ASTM D6071-13
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Low Level Sodium in High Purity Water by Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy
Standard Test Method for Low Level Sodium in High Purity Water by Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Small quantities of sodium, 1 to 10 μg/L, can be significant in high pressure boiler systems and in nuclear power systems. Steam condensate from such systems must have less than 10 μg/L. In addition, condensate polishing system effluents should have less than 1 μg/L. Graphite furnace atomic absorption spectroscopy (GFAAS) represents technique for determining low concentrations of sodium.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of trace sodium in high purity water. The method range of concentration is 1 to 40 μg/L sodium. The analyst may extend the range once its applicability has been ascertained. Note 1—It is necessary to perform replicate analysis and take an average to accurately determine values at the lower end of the stated range.
1.2 This test method is a graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrophotometric method for the determination of trace sodium impurities in ultra high purity water.
1.3 This test method has been used successfully with a high purity water matrix.2 It is the responsibility of the analyst to determine the suitability of the test method for other matrices.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
General Information
Relations
Buy Standard
Standards Content (Sample)
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D6071 − 13
StandardTest Method for
Low Level Sodium in High Purity Water by Graphite Furnace
1
Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6071; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* D3370 Practices for Sampling Water from Closed Conduits
D3919 Practice for Measuring Trace Elements in Water by
1.1 This test method covers the determination of trace
Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry
sodium in high purity water. The method range of concentra-
D4453 Practice for Handling of High Purity Water Samples
tion is 1 to 40 µg/L sodium. The analyst may extend the range
D5810 Guide for Spiking into Aqueous Samples
once its applicability has been ascertained.
D5847 Practice for Writing Quality Control Specifications
NOTE 1—It is necessary to perform replicate analysis and take an
for Standard Test Methods for Water Analysis
average to accurately determine values at the lower end of the stated
range.
3. Terminology
1.2 This test method is a graphite furnace atomic absorption
3.1 Definitions:
spectrophotometric method for the determination of trace
3.1.1 For definitions of terms used in this test method, refer
sodium impurities in ultra high purity water.
to Terminology D1129.
1.3 This test method has been used successfully with a high
2
purity water matrix. It is the responsibility of the analyst to
4. Summary of Test Method
determine the suitability of the test method for other matrices.
4.1 Sodium is determined by atomic absorption utilizing a
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
graphite furnace for sample atomization.
standard.
4.2 Asamplevolumeofseveralmicrolitres,dependingupon
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
theconcentrationoftheanalyte,isdepositedona graphitetube
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
housed within an electrical furnace, and the system is heated in
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
an inert gas environment.The sample is evaporated to dryness,
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
ashed (charred or pyrolyzed), and atomized.
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
4.3 Ground-stateatomsareproducedduringtheatomization
2. Referenced Documents
stage of the temperature program. The ground-state atoms
2.1 ASTM Standards: absorb the energy at a specific wavelength produced from a
D1066 Practice for Sampling Steam source as they are bombarded by the energy. The amount of
D1129 Terminology Relating to Water energy absorbed is proportional to the concentration of the
D1192 Guide for Equipment for Sampling Water and Steam analyte in the sample.
3
in Closed Conduits (Withdrawn 2003)
4.4 The absorption signal produced during atomization is
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
recorded on a chart recorder or stored in microprocessor
D2777 Practice for Determination of Precision and Bias of
memory and compared to those standards taken through the
Applicable Test Methods of Committee D19 on Water
same process by means of an analytical curve.
4.5 A general guide for graphite furnace applications is
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D19 on Water
given in Practice D3919.
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D19.03 on Sampling Water and
Water-Formed Deposits, Analysis of Water for Power Generation and Process Use,
On-Line Water Analysis, and Surveillance of Water.
5. Significance and Use
Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2013. Published February 2013. Originally
5.1 Small quantities of sodium, 1 to 10 µg/L, can be
approved in 1996. Last previous edition approved in 2006 as D6071 –06. DOI:
10.1520/D6071-13.
significantinhighpressureboilersystemsandinnuclearpower
2
RP2712 Sub Program—Grab Sample Method Validation Report Results,
systems. Steam condensate from such systems must have less
Electric Power Research Institute, Palo Alto, CA 1987.
3
than 10 µg/L. In addition, condensate polishing system efflu-
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
www.astm.org. ents should have less than 1 µg/L. Graphite furnace atomic
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D6071 − 13
absorption spectroscopy (GFAAS) represents technique for 8. Reagents and Materials
determining low concentrations of sodium.
8.1 Purity of Reagents—Reagent grade chemicals shall
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D6071 − 06 D6071 − 13
Standard Test Method for
Low Level Sodium in High Purity Water by Graphite Furnace
1
Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6071; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method covers the determination of trace sodium in high purity water. The method range of concentration is 1 to
40 μg/L sodium. The analyst may extend the range once its applicability has been ascertained.
NOTE 1—It is necessary to perform replicate analysis and take an average to accurately determine values at the lower end of the stated range.
1.2 This test method is a graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrophotometric method for the determination of trace sodium
impurities in ultra high purity water.
2
1.3 This test method has been used successfully with a high purity water matrix. It is the responsibility of the analyst to
determine the suitability of the test method for other matrices.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D1066 Practice for Sampling Steam
D1129 Terminology Relating to Water
3
D1192 Guide for Equipment for Sampling Water and Steam in Closed Conduits (Withdrawn 2003)
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
D2777 Practice for Determination of Precision and Bias of Applicable Test Methods of Committee D19 on Water
D3370 Practices for Sampling Water from Closed Conduits
D3919 Practice for Measuring Trace Elements in Water by Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry
D4453 Practice for Handling of High Purity Water Samples
D5810 Guide for Spiking into Aqueous Samples
D5847 Practice for Writing Quality Control Specifications for Standard Test Methods for Water Analysis
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 For definitions of terms used in this test method, refer to Terminology D1129.
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 Sodium is determined by atomic absorption utilizing a graphite furnace for sample atomization.
4.2 A sample volume of several microlitres, depending upon the concentration of the analyte, is deposited on a graphite tube
housed within an electrical furnace, and the system is heated in an inert gas environment. The sample is evaporated to dryness,
ashed (charred or pyrolyzed), and atomized.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D19 on Water and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D19.03 on Sampling Water and
Water-Formed Deposits, Analysis of Water for Power Generation and Process Use, On-Line Water Analysis, and Surveillance of Water.
Current edition approved July 1, 2006Jan. 1, 2013. Published July 2006February 2013. Originally approved in 1996. Last previous edition approved in 20002006 as
D6071 – 96D6071 (2000). –06. DOI: 10.1520/D6071-06.10.1520/D6071-13.
2
RP2712 Sub Program—Grab Sample Method Validation Report Results, Electric Power Research Institute, Palo Alto, CA 1987.
3
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.astm.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D6071 − 13
4.3 Ground-state atoms are produced during the atomization stage of the temperature program. The ground-state atoms absorb
the energy at a specific wavelength produced from a source as they are bombarded by the energy. The amount of energy absorbed
is proportional to the concentration of the analyte in the sample.
4.4 The absorption signal produced during atomization is recorded on a chart recorder or stored in microprocessor memory and
compared to those standards taken through the same process by means of an analytical curve.
4.5 A general guide for graphite furnace applications is given in Practice D3919.
5. Significance and Use
5.1 Small quantities of sodium, 1 to 10 μg/L, can be significant in high pressure boiler systems a
...
Questions, Comments and Discussion
Ask us and Technical Secretary will try to provide an answer. You can facilitate discussion about the standard in here.