ASTM D5222-08
(Specification)Standard Specification for High Fire-Point Mineral Electrical Insulating Oils
Standard Specification for High Fire-Point Mineral Electrical Insulating Oils
ABSTRACT
This specification describes a high fire-point mineral oil based electrical insulating fluid, for use as a dielectric and cooling medium in new and existing power and distribution electrical apparatus, such as transformers and switchgear. The material discussed here is miscible with other petroleum based insulating oils, and may not be miscible with electrical insulating liquids of non-petroleum origin. The insulating oils shall be compatible with typical material of construction of existing apparatus and will satisfactorily maintain its functional characteristic in its application. This specification applies only to new insulating material oil as received prior to any processing. Sampled specimens shall undergo appropriate tests, and shall conform correspondingly to specified physical (appearance upon visual examination, color in ASTM units, fire point, flash point, aniline point, interfacial tension, pour point, relative density, and kinematic viscosity), electrical (dielectric breakdown voltage, gassing tendency, and dissipation factor), and chemical (corrosion behavior against sulfur, inorganic chlorides and sulfates content, acid number, water content, oxidation stability, oxidation inhibitor content, and PCB content) property requirements.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification describes a high fire-point mineral oil based insulating fluid, for use as a dielectric and cooling medium in new and existing power and distribution electrical apparatus, such as transformers and switchgear.
1.2 High fire-point insulating oil differs from conventional mineral insulating oil by possessing a fire-point of at least 300°C. High fire-point mineral insulating oils are also referred to as “less flammable” mineral insulating oils.This property is necessary in order to comply with certain application requirements of the National Electrical Code (Article 450-23) or other agencies. The material discussed in this specification is miscible with other petroleum based insulating oils. Mixing high fire-point liquids with lower fire point hydrocarbon insulating oils (for example, Specification D 3487 mineral oil) may result in fire points of less than 300°C.
1.3 This specification is intended to define a high fire-point electrical mineral insulating oil that is compatible with typical material of construction of existing apparatus and will satisfactorily maintain its functional characteristic in its application in this application. The material described in this specification may not be miscible with electrical insulating liquids of non-petroleum origin. The user should contact the manufacturer of the high fire-point insulating oil for guidance in this respect.
1.4 This specification applies only to new insulating material oil as received prior to any processing. Information on in-service maintenance testing is available in appropriate guides. The user should contact the manufacturers of the equipment or oil if questions of recommended characteristics or maintenance procedures arise.
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Designation:D5222 −08
Standard Specification for
1
High Fire-Point Mineral Electrical Insulating Oils
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5222; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
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1.1 This specification describes a high fire-point mineral oil 2.1 ASTM Standards:
based insulating fluid, for use as a dielectric and cooling D92 Test Method for Flash and Fire Points by Cleveland
medium in new and existing power and distribution electrical Open Cup Tester
apparatus, such as transformers and switchgear. D97 Test Method for Pour Point of Petroleum Products
D117 Guide for Sampling, Test Methods, and Specifications
1.2 High fire-point insulating oil differs from conventional
for Electrical Insulating Oils of Petroleum Origin
mineral insulating oil by possessing a fire-point of at least
D445 Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent
300°C. High fire-point mineral insulating oils are also referred
and Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of Dynamic Viscos-
to as “less flammable” mineral insulating oils.This property is
ity)
necessary in order to comply with certain application require-
D611 Test Methods for Aniline Point and Mixed Aniline
ments of the National Electrical Code (Article 450-23) or other
Point of Petroleum Products and Hydrocarbon Solvents
agencies. The material discussed in this specification is mis-
D664 Test Method for Acid Number of Petroleum Products
cible with other petroleum based insulating oils. Mixing high
by Potentiometric Titration
fire-point liquids with lower fire point hydrocarbon insulating
D877 Test Method for Dielectric Breakdown Voltage of
oils (for example, Specification D3487 mineral oil) may result
Insulating Liquids Using Disk Electrodes
in fire points of less than 300°C.
D878 Test Method for Inorganic Chlorides and Sulfates in
1.3 This specification is intended to define a high fire-point
Insulating Oils
electrical mineral insulating oil that is compatible with typical
D923 Practices for Sampling Electrical Insulating Liquids
material of construction of existing apparatus and will satis-
D924 Test Method for Dissipation Factor (or Power Factor)
factorily maintain its functional characteristic in its application
and Relative Permittivity (Dielectric Constant) of Electri-
in this application. The material described in this specification
cal Insulating Liquids
may not be miscible with electrical insulating liquids of
D971 Test Method for Interfacial Tension of Oil Against
non-petroleum origin. The user should contact the manufac-
Water by the Ring Method
turer of the high fire-point insulating oil for guidance in this
D974 Test Method for Acid and Base Number by Color-
respect.
Indicator Titration
D1275 Test Method for Corrosive Sulfur in Electrical Insu-
1.4 This specification applies only to new insulating mate-
rial oil as received prior to any processing. Information on lating Oils
D1298 Test Method for Density, Relative Density (Specific
in-service maintenance testing is available in appropriate
2
guides. The user should contact the manufacturers of the Gravity), or API Gravity of Crude Petroleum and Liquid
Petroleum Products by Hydrometer Method
equipment or oil if questions of recommended characteristics
or maintenance procedures arise. D1500 Test Method forASTM Color of Petroleum Products
(ASTM Color Scale)
1 D1524 Test Method for Visual Examination of Used Elec-
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D27 on
trical Insulating Oils of Petroleum Origin in the Field
Electrical Insulating Liquids and Gasesand is the direct responsibility of Subcom-
mittee D27.01 on Mineral.
Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2008. Published February 2008. Originally
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approved in 1992. Last previous edition approved in 2000 as D5222–00. DOI: For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
10.1520/D5222-08. contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
2
Refer toAmerican National Standard C57.121 IEEE Guide forAcceptance and Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Maintenance of Less Flammable Hydrocarbon Fluid in Transformers. the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
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D5222−08
TABLE 1 Property Requirements for High Fire-Point Mineral
D1533 Test Method for Water in Insulating Liquids by
Insulating Oils, as Received
Coulometric Karl Fischer Titration
ASTM Test
D1816 Test Method for D
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This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:D 5222–00 Designation: D 5222 – 08
Standard Specification for
1
High Fire-Point Mineral Electrical Insulating Oils
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 5222; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This specification describes a high fire-point mineral oil based insulating fluid, for use as a dielectric and cooling medium
in new and existing power and distribution electrical apparatus, such as transformers and switchgear.
1.2 High fire-point insulating oil differs from conventional mineral insulating oil by possessing a fire-point of at least 300°C.
High fire-point mineral insulating oils are also referred to as “less flammable” mineral insulating oils.This property is necessary
in order to comply with certain application requirements of the National Electrical Code (Article 450-23) or other agencies. The
material discussed in this specification is miscible with other petroleum based insulating oils. Mixing high fire-point liquids with
lower fire point hydrocarbon insulating oils (for example, Specification D 3487 mineral oil) may result in fire points of less than
300°C.
1.3 This specification is intended to define a high fire-point electrical mineral insulating oil that is compatible with typical
material of construction of existing apparatus and will satisfactorily maintain its functional characteristic in its application in this
application. The material described in this specification may not be miscible with electrical insulating liquids of non-petroleum
origin. The user should contact the manufacturer of the high fire-point insulating oil for guidance in this respect.
1.4 This specification applies only to new insulating material oil as received prior to any processing. Information on in-service
2
maintenance testing is available in appropriate guides. The user should contact the manufacturers of the equipment or oil if
questions of recommended characteristics or maintenance procedures arise.
2. Referenced Documents
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2.1 ASTM Standards:
D 92 Test Method for Flash and Fire Points by Cleveland Open Cup Tester
D 97 Test Method for Pour Point of Petroleum Products
D 117Guide to Sampling Test Methods and Standard Practices for Electrical Insulating Oils of Petroleum Origin Guide for
Sampling, Test Methods, and Specifications for Electrical Insulating Oils of Petroleum Origin
3
D 445Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent and Opaque Liquids Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of
Transparent and Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of Dynamic Viscosity)
D 611 Test Methods for Aniline Point and Mixed Aniline Point of Petroleum Products and Hydrocarbon Solvents
D 664 Test Method for Acid Number of Petroleum Products by Potentiometric Titration
D 877 Test Method for Dielectric Breakdown Voltage of Insulating Liquids Using Disk Electrodes
D 878 Test Method for Inorganic Chlorides and Sulfates in Insulating Oils
D 923 Practices for Sampling Electrical Insulating Liquids
D 924 Test Method for Dissipation Factor (or Power Factor) and Relative Permittivity (Dielectric Constant) of Electrical
Insulating Liquids
D 971 Test Method for Interfacial Tension of Oil Against Water by the Ring Method
D 974 Test Method for Acid and Base Number by Color-Indicator Titration
D 1275 Test Method for Corrosive Sulfur in Electrical Insulating Oils
D 1298Practice Test Method for Density, Relative Density (Specific Gravity), orAPI Gravity of Crude Petroleum and Liquid
Petroleum Products by Hydrometer Method
D 1500 Test Method for ASTM Color of Petroleum Products (ASTM Color Scale)
D 1524 Test Method for Visual Examination of Used Electrical Insulating Oils of Petroleum Origin in the Field
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D27 on Electrical Insulating Liquids and Gases and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D27.01
on Mineral.
Current edition approved Oct. 10, 2000. Published December 2000. Originally published as D 5222–92. Last previous edition D 5222–98.
Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2008. Published February 2008. Originally approved in 1992. Last previous edition approved in 2000 as D 5222–00.
2
Refer to American National Standard C57.121 IEEE Guide for Acceptance and Maintenance of Less Flammable Hydrocarbon Fluid in Transformers.
3
For referencedASTM standards, visit theAST
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