ASTM E1316-02a

Standard Terminology for Nondestructive Examinations

SCOPE
1.1 This standard defines the terminology used in the standards prepared by the E07 Committee on Nondestructive Testing. These nondestructive testing (NDT) methods include: acoustic emission, electromagnetic testing, gamma- and X-radiology, leak testing, liquid penetrant examination, magnetic particle examination, neutron radiology and gaging, ultrasonic examination, and other technical methods.  
1.2 Section A defines terms that are common to multiple NDT methods, whereas, the subsequent sections define terms pertaining to specific NDT methods. An alphabetical list of the terms defined in this standard is given in Appendix X1, which also identifies the section in which each term is defined.
1.3 As shown on the chart below, when nondestructive testing produces an indication, the indication is subject to interpretation as false, nonrelevant or relevant. If it has been interpreted as relevant, the necessary subsequent evaluation will result in the decision to accept or reject the material. With the exception of accept and reject, which retain the meaning found in most dictionaries, all the words used in the chart are defined in Section A.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 09-Feb-2002
• ICS: 01.040.19 - Testing (Vocabularies)
• ICS: 19.100 - Non-destructive testing
• Technical Committee: E07 - Nondestructive Testing
• Drafting Committee: E07.92 - Editorial Review

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM E1316-02 - Standard Terminology for Nondestructive Examinations
• Effective Date: 10-Feb-2002
• Replaced By: ASTM E1316-03 - Standard Terminology for Nondestructive Examinations
• Effective Date: 10-Aug-2003
• Referred By: ASTM E515-11(2022) - Standard Practice for Leaks Using Bubble Emission Techniques
• Effective Date: 10-Feb-2002
• Referred By: ASTM E165/E165M-23 - Standard Practice for Liquid Penetrant Testing for General Industry
• Effective Date: 10-Feb-2002
• Referred By: ASTM E1781/E1781M-20 - Standard Practice for Secondary Calibration of Acoustic Emission Sensors
• Effective Date: 10-Feb-2002
• Referred By: ASTM E747-18 - Standard Practice for Design, Manufacture and Material Grouping Classification of Wire Image Quality Indicators (IQI) Used for Radiology
• Effective Date: 10-Feb-2002
• Referred By: ASTM E1862-14(2022) - Standard Practice for Measuring and Compensating for Reflected Temperature Using Infrared Imaging Radiometers
• Effective Date: 10-Feb-2002
• Referred By: ASTM E3045-22 - Standard Practice for Crack Detection Using Vibroacoustic Thermography
• Effective Date: 10-Feb-2002
• Referred By: ASTM E2003-20 - Standard Practice for Fabrication of the Neutron Radiographic Beam Purity Indicators
• Effective Date: 10-Feb-2002
• Referred By: ASTM E1647-16(2022) - Standard Practice for Determining Contrast Sensitivity in Radiology
• Effective Date: 10-Feb-2002
• Referred By: ASTM F640-23 - Standard Test Methods for Determining Radiopacity for Medical Use
• Effective Date: 10-Feb-2002
• Referred By: ASTM F1430/F1430M-20 - Standard Test Method for Acoustic Emission Testing of Insulated and Non-Insulated Aerial Personnel Devices with Supplemental Load Handling Attachments
• Effective Date: 10-Feb-2002
• Referred By: ASTM E94/E94M-22 - Standard Guide for Radiographic Examination Using Industrial Radiographic Film
• Effective Date: 10-Feb-2002
• Referred By: ASTM E1390-21 - Standard Specification for Illuminators Used for Viewing Industrial Radiographs
• Effective Date: 10-Feb-2002
• Referred By: ASTM E3170/E3170M-18 - Standard Practice for Phased Array Ultrasonic Testing of Polyethylene Electrofusion Joints
• Effective Date: 10-Feb-2002

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superceded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
Designation: E 1316 – 02a
Standard Terminology for
1
Nondestructive Examinations
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E 1316; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
INDEX OF TERMS
Section Page
A: Common NDT Terms 2
B: Acoustic Emission 3
C: Electromagnetic Testing 7
D: Gamma- and X-Radiology 10
E: Leak Testing 15
F: Liquid Penetrant Examination 20
G: Magnetic Particle Examination 21
H: Neutron Radiology 24
I: Ultrasonic Examination 25
J: Infrared Examination 29
K: Optical Holography 31
L: Visual and Optical Methods 32
Appendix 32
1. Scope
1.1 This standard defines the terminology used in the
standards prepared by the E07 Committee on Nondestructive
Testing. These nondestructive testing (NDT) methods include:
acoustic emission, electromagnetic testing, gamma- and
X-radiology, leak testing, liquid penetrant examination, mag-
netic particle examination, neutron radiology and gaging,
ultrasonic examination, and other technical methods.
1.2 Section A defines terms that are common to multiple
NDT methods, whereas, the subsequent sections define terms
pertaining to specific NDT methods. An alphabetical list of the
terms defined in this standard is given in Appendix X1, which
also identifies the section in which each term is defined.
1.3 As shown on the chart below, when nondestructive
testing produces an indication, the indication is subject to
2. Referenced Documents
interpretation as false, nonrelevant or relevant. If it has been
2.1 ASTM Standards:
interpreted as relevant, the necessary subsequent evaluation
2
E 94 Guide for Radiographic Examination
will result in the decision to accept or reject the material. With
E 127 Practice for Fabricating and Checking Aluminum
the exception of accept and reject, which retain the meaning
2
Alloy Ultrasonic Standard Reference Blocks
found in most dictionaries, all the words used in the chart are
E 215 Practice for Standardizing Equipment for Electro-
defined in Section A.
magnetic Examination of Seamless Aluminum-Alloy
2
Tube
E 494 Practice for Measuring Ultrasonic Velocity in Mate-
1
This terminology is under the jurisdiction of Committee E07 on Nondestructive
2
rials
Testing and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E07.92 on Editorial
Review.
Current edition approved July 10, 2002. Published September 2002. Originally
2
published as E 1316 – 89. Last previous edition E 1316 – 02. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 03.03.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
NOTICE: This standard has either been superceded and replaced by a new version or discontinued.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
E 1316 – 02a
2
E 566 Practice for Electromagnetic (Eddy-Current) Sorting magnetic Pipe and Tubing Above the Curie Temperature
2
of Ferrous Metals E 1067 Practice for Acoustic Emission Examination of
2
E 664 Practice for Measurement of the Apparent Attenua- Fiberglass Reinforced Plastic Resin (FRP) Tanks/Vessels
tion of Longitudinal Ultrasonic Waves by Immersion E 1118 Practice for Acoustic Emission Examination of Re-
2 2
Method inforced Thermosetting Resin Pipe (RTRP)
E 750 Practice for Characterizing Acoustic Emission Instru- E 1213 Test Method for Minimum Resolvable Temperature
2 2
mentation Difference for Thermal Imaging Systems
E 804 Practice for Calibration of the Ultrasonic Test System
3 3. Significance and Use
by Extrapolation Between Flat Bottom Hole Sizes
E 1033 Practice for Electromagnetic (Eddy-Current) Ex- 3.1 The terms found in this proposed standard are intended
to be used uniformly and consistently in all nondestructive
amination of Type F-Continuously Welded (CW) Ferro-
testing standards. The purpose of this standard is to promote a
clear understanding and interpretation of the NDT standards in
3
Discontinued. See 1993 Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 03.03. which they are used.
Section A: Common NDT Terms
The terms defined in Section A are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E07.92, Editorial Review.
4. Terminology flaw, n—an imperfection or discontinuity that may be detect-
able by nondestructive testing and is not necessarily reject-
acceptable quality level—the maximum percent defective or
able.
the maximum number of units defective per hundred units
flaw characterization, n—the process of quantifying the size,
that, for the purpose of sampling test, can be considered
shape, orientation, location, growth, or other properties, of a
satisfactory as a proce
...