ASTM B16/B16M-10(2015)
(Specification)Standard Specification for Free-Cutting Brass Rod, Bar and Shapes for Use in Screw Machines
Standard Specification for Free-Cutting Brass Rod, Bar and Shapes for Use in Screw Machines
ABSTRACT
This specification establishes the requirements for free-cutting brass rod, bar, wire, and shapes of any specified cross-section produced from Copper Alloy UNS No. C36000 suitable for high-speed screw machining applications and moderate thread rolling. The chemical composition, temper, tensile, Rockwell hardness, and shape requirements are detailed.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification establishes the requirements for free-cutting brass rod, bar, wire, and shapes of any specified cross section produced from Copper Alloy UNS Nos. C36000 or C36010 suitable for high-speed screw machining applications and moderate thread rolling.
1.2 Units—Values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
1.2.1 Within the text, SI units are shown in brackets.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation: B16/B16M −10 (Reapproved 2015)
Standard Specification for
Free-Cutting Brass Rod, Bar and Shapes for Use in Screw
Machines
This standard is issued under the fixed designation B16/B16M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope* E18 Test Methods for Rockwell Hardness of Metallic Ma-
terials
1.1 This specification establishes the requirements for free-
E478 Test Methods for ChemicalAnalysis of CopperAlloys
cutting brass rod, bar, wire, and shapes of any specified cross
section produced from Copper Alloy UNS Nos. C36000 or
3. General Requirements
C36010 suitable for high-speed screw machining applications
3.1 The following sections of Specifications B249/B249M
and moderate thread rolling.
(rod,bar,andshapes),andB250/B250M(wroughtcopperalloy
1.2 Units—Values stated in either SI units or inch-pound
wire) constitute a part of this specification.
units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values
3.1.1 Terminology,
stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore,
3.1.2 Materials and Manufacture,
each system shall be used independently of the other. Combin-
3.1.3 Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance,
ing values from the two systems may result in non-
3.1.4 Sampling,
conformance with the standard.
3.1.5 Number of Tests and Retest,
1.2.1 Within the text, SI units are shown in brackets.
3.1.6 Specimen Preparation,
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
3.1.7 Test Methods,
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3.1.8 Significance of Numerical Limits,
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
3.1.9 Inspection,
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
3.1.10 Rejection and Rehearing,
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
3.1.11 Certification,
3.1.12 Mill Test Report,
2. Referenced Documents
3.1.13 Packaging and Package Marking, and
3.1.14 Supplementary Requirements.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
B249/B249M Specification for General Requirements for
3.2 In addition, when a section with a title identical to those
Wrought Copper and Copper-Alloy Rod, Bar, Shapes and
referenced in 3.1 appears in this specification, it contains
Forgings
additional requirements that supplement those appearing in
B250/B250M Specification for General Requirements for
Specifications B249/B249M and B250/B250M.
Wrought Copper Alloy Wire
B601 Classification forTemper Designations for Copper and 4. Ordering Information
Copper Alloys—Wrought and Cast
4.1 Include the following information when placing orders
E8/E8M Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Ma-
for product under this specification, as applicable:
terials
4.1.1 ASTM specification designation and year of issue
(B16/B16M – XX).
4.1.2 Copper Alloy UNS No. designations (C36000 or
ThisspecificationisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeB05onCopper
C36010, see Section 6 and Table 1). Unless otherwise
and CopperAlloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee B05.02 on Rod,
specified, the alloy supplied will be C36000.
Bar, Wire, Shapes and Forgings.
4.1.3 Temper (see Section 7 and Tables 2-5).
Current edition approved May 1, 2015. Published May 2015. Originally
4.1.4 Product cross section form (for example, round,
approved in 1917. Last previous edition approved in 2010 as B16/B16M – 10. DOI:
10.1520/B0016_B0016M-10R15.
hexagonal, square, etc.).
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
4.1.5 Dimensions (see Section 9).
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
4.1.6 How furnished: straight lengths or coils (see 5.2).
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. 4.1.7 Edge contours (see Section 9).
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
B16/B16M − 10 (2015)
TABLE 1 Chemical Requirements
7. Temper
Copper Alloy UNS No. C36000 and C36010
7.1 Tempers, as defined in Practice B601, identified in
Element Composition, %
Tables 2-5 for product produced under this specification, are as
Copper Alloy UNS No.
follows:
C36000 C36010
7.1.1 O60 (soft anneal).
Copper 60.0 - 63.0 60.0 – 63.0
7.1.2 H02 (half hard).
Lead 2.5 - 3.0 3.1 – 3.7
Iron, max 0.35 0.35 7.1.3 H04 (hard).
Zinc Remainder Remainder
7.2 Rod and bar shall be furnished in the H02 (half hard)
temper, unless otherwise specified in the ordering information
(see 4.1.3).
4.1.8 Quantity; total weight, footage, or number of pieces
for each size.
8. Mechanical Property Requirements
4.1.9 When product is purchased for applications requiring
8.1 Rockwell Hardness:
thread rolling (see 1.1, Tables 2-5).
8.1.1 Product ⁄2 in. [12 mm], and over in diameter or
4.1.10 When product is purchased for agencies of the U.S.
distance between parallel surfaces, shall conform with the
Government (see Section 11).
requirements given in Table 4 and Table 5 for temper, size, and
4.2 The following options are available and shall be speci-
form when tested in accordance with Test Methods E18.
fied at the time of placing the order when required:
8.1.1.1 Rockwell hardness shall be the acceptance criterion
4.2.1 Tensile test for product ⁄2 in. [12 mm] and over (see
for sizes ⁄2 in. [12 mm], or greater, based upon mechanical
8.2.1).
properties, except when tensile requirements are specified as
4.2.2 Certification (refer to Specifications B249/B249M or
the acceptance criteria in the ordering information.
B250/B250M).
8.2 Tensile Requirements:
4.2.3 Mill Test Report (refer to Specifications B249/B249M
8.2.1 When tensile requirements are specified, the product
or B250/B250M).
shall conform to the requirements given in Table 2 and Table 3
for temper, size, and form.
5. Materials and Manufacture
8.2.1.1 Tensile requirements shall be the acceptance criteria
5.1 Material—The material of manufacture shall be a cast
of mechanical properties for product under ⁄2 in. [12 mm] in
billet of Copper Alloy UNS No. C36000 or C36010 and of
diameter or distance between parallel surfaces when tested in
such purity and soundness as to be suitable for hot extrusion
accordance with Test Methods E8/E8M.
into rod, bar, wire, and shaped products.
8.2.1.2 When specified in the ordering information, tensile
5.1.1 In the event that heat identification or traceability is
requirements shall be the acceptance criteria based upon
required, the purchaser shall specify the details desired.
mechanical properties for product ⁄2 in. [12 mm], or greater in
diameter or distance between parallel planes when tested in
NOTE 1—Due to the discontinuous nature of the processing of castings
into wrought products, it is not always practical to identify a specific
accordance with Test Methods E8/E8M.
casting analysis with a specific quantity of finished material.
8.3 Shapes—Mechanical property requirements for shapes
5.2 Manufacture—Product produced under this specifica-
shallbesubjecttoagreementbetweenthemanufacturerandthe
tion shall be in straight lengths; however, it shall be furnished
purchaser and the agreement shall be part of that contract or
incoilswhensospecifiedinthecontractorpurchaseorder(see
purchase order.
4.1.6).
9. Dimensions, Mass, and Permissible Variations
6. Chemical Composition
9.1 The dimensions and tolerances for bar, rod and shapes
6.1 The product shall conform to the chemical composi-
produced under this specification shall be as specified in the
tional requirements specified in Table 1 for CopperAlloy UNS
followingtablesandparagraphsinSpecificationB249/B249M.
No. C36000 or C36010.
9.1.1 Diameter or Distance Between Parallel Surfaces:
6.2 The UNS designated composition limits do not preclude 9.1.1.1 Rod in Length—See Table 1.
the possible presence of other unnamed elements; however, 9.1.1.2 Bar, Rectangular and Square—See Tables 8 and 10.
analysis shall be made regularly only f
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: B16/B16M − 10 B16/B16M − 10 (Reapproved 2015)
Standard Specification for
Free-Cutting Brass Rod, Bar and Shapes for Use in Screw
Machines
This standard is issued under the fixed designation B16/B16M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope*
1.1 This specification establishes the requirements for free-cutting brass rod, bar, wire, and shapes of any specified cross section
produced from Copper Alloy UNS Nos. C36000 or C36010 suitable for high-speed screw machining applications and moderate
thread rolling.
1.2 Units—Values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in
each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from
the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
1.2.1 Within the text, SI units are shown in brackets.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
B249/B249M Specification for General Requirements for Wrought Copper and Copper-Alloy Rod, Bar, Shapes and Forgings
B250/B250M Specification for General Requirements for Wrought Copper Alloy Wire
B601 Classification for Temper Designations for Copper and Copper Alloys—Wrought and Cast
E8E8/E8M Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Materials
E8M Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Materials [Metric] (Withdrawn 2008)
E18 Test Methods for Rockwell Hardness of Metallic Materials
E478 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Copper Alloys
3. General Requirements
3.1 The following sections of Specifications B249/B249M (rod, bar, and shapes), and B250/B250M (wrought copper alloy wire)
constitute a part of this specification.
3.1.1 Terminology,
3.1.2 Materials and Manufacture,
3.1.3 Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance,
3.1.4 Sampling,
3.1.5 Number of Tests and Retest,
3.1.6 Specimen Preparation,
3.1.7 Test Methods,
3.1.8 Significance of Numerical Limits,
3.1.9 Inspection,
3.1.10 Rejection and Rehearing,
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B05 on Copper and Copper Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee B05.02 on Rod, Bar,
Wire, Shapes and Forgings.
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2010May 1, 2015. Published November 2010May 2015. Originally approved in 1917. Last previous edition approved in 20052010 as
B16/B16M – 05.B16/B16M – 10. DOI: 10.1520/B0016_B0016M-10. 10.1520/B0016_B0016M-10R15.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
B16/B16M − 10 (2015)
3.1.11 Certification,
3.1.12 Mill Test Report,
3.1.13 Packaging and Package Marking, and
3.1.14 Supplementary Requirements.
3.2 In addition, when a section with a title identical to those referenced in 3.1 appears in this specification, it contains additional
requirements that supplement those appearing in Specifications B249/B249M and B250/B250M.
4. Ordering Information
4.1 Include the following information when placing orders for product under this specification, as applicable:
4.1.1 ASTM specification designation and year of issue (B16/B16M – XX).
4.1.2 Copper Alloy UNS No. designations (C36000 or C36010, see Section 6 and Table 1). Unless otherwise specified, the alloy
supplied will be C36000.
4.1.3 Temper (see Section 7 and Tables 2-5).
4.1.4 Product cross section form (for example, round, hexagonal, square, etc.).
4.1.5 Dimensions (see Section 9).
4.1.6 How furnished: straight lengths or coils (see 5.2).
4.1.7 Edge contours (see Section 9).
4.1.8 Quantity; total weight, footage, or number of pieces for each size.
4.1.9 When product is purchased for applications requiring thread rolling (see 1.1, Tables 2-5).
4.1.10 When product is purchased for agencies of the U.S. Government (see Section 11).
4.2 The following options are available and shall be specified at the time of placing the order when required:
4.2.1 Tensile test for product ⁄2 in. [12 mm] and over (see 8.2.1).
4.2.2 Certification (refer to Specifications B249/B249M or B250/B250M).
4.2.3 Mill Test Report (refer to Specifications B249/B249M or B250/B250M).
5. Materials and Manufacture
5.1 Material—The material of manufacture shall be a cast billet of Copper Alloy UNS No. C36000 or C36010 and of such purity
and soundness as to be suitable for hot extrusion into rod, bar, wire, and shaped products.
5.1.1 In the event that heat identification or traceability is required, the purchaser shall specify the details desired.
NOTE 1—Due to the discontinuous nature of the processing of castings into wrought products, it is not always practical to identify a specific casting
analysis with a specific quantity of finished material.
5.2 Manufacture—Product produced under this specification shall be in straight lengths; however, it shall be furnished in coils
when so specified in the contract or purchase order (see 4.1.6).
6. Chemical Composition
6.1 The product shall conform to the chemical compositional requirements specified in Table 1 for Copper Alloy UNS No.
C36000 or C36010.
6.2 The UNS designated composition limits do not preclude the possible presence of other unnamed elements; however,
analysis shall be made regularly only for the minor elements listed in Table 1, plus either copper or zinc, or plus all major elements
except one. The major element that is not analyzed shall be determined by difference between the sum of those elements analyzed
and 100 %. By agreement between producer or supplier and purchaser, analysis may be required and limits established for the
elements not cited. Percentage content of elements shown as “remainder” (rem.) is calculated by difference.
6.3 When all elements in Table 1 are analyzed, their sum shall be 99.5 % min.
7. Temper
7.1 Tempers, as defined in Practice B601, identified in Tables 2-5 for product produced under this specification, are as follows:
7.1.1 O60 (soft anneal).
TABLE 1 Chemical Requirements
Copper Alloy UNS No. C36000 and C36010
Element Composition, %
Copper Alloy UNS No.
C36000 C36010
Copper 60.0 - 63.0 60.0 – 63.0
Lead 2.5 - 3.0 3.1 – 3.7
Iron, max 0.35 0.35
Zinc Remainder Remainder
B16/B16M − 10 (2015)
TABLE 2 Tensile Requirements, inch-pound
NOTE 1—See Table 3 for SI values.
Yield Strength
at 0.5 %
A
Temper Designation Diameter or Distance Between Tensile Strength,
Elongation,
Extension
min, %
Standard Name Parallel Surfaces, in. min, ksi
under Load,
min, ksi
Rod and Wire
O60 soft 1 and under 48 20 15
anneal
over 1 to 2, incl. 44 18 20
over 2 40 15 25
B
H02 half-hard ⁄2 and under 57 25 7
C
over ⁄2 to 1, incl. 55 25 10
over 1 to 2, incl. 50 20 15
over 2 to 4, incl., and 45 15 20
over 4 40 15 20
1 3
H04 hard ⁄16 to ⁄16 incl. 80 45
3 1
over ⁄16 to ⁄2 incl. 70 35 4
1 3
over ⁄2 to ⁄4 incl. 65 30 6
Bar
Standard Name Thickness, in. Width, in.
O60 soft anneal 1 and under 6 and under 44 18 20
over 1 6 and under 40 15 25
H02 half-hard ⁄2 and under 1 and under 50 25 10
⁄2 and under over 1 to 6, incl. 45 17 15
over ⁄2 to 2, incl. 2 and under 45 17 15
over ⁄2 to 2, incl. over 2 to 6, incl. 40 15 20
over 2 over 2 to 4, incl. 40 15 20
A
In any case, a minimum gage length of 1 in. shall be used.
B
For product furnished in coils the elongation shall be 4 % min.
C
If product is specified for thread rolling applications, the minimum tensile strength shall be 52 ksi.
TABLE 3 Tensile Req
...
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