ASTM D938-92(1998)
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Congealing Point of Petroleum Waxes, Including Petrolatum
Standard Test Method for Congealing Point of Petroleum Waxes, Including Petrolatum
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers determination of the congealing point of petroleum waxes, including petrolatum.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Note 1-This test method is an alternative to Test Method D127. Results obtained are usually lower than the results obtained by Test Method D127-IP133, the amount of the deviation varying with the nature of the petroleum wax.
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Please contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
An American National Standard
Designation: D 938 – 92 (Reapproved 1998) British Standard 5088
Designation: 76/70(95)
Standard Test Method for
Congealing Point of Petroleum Waxes, Including
Petrolatum
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 938; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope as an air jacket, the droplet on the bulb is allowed to cool at a
fixed rate until it congeals.The congealing point is observed as
1.1 This test method covers determination of the congealing
the temperature at which the droplet ceases to flow as the
point of petroleum waxes, including petrolatum.
thermometer is turned.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for
5. Significance and Use
information only.
5.1 Congealing point is a wax property that is of interest to
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
many petroleum wax consumers.The procedure described here
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
measures the temperature at which a sample being cooled
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
develops a “set” or resistance to flow. At that temperature, the
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
wax may be at or close to the solid state, or it may be semisolid
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
and quite unctuous, depending on the composition of the wax
NOTE 1—This test method is an alternative to Test Method
or petrolatum being tested. In the case of petrolatums, congeal-
D 127D 127. Results obtained are usually lower than the results obtained
ing property is associated with the formation of a gel structure
byTestMethodD 127D 127 – IP 133,theamountofthedeviationvarying
as the sample cools.
with the nature of the petroleum wax.
6. Apparatus
2. Referenced Documents
6.1 Thermometer, having the following range and conform-
2.1 ASTM Standards:
ing to the requirements prescribed in Specification E 1E1 or in
D 127 Test Method for Drop Melting Point of Petroleum
2 the specifications for IP Standard Thermometers:
Wax Including Petrolatum
Thermometer Number
E1 Specification for ASTM Thermometers
Temperature Range ASTM IP
20 to 100°C . 18C
3. Terminology
68 to 213°F 54F 18F
3.1 Definition:
6.2 Erlenmeyer Flask, 125-mL, glass, to serve as a ther-
3.1.1 congealing point, n— of petroleum wax, that tempera-
mometer jacket.
ture at which molten petroleum wax, when allowed to cool
6.3 Cork or Rubber Stopper, for attaching the thermometer
under prescribed conditions, ceases to flow.
to the Erlenmeyer flask.
4. Summary of Test Method
7. Procedure
4.1 A sample of wax is melted and a droplet is made to
7.1 Adjust the thermometer through the stopper so that the
adhere to the bulb of a thermometer. Using a prewarmed flask
bottomofthebulbwillbe10to15mmabovethebottomofthe
Erlenmeyer flask when the stopper is fitted snugly in the flask.
After making this adjustment, remove the thermometer and
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D-2 on
Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
stopper from the flask, being careful not to change the position
D02.0M on Petroleum Wax.
of the stopper relative to the thermometer stem.
Current edition approved Aug. 15, 1992. Published October 1992. Originally
published 1947. Last previous edition D 938 – 86.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 05.01.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.03.
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Please contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
D 938 – 92 (1998)
NOTE 3—Operators should periodically check themselves for compli-
7.2 Place approximately 50 g of sample, which is represen-
ance with this turning rate. The brief pause time is not to be included in
tative of the material under inspection, in a porcelain evapo-
the 2 to 3-s rotation time.
rating dish or other suitable container.
7.3 Place the empty Erlenmeyer flask (without the ther-
8. Report
mometer assembly) and the container holding the specimen in
8.1 Report the average of the multiple determi
...
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