ASTM B1-12

Standard Specification for Hard-Drawn Copper Wire

ABSTRACT
This specification covers hard-drawn round copper wire for electrical purposes. The wire shall be tested and shall conform to the requirements as to tensile strength, elongation, and electrical resistivity. No joints shall be made in the completed wire. Joints in the wire and rod made prior to final drawing shall be in accordance with the best commercial practice.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers hard-drawn round copper wire for electrical purposes.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.2.1 Exception—For density, resistivity and temperature, the values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 14-Nov-2012
• ICS: 29.060.10 - Wires
• Technical Committee: B01 - Electrical Conductors
• Drafting Committee: B01.04 - Conductors of Copper and Copper Alloys

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM B1-01(2007) - Standard Specification for Hard-Drawn Copper Wire
• Effective Date: 15-Nov-2012
• Replaced By: ASTM B1-13 - Standard Specification for Hard-Drawn Copper Wire
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2013
• Referred By: ASTM D7873-22a - Standard Test Method for Determination of Oxidation Stability and Insolubles Formation of Inhibited Turbine Oils at 120 °C Without the Inclusion of Water (Dry TOST Method)
• Effective Date: 15-Nov-2012
• Referred By: ASTM B193-20 - Standard Test Method for Resistivity of Electrical Conductor Materials
• Effective Date: 15-Nov-2012
• Referred By: ASTM D5846-07(2017) - Standard Test Method for Universal Oxidation Test for Hydraulic and Turbine Oils Using the Universal Oxidation Test Apparatus
• Effective Date: 15-Nov-2012
• Referred By: ASTM D6514-03(2019)e1 - Standard Test Method for High Temperature Universal Oxidation Test for Turbine Oils
• Effective Date: 15-Nov-2012
• Referred By: ASTM B258-18 - Standard Specification for Standard Nominal Diameters and Cross-Sectional Areas of AWG Sizes of Solid Round Wires Used as Electrical Conductors
• Effective Date: 15-Nov-2012
• Referred By: ASTM B8-11(2017) - Standard Specification for Concentric-Lay-Stranded Copper Conductors, Hard, Medium-Hard, or Soft
• Effective Date: 15-Nov-2012
• Referred By: ASTM B787/B787M-04(2020) - Standard Specification for 19 Wire Combination Unilay-Stranded Copper Conductors for Subsequent Insulation
• Effective Date: 15-Nov-2012
• Referred By: ASTM B973-10(2020)e1 - Standard Specification for Tin-Coated Braid and Ribbon Flat Copper Wire intended for use in Electronic Application
• Effective Date: 15-Nov-2012
• Referred By: ASTM B229-12(2017) - Standard Specification for Concentric-Lay-Stranded Copper and Copper-Clad Steel Composite Conductors
• Effective Date: 15-Nov-2012
• Referred By: ASTM D943-20 - Standard Test Method for Oxidation Characteristics of Inhibited Mineral Oils
• Effective Date: 15-Nov-2012
• Referred By: ASTM B902/B902M-13(2018) - Standard Specification for Compressed Round Stranded Copper Conductors, Hard, Medium-Hard, or Soft Using Single Input Wire Construction
• Effective Date: 15-Nov-2012
• Referred By: ASTM D2272-22 - Standard Test Method for Oxidation Stability of Steam Turbine Oils by Rotating Pressure Vessel
• Effective Date: 15-Nov-2012
• Referred By: ASTM B971-10(2020)e1 - Standard Specification for Silver-Coated Braid and Ribbon Flat Copper Wire intended for use in Electronic Application
• Effective Date: 15-Nov-2012

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:B1 −12
StandardSpecification for
1
Hard-Drawn Copper Wire
This standard is issued under the fixed designation B1; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of original
adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript
epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope 3.1.6 Special package marking, if required, and
3.1.7 Place of inspection (7.1).
1.1 This specification covers hard-drawn round copper wire
for electrical purposes.
4. Materials and Manufacture
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
4.1 The material shall be copper of such quality and purity
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only that the finished product shall have the properties and charac-
teristics prescribed in this specification.
and are not considered standard.
1.2.1 Exception—For density, resistivity and temperature,
NOTE 1—Specification B49 defines the materials suitable for use.
the values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard.
5. General Requirements (see Section 8)
2. Referenced Documents
2
5.1 Tensile Strength and Elongation —The wire shall con-
2.1 ASTM Standards:
form to the requirements as to tensile strength and elongation
B49 Specification for Copper Rod Drawing Stock for Elec-
prescribed in Table 1 (see Explanatory Note 1 and Note 2). For
trical Purposes
wire whose nominal diameter is more than 0.001 in. (0.025
B193 Test Method for Resistivity of Electrical Conductor
mm) greater than a size listed in Table 1 and less than that of
Materials
the next larger size, the requirements of the next larger size
B258 Specification for Nominal Diameters and Cross-
shall apply.
SectionalAreasofAWGSizesofSolidRoundWiresUsed
as Electrical Conductors
5.2 Joints—No joints shall be made in the completed wire
2.2 National Institute of Standards and Technology:
(see Explanatory Note 3). Joints in the wire and rods made
3
NBS Handbook 100 —Copper Wire Tables
prior to final drawing shall be in accordance with the best
commercial practice. Tests on a specimen containing a joint
3. Ordering Information
shall show at least 95% of the tensile strength given in Table 1.
3.1 Orders for material under this specification shall include
Elongation tests shall not be made on a specimen containing a
the following information:
joint.
3.1.1 Quantity of each size,
5.3 Resistivity— The electrical resistivity at 20°C shall not
3.1.2 Wire size: diameter in inches (5.4 and Table 1),
exceed the following values:
3.1.3 Type of copper, if special (Section 4),
Nominal Diameter, in. Resistivity at 20°C,
3.1.4 Whether certification of resistivity of rod stock is
2
Ω·lb/mile
acceptable instead of resistivity tests on the finished wire (6.2),
0.460 to 0.325, incl 900.77
3.1.5 Package size (8.1), Under 0.325 to 0.0403, incl 910.15
Nominal Diameter, in. Resistivity at 20°C,
2
1 Ω·g/m
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B01 on
11.68 to 8.25, incl 0.15775
Electrical Conductors and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee B01.04 on
Under 8.25 to 1.02, incl 0.15940
Conductors of Copper and Copper Alloys.
Current edition approved Nov. 15, 2012. Published November 2012. Originally
5.4 Dimensions and Permissible Variations—The wire sizes
approved in 1909. Last previous edition approved in 2007 as B1 – 01 (2007). DOI:
shall be expressed as the diameter of the wire in decimal
10.1520/B0001-12.
2
fractionsofaninchtothenearest0.0001in.(or0.001mm)(see
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
Explanatory Note 4). Within the range of diameters given in
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Table 1, the wire shall not vary from the specified diameter by
the ASTM website.
3
more than plus and minus 1 %, expressed to the nearest 0.0001
Available from the National Technical Information Service, 5285 Port Royal
Road, Springfield, VA 22161. in. (or 0.001 mm).
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
B1−12
TABLE 1 Tensile Properties
Nominal Tensile
Nominal
A
B
Diameter Area at 20°C Strength (see Explanatory
B
Elongation,%
Note 2)
2 2
in. mm cmil in. mm psi MPa in 10 in. (250 mm)
0.4600 11.684 211 600 0.1662 107.0 49 000 340 3.8
0.4096 10.464 167 800 0.1318 85.0 51 000 350 3.3
0.3648 9.266 133 100 0.1045 67.4 52 800 365 2.8
0.3249 8.252 105 600 0.08291 53.5 54 500 375 2.4
0.2893 7.348
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: B1 − 01 (Reapproved 2007) B1 − 12
Standard Specification for
1
Hard-Drawn Copper Wire
This standard is issued under the fixed designation B1; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of original
adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A superscript
epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope
1.1 This specification covers hard-drawn round copper wire for electrical purposes.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound or SI units are to be regarded separately as standard. Each system shall be used
independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the specification. For
conductor sizes designated by AWG or kcmil sizes, the requirements in SI units are numerically converted from the corresponding
requirements in inch-pound units. For conductor sizes designation by AWG or kcmil, the requirements in SI units have been
numerically converted from corresponding values stated or derived in inch-pound units. For conductor sizes designated by SI units
only, the requirements are stated or derived in SI units.as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions
to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.2.1 Exception—For density, resistivity and temperature, the values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
B49 Specification for Copper Rod Drawing Stock for Electrical Purposes
B193 Test Method for Resistivity of Electrical Conductor Materials
B258 Specification for Nominal Diameters and Cross-Sectional Areas of AWG Sizes of Solid Round Wires Used as Electrical
Conductors
2.2 National Institute of Standards and Technology:
3
NBS Handbook 100 —Copper Wire Tables
3. Ordering Information
3.1 Orders for material under this specification shall include the following information:
3.1.1 Quantity of each size,
3.1.2 Wire size: diameter in inches (5.4 and Table 1),
3.1.3 Type of copper, if special (Section 4),
3.1.4 Whether certification of resistivity of rod stock is acceptable instead of resistivity tests on the finished wire (6.2),
3.1.5 Package size (8.1),
3.1.6 Special package marking, if required, and
3.1.7 Place of inspection (7.1).
4. Materials and Manufacture
4.1 The material shall be copper of such quality and purity that the finished product shall have the properties and characteristics
prescribed in this specification.
NOTE 1—Specification B49 defines the materials suitable for use.
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B01 on Electrical Conductors and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee B01.04 on Conductors
of Copper and Copper Alloys.
Current edition approved March 15, 2007Nov. 15, 2012. Published April 2007November 2012. Originally approved in 1909. Last previous edition approved in 20012007
as B1 – 01.B1 – 01 (2007). DOI: 10.1520/B0001-01R07.10.1520/B0001-12.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
Available from the National Technical Information Service, 5285 Port Royal Road, Springfield, VA 22161.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
B1 − 12
TABLE 1 Tensile Properties
Nominal Tensile
Nominal
A
B
Diameter Area at 20°C Strength (see Explanatory
B
Elongation,%
Note 2)
2 2
in. mm cmil in. mm psi MPa in 10 in. (250 mm)
0.4600 11.684 211 600 0.1662 107.0 49 000 340 3.8
0.4096 10.464 167 800 0.1318 85.0 51 000 350 3.3
0.3648 9.266 133 100 0.1045 67.4 52 800 365 2.8
0.3249 8.252 105 600 0.08291 53.5 54 500 375 2.4
0.2893 7.348 83 690 0.06573 42.4 56 100 385 2.2
0.2576 6.543 66 360 0.05213 33.6 57 600 395 2.0
0.2294 5.827 52 620 0.04133 26.7 59 000 405 1.8
0.2043 5.189 41 740 0.03278 21.2 60 100 415 1.7
0.1819 4.620 33 090 0.02599 16.8 61 200 420 1.6
0.1650* 4.191 27 220 0.02138 13.8 62 000 425 1.5
0.1620 4.115 26 240 0.02061 13.3 62 100 430 1.4
0.1443 3.665 20 820 0.01635 10.5 63 000 435 1.3
0.1340* 3.404 17 960 0.01410 9.10 63 400 435 1.3
0.1285 3.264 16 510 0.01297 8.37 63 700 440 1.3
0.1144 2.906 13 090 0.0102
...