ASTM D999-01

Standard Test Methods for Vibration Testing of Shipping Containers

SCOPE
1.1 These methods cover vibration tests of filled shipping containers. Such tests may be used to assess the performance of a container, with its interior packing and means of closure, both in terms of its strength and of the protection it provides its contents when it is subjected to vibration such as it experiences in transportation. These procedures are suitable for testing containers of any form, material, kind, design of interior packing, means of closure, and any size and weight. They are not intended for determining the response of products to vibration for product design purposes, nor are they intended for tests of products in their operational configuration as other more suitable procedures are available for these purposes.
1.2 The following methods appear:  Method A1-Repetitive Shock Test (Vertical Motion). Method A2-Repetitive Shock Test (Rotary Motion). Method B-Single Container Resonance Test. Method C-Palletized Load, Unitized Load, or Vertical Stack Resonance Test.
1.3  This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precautionary statements are given in Section 6.
1.3 These methods fulfill the requirements of International Organization for Standardization standards ISO 8318 and ISO 2247. The ISO standards may not meet the requirements for these methods.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 09-Apr-2001
• ICS: 55.040 - Packaging materials and accessories
• Technical Committee: D10 - Packaging
• Drafting Committee: D10.21 - Shipping Containers and Systems - Application of Performance Test Methods

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM D999-96 - Standard Methods for Vibration Testing of Shipping Containers
• Effective Date: 10-Apr-2001
• Replaced By: ASTM D999-07 - Standard Test Methods for Vibration Testing of Shipping Containers
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2007
• Referred By: ASTM D6198-18 - Standard Guide for Transport Packaging Design
• Effective Date: 10-Apr-2001
• Referred By: ASTM D4279-95(2022) - Standard Test Methods for Water Vapor Transmission of Shipping Containers—Constant and Cycle Methods
• Effective Date: 10-Apr-2001
• Referred By: ASTM F852/F852M-22 - Standard Specification for Portable Gasoline, Kerosene, and Diesel Containers for Consumer Use
• Effective Date: 10-Apr-2001
• Referred By: ASTM D5415-95(2020) - Standard Test Method for Evaluating Load Containment Performance of Stretch Wrap Films by Vibration Testing
• Effective Date: 10-Apr-2001
• Referred By: ASTM D1185-98a(2017) - Standard Test Methods for Pallets and Related Structures Employed in Materials Handling and Shipping
• Effective Date: 10-Apr-2001
• Referred By: ASTM D4169-22 - Standard Practice for Performance Testing of Shipping Containers and Systems
• Effective Date: 10-Apr-2001
• Referred By: ASTM D4919-23 - Standard Guide for Testing of Hazardous Materials (Dangerous Goods) Packagings
• Effective Date: 10-Apr-2001
• Referred By: ASTM D4504-94(2018) - Standard Specification for Molded Polyethylene Open-Head-Pails for Industrial Shipping of Nonhazardous Goods
• Effective Date: 10-Apr-2001
• Referred By: ASTM E920-97(2019) - Standard Specification for Commercially Packaged Laboratory Apparatus
• Effective Date: 10-Apr-2001
• Referred By: ASTM D7387-20 - Standard Test Method for Vibration Testing of Intermediate Bulk Containers (IBCs) Used for Shipping Liquid Hazardous Materials (Dangerous Goods)
• Effective Date: 10-Apr-2001
• Referred By: ASTM D5487-16(2022) - Standard Test Method for Simulated Drop of Loaded Containers by Shock Machines
• Effective Date: 10-Apr-2001
• Referred By: ASTM D5416-95(2020) - Standard Test Method for Evaluating Abrasion Resistance of Stretch Wrap Films by Vibration Testing
• Effective Date: 10-Apr-2001
• Referred By: ASTM C1484-10(2018) - Standard Specification for Vacuum Insulation Panels
• Effective Date: 10-Apr-2001

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:D999–01
Standard Test Methods for
1
Vibration Testing of Shipping Containers
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D999; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
4
1.1 These methods cover vibration tests of filled shipping 2.1 ASTM Standards:
containers.Suchtestsmaybeusedtoassesstheperformanceof D996 TerminologyofPackagingandDistributionEnviron-
acontainer,withitsinteriorpackingandmeansofclosure,both ments
in terms of its strength and of the protection it provides its D3580 TestMethodsforVibration(VerticalLinearMotion)
contentswhenitissubjectedtovibrationsuchasitexperiences Test of Products
in transportation. These procedures are suitable for testing D4169 Practice for Performance Testing of Shipping Con-
containers of any form, material, kind, design of interior tainers and Systems
packing, means of closure, and any size and weight. They are D4332 Practice for Conditioning Containers, Packages, or
not intended for determining the response of products to Packaging Components for Testing
vibrationforproductdesignpurposes,noraretheyintendedfor E122 Practice for Calculating Sample Size to Estimate,
tests of products in their operational configuration as other With a Specified Tolerable Error, the Average for a
,
23
more suitable procedures are available for these purposes. Characteristic of a Lot or Process
1.2 The following methods appear: 2.2 ISO Standards:
Method A1—Repetitive Shock Test (Vertical Motion). ISO 2247 Packaging—Complete, filled transport
5
Method A2—Repetitive Shock Test (Rotary Motion). packages—Vibration test at fixed low frequency
Method B—Single Container Resonance Test. ISO 8318 Packaging—Complete, filled transport
5
Method C—Palletized Load, Unitized Load, or Vertical packages—Vibration tests using a variable frequency
Stack Resonance Test.
3. Terminology
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms used in these test
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
methods, see Terminology D996.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica- 3.1.1 double amplitude, n—the maximum value of a sinu-
soidal quantity (peak-to-peak).
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precau-
tionary statements are given in Section 6. 3.1.2 octave, n—the interval between two frequencies hav-
ing a ratio of two (2).
1.4 These methods fulfill the requirements of International
Organization for Standardization standards ISO8318 and 3.1.3 power spectral density (PSD), n—usedtoquantifythe
intensity of random vibration in terms of mean-square accel-
ISO2247. The ISO standards may not meet the requirements
2 2 2
for these methods. erationperunitoffrequency.Theunitsare g /Hz((m/s ) /Hz),
2
where g is the acceleration of gravity, equal to 386 in./s (9.8
2
m/s ).Powerspectraldensityisthelimitingmeansquarevalue
1
These methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D10 on
in a given rectangular bandwidth divided by the bandwidth, as
Packaging and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D10.22 on Handling
the bandwidth approaches zero.
and Transportation.
Current edition approved April 10, 2001. Published June 2001. Originally
published as D999–48T. Last previous edition D999–96.
2 4
Military Standard Environmental Test Methods, MIL-STD-810F, Method514, For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Vibration, available from www.dodssp.daps.mil/dodssp.htm. contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
3
International Electrotechnical Commission Recommendation, Publication 68- Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
2-6, Part 2, Test F: Vibration, Basic Environmental Testing Procedures for the ASTM website.
5
Electronic Components and Electrical Equipment, available from American Na- Available from American National Standards Institute, 11 W. 42nd St., 13th
tional Standards Institute, Inc., 11 W. 42nd St., 13th Floor, New York, NY 10036. Floor, New York, NY 10036.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
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D999–01
3.1.4 repetitive shock, n—impacts of a package on a test 5. Apparatus
platform which occur cyclically from input oscillatory motion.
5.1 Method A1—Repetitive Shock Test (Vertical Motion):
3.1.5 resonance, n—for a system undergoing forced vibra-
5.1.1 Vibrati
...