ASTM D2170/D2170M-22
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Asphalts
Standard Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Asphalts
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The kinematic viscosity characterizes flow behavior. The method is used to determine the consistency of liquid asphalt as one element in establishing the uniformity of shipments or sources of supply. The specifications are usually at temperatures of 60 and 135 °C.
Note 3: The quality of the results produced by this standard are dependent on the competence of the personnel performing the procedure and the capability, calibration, and maintenance of the equipment used. Agencies that meet the criteria of Specification D3666 are generally considered capable of competent and objective testing, sampling, inspection, etc. Users of this standard are cautioned that compliance with Specification D3666 alone does not completely ensure reliable results. Reliable results depend on many factors; following the suggestions of Specification D3666 or some similar acceptable guideline provides a means of evaluating and controlling some of those factors.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers procedures for the determination of kinematic viscosity of liquid asphalts, road oils, and distillation residues of liquid asphalts all at 60 °C [140 °F] and of liquid asphalt binders at 135 °C [275 °F] (see table notes, 11.1) in the range from 6 to 100 000 mm2/s [cSt].
1.2 Results of this test method can be used to calculate viscosity when the density of the test material at the test temperature is known or can be determined. See Annex A1 for the method of calculation.
Note 1: This test method is suitable for use at other temperatures and at lower kinematic viscosities, but the precision is based on determinations on liquid asphalts and road oils at 60 °C [140 °F] and on asphalt binders at 135 °C [275 °F] only in the viscosity range from 30 to 6000 mm2/s [cSt].
Note 2: Modified asphalt binders or asphalt binders that have been conditioned or recovered are typically non-Newtonian under the conditions of this test. The viscosity determined from this method is under the assumption that asphalt binders behave as Newtonian fluids under the conditions of this test. When the flow is non-Newtonian in a capillary tube, the shear rate determined by this method may be invalid. The presence of non-Newtonian behavior for the test conditions can be verified by measuring the viscosity with viscometers having different-sized capillary tubes. The defined precision limits in 11.1 may not be applicable to non-Newtonian asphalt binders.
1.3 Warning—Mercury has been designated by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and many state agencies as a hazardous material that can cause central nervous system, kidney, and liver damage. Mercury, or its vapor, may be hazardous to health and corrosive to materials. Caution should be taken when handling mercury and mercury-containing products. See the applicable product Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) or Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for details and the EPA’s website—http://www.epa.gov/mercury/faq.htm—for additional information. Users should be aware that selling mercury, mercury-containing products, or both, in your state may be prohibited by state law.
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.
1.5 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior ...
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D2170/D2170M − 22
Designation: 319/84 (89)
Standard Test Method for
1
Kinematic Viscosity of Asphalts
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2170/D2170M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope that selling mercury, mercury-containing products, or both, in
your state may be prohibited by state law.
1.1 This test method covers procedures for the determina-
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
tion of kinematic viscosity of liquid asphalts, road oils, and
are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in
distillation residues of liquid asphalts all at 60°C [140°F] and
each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each
of liquid asphalt binders at 135°C [275°F] (see table notes,
2
system shall be used independently of the other. Combining
11.1) in the range from 6 to 100 000 mm /s [cSt].
values from the two systems may result in nonconformance
1.2 Results of this test method can be used to calculate
with the standard.
viscosity when the density of the test material at the test
1.5 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes
temperature is known or can be determined. See AnnexA1 for
that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes
the method of calculation.
(excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered
NOTE 1—This test method is suitable for use at other temperatures and
as requirements of the standard.
atlowerkinematicviscosities,buttheprecisionisbasedondeterminations
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the
on liquid asphalts and road oils at 60°C [140°F] and on asphalt binders
2
at 135°C [275°F] only in the viscosity range from 30 to 6000 mm /s safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
[cSt].
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
NOTE 2—Modified asphalt binders or asphalt binders that have been
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
conditioned or recovered are typically non-Newtonian under the condi-
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
tions of this test. The viscosity determined from this method is under the
1.7 This international standard was developed in accor-
assumption that asphalt binders behave as Newtonian fluids under the
conditions of this test. When the flow is non-Newtonian in a capillary dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
tube, the shear rate determined by this method may be invalid. The
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
presenceofnon-Newtonianbehaviorforthetestconditionscanbeverified
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
by measuring the viscosity with viscometers having different-sized cap-
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
illary tubes. The defined precision limits in 11.1 may not be applicable to
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
non-Newtonian asphalt binders.
1.3 Warning—Mercury has been designated by the United
2. Referenced Documents
StatesEnvironmentalProtectionAgency(EPA)andmanystate
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
agenciesasahazardousmaterialthatcancausecentralnervous
C670Practice for Preparing Precision and Bias Statements
system, kidney, and liver damage. Mercury, or its vapor, may
for Test Methods for Construction Materials
be hazardous to health and corrosive to materials. Caution
D8Terminology Relating to Materials for Roads and Pave-
should be taken when handling mercury and mercury-
ments
containing products. See the applicable product Material
D92Test Method for Flash and Fire Points by Cleveland
Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) or Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for
Open Cup Tester
details and the EPA’s website—http://www.epa.gov/mercury/
D341Practice for Viscosity-Temperature Equations and
faq.htm—for additional information. Users should be aware
Charts for Liquid Petroleum or Hydrocarbon Products
D445Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent
and Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of DynamicViscos-
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D04 on Road
ity)
and Paving Materials and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D04.44 on
Rheological Tests. In the IP this test method is under the jurisdiction of the
2
Standardization Committee. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2022. Published November 2022. Original
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D2170/D2170M − 18 D2170/D2170M − 22
Designation: 319/84 (89)
Standard Test Method for
1
Kinematic Viscosity of Asphalts
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2170/D2170M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers procedures for the determination of kinematic viscosity of liquid asphalts, road oils, and distillation
residues of liquid asphalts all at 60 °C [140 °F] and of liquid asphalt binders at 135 °C [275 °F] (see table note,notes, 11.1) in the
2
range from 6 to 100 000 mm /s [cSt].
1.2 Results of this test method can be used to calculate viscosity when the density of the test material at the test temperature is
known or can be determined. See Annex A1 for the method of calculation.
NOTE 1—This test method is suitable for use at other temperatures and at lower kinematic viscosities, but the precision is based on determinations on
2
liquid asphalts and road oils at 60 °C [140 °F] and on asphalt binders at 135 °C [275 °F] only in the viscosity range from 30 to 6000 mm /s [cSt].
NOTE 2—Modified asphalt binders or asphalt binders that have been conditioned or recovered are typically non-Newtonian under the conditions of this
test. The viscosity determined from this method is under the assumption that asphalt binders behave as Newtonian fluids under the conditions of this test.
When the flow is non-Newtonian in a capillary tube, the shear rate determined by this method may be invalid. The presence of non-Newtonian behavior
for the test conditions can be verified by measuring the viscosity with viscometers having different-sized capillary tubes. The defined precision limits in
11.1 may not be applicable to non-Newtonian asphalt binders.
1.3 Warning—Mercury has been designated by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and many state
agencies as a hazardous material that can cause central nervous system, kidney, and liver damage. Mercury, or its vapor, may be
hazardous to health and corrosive to materials. Caution should be taken when handling mercury and mercury-containing products.
See the applicable product Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) or Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for details and the EPA’s
website—http://www.epa.gov/mercury/faq.htm—for additional information. Users should be aware that selling mercury, mercury-
containing products, or both, in your state may be prohibited by state law.
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each
system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the
two systems may result in non-conformancenonconformance with the standard.
1.5 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes
(excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D04 on Road and Paving Materials and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D04.44 on Rheological
Tests. In the IP this test method is under the jurisdiction of the Standardization Committee.
Current edition approved Dec. 15, 2018Nov. 1, 2022. Published January 2019November 2022. Originally approved in 1963. Last previous edition approved in 20102018
as D2170/D2170M – 10.D2170/D2170M – 18. DOI: 10.1520/D2170_D2170M-18.10.1520/D2170_D2170M-22.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D2170/D2170M − 22
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of
regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Refe
...
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D2170/D2170M − 22
Designation: 319/84 (89)
Standard Test Method for
1
Kinematic Viscosity of Asphalts
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2170/D2170M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope that selling mercury, mercury-containing products, or both, in
your state may be prohibited by state law.
1.1 This test method covers procedures for the determina-
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
tion of kinematic viscosity of liquid asphalts, road oils, and
are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in
distillation residues of liquid asphalts all at 60 °C [140 °F] and
each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each
of liquid asphalt binders at 135 °C [275 °F] (see table notes,
2
system shall be used independently of the other. Combining
11.1) in the range from 6 to 100 000 mm /s [cSt].
values from the two systems may result in nonconformance
1.2 Results of this test method can be used to calculate
with the standard.
viscosity when the density of the test material at the test
1.5 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes
temperature is known or can be determined. See Annex A1 for
that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes
the method of calculation.
(excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered
NOTE 1—This test method is suitable for use at other temperatures and
as requirements of the standard.
at lower kinematic viscosities, but the precision is based on determinations
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the
on liquid asphalts and road oils at 60 °C [140 °F] and on asphalt binders
2
at 135 °C [275 °F] only in the viscosity range from 30 to 6000 mm /s
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
[cSt].
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
NOTE 2—Modified asphalt binders or asphalt binders that have been
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
conditioned or recovered are typically non-Newtonian under the condi-
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
tions of this test. The viscosity determined from this method is under the
1.7 This international standard was developed in accor-
assumption that asphalt binders behave as Newtonian fluids under the
conditions of this test. When the flow is non-Newtonian in a capillary dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
tube, the shear rate determined by this method may be invalid. The
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
presence of non-Newtonian behavior for the test conditions can be verified
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
by measuring the viscosity with viscometers having different-sized cap-
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
illary tubes. The defined precision limits in 11.1 may not be applicable to
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
non-Newtonian asphalt binders.
1.3 Warning—Mercury has been designated by the United
2. Referenced Documents
States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and many state
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
agencies as a hazardous material that can cause central nervous
C670 Practice for Preparing Precision and Bias Statements
system, kidney, and liver damage. Mercury, or its vapor, may
for Test Methods for Construction Materials
be hazardous to health and corrosive to materials. Caution
D8 Terminology Relating to Materials for Roads and Pave-
should be taken when handling mercury and mercury-
ments
containing products. See the applicable product Material
D92 Test Method for Flash and Fire Points by Cleveland
Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) or Safety Data Sheet (SDS) for
Open Cup Tester
details and the EPA’s website—http://www.epa.gov/mercury/
D341 Practice for Viscosity-Temperature Equations and
faq.htm—for additional information. Users should be aware
Charts for Liquid Petroleum or Hydrocarbon Products
D445 Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent
and Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of Dynamic Viscos-
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D04 on Road
ity)
and Paving Materials and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D04.44 on
Rheological Tests. In the IP this test method is under the jurisdiction of the
2
Standardization Committee. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2022. Published November 2022. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 1963. Las
...
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