, Specification B456, Test Method B602, and Specification B604.  
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1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
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3.1 Electrochemical corrosion rate measurements often provide results in terms of electrical current. Although the conversion of these current values into mass loss rates or penetration rates is based on Faraday’s Law, the calculations can be complicated for alloys and metals with elements having multiple valence values. This practice is intended to provide guidance in calculating mass loss and penetration rates for such alloys. Some typical values of equivalent weights for a variety of metals and alloys are provided.  
3.2 Electrochemical corrosion rate measurements may provide results in terms of electrical resistance. The conversion of these results to either mass loss or penetration rates requires additional electrochemical information. Some approaches for estimating this information are given.  
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1.4 The purpose of this terminology is to encourage uniformity and accuracy in the description of test methods and devices and in the reporting of test results in relation to wear and erosion.
Note 1: All terms are listed alphabetically. When a subsidiary term is defined in conjunction with the definition of a more generic term, an alphabetically-listed cross-reference is provided.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

  • Standard
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    English language
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  • Standard
    9 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off