ASTM C295-98

Standard Guide for Petrographic Examination of Aggregates for Concrete

SCOPE
1.1 This guide  outlines procedures for the petrographic examination of samples representative of materials proposed for use as aggregates in concrete.
1.2 This guide outlines the extent to which petrographic techniques should be used, the selection of properties that should be looked for, and the manner in which such techniques may be employed in the examination of samples of aggregates for concrete.  
1.3 This guide does not attempt to describe the techniques of petrographic work since it is assumed that the guide will be used by persons who are qualified by education and experience to employ such techniques for the recognition of the characteristic properties of rocks and minerals and to describe and classify the constituents of an aggregate sample.  
1.4 The rock and mineral names given in Descriptive Nomenclature C294 should be used insofar as they are appropriate in reports prepared according to this guide.  
1.5 This standard does not purport to address the safety problems associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 09-Nov-1998
• ICS: 91.100.30 - Concrete and concrete products
• Technical Committee: C09 - Concrete and Concrete Aggregates
• Drafting Committee: C09.65 - Petrography

Relations

• Replaced By: ASTM C295-03 - Standard Guide for Petrographic Examination of Aggregates for Concrete
• Effective Date: 10-Jan-2003

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn. Contact
ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
Designation: C 295 – 98
AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND MATERIALS
100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
Reprinted from the Annual Book of ASTM Standards. Copyright ASTM
Standard Guide for
1
Petrographic Examination of Aggregates for Concrete
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C 295; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
4
1. Scope D 75 Practice for Sampling Aggregates
E 11 Specification for Wire-Cloth Sieves for Testing Pur-
1.1 This guide outlines procedures for the petrographic
5
poses
examination of samples representative of materials proposed
6
E 883 Guide for Metallographic Photomicrography
for use as aggregates in concrete or as raw materials for use in
2
production of such aggregates. This guide is based on Ref (1).
3. Summary of Method
1.2 This guide outlines the extent to which petrographic
3.1 The specific procedures employed in the petrographic
techniques should be used, the selection of properties that
examination of any sample will depend to a large extent on the
should be looked for, and the manner in which such techniques
purpose of the examination and the nature of the sample. In
may be employed in the examination of samples of aggregates
most cases the examination will require the use of optical
for concrete.
microscopy. Complete petrographic examinations for particu-
1.3 The rock and mineral names given in Descriptive
lar purposes and to investigate particular problems may require
Nomenclature C 294 should be used, insofar as they are
examination of aggregates or of selected constituents by means
appropriate, in reports prepared in accordance with this guide.
of additional procedures, such as X-ray diffraction (XRD)
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
analysis, differential thermal analysis (DTA), infrared spectros-
standard. The values given in parentheses are provided for
copy, or other scanning electron microscopy (SEM) energy-
information purposes only.
dispersive x-ray analysis (EDX). In some instances, such
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
procedures are more rapid and more definitive than are
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
microscopical methods.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
3.2 Identification of the constituents of a sample is usually a
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
necessary step towards recognition of the properties that may
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
be expected to influence the behavior of the material in its
2. Referenced Documents intended use, but identification is not an end in itself. The value
of any petrographic examination will depend to a large extent
2.1 ASTM Standards:
3
on the representativeness of the samples examined, the com-
C 33 Specification for Concrete Aggregates
pleteness and accuracy of the information provided to the
C 117 Test Method for Materials Finer than 75-μm (No.
3
petrographer concerning the source and proposed use of the
200) Sieve in Mineral Aggregates by Washing
material, and the petrographer’s ability to correlate these data
C 136 Test Method for Sieve Analysis of Fine and Coarse
3
with the findings of the examination.
Aggregates
3.3 This guide does not attempt to describe the techniques
C 294 Descriptive Nomenclature of Constituents of Natural
3
of petrographic work since it is assumed that the guide will be
Mineral Aggregates
used by persons who are qualified by education and experience
C 702 Practice for Reducing Field Samples of Aggregate to
3
to employ such techniques for the recognition of the charac-
Testing Size
teristic properties of rocks and minerals and to describe and
classify the constituents of an aggregate sample. In some cases,
1
This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C-9 on Concrete and
the petrographer will have had experience adequate to provide
Concrete Aggregates and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C09.65 on
Petrography of Concrete and Aggregates.
Current edition approved Nov. 11, 1998. Published March 1999. Originally
published as C 295 – 54. Last previous edition C 295 – 90.
2 4
The boldface numbers in parentheses refer to the list of references at the end of Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.03.
5
this standard. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.02.
3 6
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.02. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 03.01.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
NOTICE:
...