ASTM F2792-12a
(Terminology)Standard Terminology for Additive Manufacturing Technologies, (Withdrawn 2015)
Standard Terminology for Additive Manufacturing Technologies<sup>,</sup> (Withdrawn 2015)
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
The definitions of the terms presented in this standard were created by this subcommittee. This standard does not purport to address safety concerns associated with the use of AM technologies. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use of additive manufacturing.
SCOPE
1.1 This terminology includes terms, definitions of terms, descriptions of terms, nomenclature, and acronyms associated with additive-manufacturing (AM) technologies in an effort to standardize terminology used by AM users, producers, researchers, educators, press/media and others.
Note 1—The subcommittee responsible for this standard will review definitions on a three-year basis to determine if the definition is still accurate as stated. Revisions will be made when determined to be necessary.
WITHDRAWN RATIONALE
This terminology includes terms, definitions of terms, descriptions of terms, nomenclature, and acronyms associated with additive-manufacturing (AM) technologies in an effort to standardize terminology used by AM users, producers, researchers, educators, press/media and others.
Formerly under the jurisdiction of Committee F42 on Additive Manufacturing Technologies, this terminology was withdrawn in December 2015.
General Information
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Standards Content (Sample)
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: F2792 − 12a
StandardTerminology for
1,2
Additive Manufacturing Technologies
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F2792; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope ing similarities. For many years, the additive manufacturing
industry lacked categories for grouping AM technologies,
1.1 This terminology includes terms, definitions of terms,
which made it challenging educationally and when communi-
descriptions of terms, nomenclature, and acronyms associated
cating information in both technical and non-technical settings.
with additive-manufacturing (AM) technologies in an effort to
These process categories enable one to discuss a category of
standardize terminology used by AM users, producers,
machines, rather than needing to explain an extensive list of
researchers, educators, press/media and others.
commercial variations of a process methodology.
NOTE 1—The subcommittee responsible for this standard will review
definitions on a three-year basis to determine if the definition is still
binder jetting, n—an additive manufacturing process in which
accurate as stated. Revisions will be made when determined to be
a liquid bonding agent is selectively deposited to join
necessary.
powder materials.
2. Referenced Documents
directed energy deposition, n—an additive manufacturing
3
2.1 ISO Standard:
process in which focused thermal energy is used to fuse
ISO 10303 -1:1994 Industrial automation systems and inte-
materials by melting as they are being deposited.
gration--Productdatarepresentationandexchange--Part
DISCUSSION—"Focused thermal energy" means that an energy source
1: Overview and fundamental principles
(e.g., laser, electron beam, or plasma arc) is focused to melt the
materials being deposited.
3. Significance and Use
material extrusion, n—an additive manufacturing process in
3.1 The definitions of the terms presented in this standard
which material is selectively dispensed through a nozzle or
were created by this subcommittee. This standard does not
orifice.
purport to address safety concerns associated with the use of
AM technologies. It is the responsibility of the user of this
material jetting, n—an additive manufacturing process in
standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices
which droplets of build material are selectively deposited.
and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior
DISCUSSION—Example materials include photopolymer and wax.
to use of additive manufacturing.
powder bed fusion, n—an additive manufacturing process in
which thermal energy selectively fuses regions of a powder
4. Additive Manufacturing Process Categories
bed.
4.1 The following terms provide a structure for grouping
current and future AM machine technologies. These terms are
sheet lamination, n—an additive manufacturing process in
useful for educational and standards-development purposes
which sheets of material are bonded to form an object.
and are intended to clarify which machine types share process-
vat photopolymerization, n—an additive manufacturing pro-
cess in which liquid photopolymer in a vat is selectively
1
This terminology is under the jurisdiction of Committee F42 on Additive
cured by light-activated polymerization.
Manufacturing Technologies and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
F42.91 on Terminology.
Current edition approved March 1, 2012. Published March 2012. Originally 5. Terminology
approved in 2009. Last previous edition approved in 2012 as F2792–12. DOI:
5.1 Definitions:
10.1520/F2792-12A.
2
Through a mutual agreement withASTM International (ASTM), the Society of 3D printer, n—a machine used for 3D printing.
Manufacturing Engineers (SME) contributed the technical expertise of its RTAM
Community members to ASTM to be used as the technical foundation for this 3D printing, n—the fabrication of objects through the deposi-
ASTM standard. SME and its membership continue to play an active role in
tion of a material using a print head, nozzle, or another
providing technical guidance to the ASTM standards development process.
printer technology.
3
Available from International Organization for Standardization (ISO), 1, ch. de
DISCUSSION—Term often used synonymously with additive manufac-
la Voie-Creuse, Case postale 56, CH-1211, Geneva 20, Switzerland, http://
turing; in particular associated with machines that are low end in price
www.iso.org/iso/iso_catalogue/catalogue_tc/catalogue_
detail.htm?csnumber=20579 and/or overall capability.
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