ASTM D5972-23
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Freezing Point of Aviation Fuels (Automatic Phase Transition Method)
Standard Test Method for Freezing Point of Aviation Fuels (Automatic Phase Transition Method)<rangeref></rangeref >
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The freezing point of an aviation fuel is the lowest temperature at which the fuel remains free of solid hydrocarbon crystals. These crystals can restrict the flow of fuel through the fuel system of the aircraft. The temperature of the fuel in the aircraft tank normally decreases during flight depending on aircraft speed, altitude, and flight duration. The freezing point of the fuel must always be lower than the minimum operational fuel temperature.
5.2 Petroleum blending operations require precise measurement of the freezing point.
5.3 This test method produces results which have been found to be equivalent to Test Method D2386 and expresses results to the nearest 0.1 °C, with improved precision over Test Method D2386. This test method also eliminates most of the operator time and judgment required by Test Method D2386.
5.4 When specification requires Test Method D2386, do not substitute this test method or any other test method.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the temperature below which solid hydrocarbon crystals form in aviation turbine fuels.
1.2 This test method is designed to cover the temperature range of −80 °C to 20 °C; however, 2003 Joint ASTM/IP Interlaboratory Cooperative Test Program mentioned in 12.4 has only demonstrated the test method with fuels having freezing points in the range of −42 °C to −60 °C.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific warning statements, see 7.1, 7.3, and 7.5.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
General Information
Buy Standard
Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D5972 − 23
Designation: 435/22
Standard Test Method for
Freezing Point of Aviation Fuels (Automatic Phase
1,2
Transition Method)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5972; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope* 2. Referenced Documents
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the tem-
perature below which solid hydrocarbon crystals form in D2386 Test Method for Freezing Point of Aviation Fuels
aviation turbine fuels.
3. Terminology
1.2 This test method is designed to cover the temperature
3.1 Definitions:
range of −80 °C to 20 °C; however, 2003 Joint ASTM/IP
3.1.1 freezing point, n—in aviation fuels, the fuel tempera-
Interlaboratory Cooperative Test Program mentioned in 12.4
ture at which solid hydrocarbon crystals, formed on cooling,
has only demonstrated the test method with fuels having
disappear when the temperature of the fuel is allowed to rise
freezing points in the range of −42 °C to −60 °C.
under specified conditions of test.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
3.2.1 automatic phase transition method, n—in this test
standard.
method, the procedures of automatically cooling a liquid
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
aviation fuel specimen until solid hydrocarbon crystals appear,
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
followed by controlled warming and recording of the tempera-
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
ture at which the solid hydrocarbon crystals completely redis-
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
solve into the liquid phase.
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
3.2.2 Peltier device, n—a solid-state thermoelectric device
For specific warning statements, see 7.1, 7.3, and 7.5.
constructed with dissimilar semiconductor materials, config-
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-
ured in such a way that it will transfer heat to and away from
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
a test specimen dependent on the direction of electric current
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
applied to the device.
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
4. Summary of Test Method
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
4.1 A specimen is cooled at a rate of 15 °C ⁄min 6 5 °C ⁄min
by a Peltier device while continuously being illuminated by a
light source. The specimen is continuously monitored by an
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM International Committee
array of optical detectors for the first formation of solid
D02 on Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct
hydrocarbon crystals. Once the hydrocarbon crystals are
responsibility of Subcommittee D02.07 on Flow Properties. The technically
equivalent standard as referenced is under the jurisdiction of the Energy Institute
formed, the specimen is then warmed at a rate of 10 °C ⁄min 6
Subcommittee SC-B-7.
0.5 °C ⁄min until the last hydrocarbon crystals return to the
Current edition approved March 1, 2023. Published March 2023. Originally
approved in 1996. Last previous edition approved in 2016 as D5972 – 16. DOI:
10.1520/D5972-23.
2 3
This test method has been developed through the cooperative effort between For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
ASTM and the Energy Institute, London. ASTM and IP standards were approved by contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
ASTM and EI technical committees as being technically equivalent but that does not Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
imply both standards are identical. the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D5972 − 23
liquid phase. The detectors are sufficient in number to ensure 7. Reagents and Materials
that any solid hydrocarbon crystals are d
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D5972 − 16 D5972 − 23
Designation: 435/15435/22
Standard Test Method for
Freezing Point of Aviation Fuels (Automatic Phase
1,2
Transition Method)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5972; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the temperature below which solid hydrocarbon crystals form in aviation turbine
fuels.
1.2 This test method is designed to cover the temperature range of −80 °C to 20 °C; however, 2003 Joint ASTM/IP Interlaboratory
Cooperative Test Program mentioned in 12.4 has only demonstrated the test method with fuels having freezing points in the range
of −42 °C to −60 °C.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and healthsafety, health, and environmental practices and determine
the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific warning statements, see 7.1, 7.3, and 7.5.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D2386 Test Method for Freezing Point of Aviation Fuels
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 freezing point, n—in aviation fuels, the fuel temperature at which solid hydrocarbon crystals, formed on cooling, disappear
when the temperature of the fuel is allowed to rise under specified conditions of test.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM International Committee D02 on Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility
of Subcommittee D02.07 on Flow Properties. The technically equivalent standard as referenced is under the jurisdiction of the Energy Institute Subcommittee SC-B-7.
Current edition approved June 1, 2016March 1, 2023. Published June 2016March 2023. Originally approved in 1996. Last previous edition approved in 20152016 as
D5972 – 15.D5972 – 16. DOI: 10.1520/D5972-16.10.1520/D5972-23.
2
This test method has been developed through the cooperative effort between ASTM and the Energy Institute, London. ASTM and IP standards were approved by ASTM
and EI technical committees as being technically equivalent but that does not imply both standards are identical.
3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D5972 − 23
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.2.1 automatic phase transition method, n—in this test method, the procedures of automatically cooling a liquid aviation fuel
specimen until solid hydrocarbon crystals appear, followed by controlled warming and recording of the temperature at which the
solid hydrocarbon crystals completely redissolve into the liquid phase.
3.2.2 Peltier device, n—a solid-state thermoelectric device constructed with dissimilar semiconductor materials, configured in
such a way that it will transfer heat to and away from a test specimen dependent on the direction of electric current applied to the
device.
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 A specimen is cooled at a rate of 15 °C ⁄min 6 5 °C ⁄min by a Peltier device while continuously being illuminated by a light
source. The specimen is continuously monitored by an array of optical detectors for the first formation of solid hydrocarbon
crystals. Once the hydrocarbon crystals are formed, the specimen is then warmed at a rate of 10 °C ⁄min 6 0.5
...
Questions, Comments and Discussion
Ask us and Technical Secretary will try to provide an answer. You can facilitate discussion about the standard in here.