ASTM B127-19

Standard Specification for Nickel-Copper Alloy Plate, Sheet, and Strip

ABSTRACT
This specification covers rolled nickel-copper alloy (UNS N04400) plate, sheet, and strip. The matreial shall conform to the required chemical composition for nickel, copper, iron, manganese, carbon, silicon, and sulfur. The material shall conform to the required mechanical propeties such as tensile strength, yield strength, elongation, and Rockwell hardness. The material shall conform to the required grain size. Dimensions such as plate, sheet, and strip thickness, width, or diameter, length, straightness, edges, squareness, and flatness shall be determined.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification2 covers rolled nickel-copper alloy (UNS N04400)3 plate, sheet, and strip.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to become familiar with all hazards including those identified in the appropriate Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) for this product/material as provided by the manufacturer, to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices, and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 31-Oct-2019
• ICS: 77.150.40 - Nickel and chromium products
• Technical Committee: B02 - Nonferrous Metals and Alloys
• Drafting Committee: B02.07 - Refined Nickel and Cobalt and Their Alloys

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM B127-05(2014) - Standard Specification for Nickel-Copper Alloy (UNS N04400) Plate, Sheet, and Strip
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2019
• Refers: ASTM B906-02(2017) - Standard Specification for General Requirements for Flat-Rolled Nickel and Nickel Alloys Plate, Sheet, and Strip
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2017
• Refers: ASTM B906-02(2012) - Standard Specification for General Requirements for Flat-Rolled Nickel and Nickel Alloys Plate, Sheet, and Strip
• Effective Date: 01-May-2012
• Refers: ASTM B906-02(2006) - Standard Specification for General Requirements for Flat-Rolled Nickel and Nickel Alloys Plate, Sheet, and Strip
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2006
• Refers: ASTM E140-05e1 - Standard Hardness Conversion Tables for Metals Relationship Among Brinell Hardness, Vickers Hardness, Rockwell Hardness, Superficial Hardness, Knoop Hardness, and Scleroscope Hardness
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2005
• Refers: ASTM E140-05 - Standard Hardness Conversion Tables for Metals Relationship Among Brinell Hardness, Vickers Hardness, Rockwell Hardness, Superficial Hardness, Knoop Hardness, and Scleroscope Hardness
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2005
• Refers: ASTM B906-02 - Standard Specification for General Requirements for Flat-Rolled Nickel and Nickel Alloys Plate, Sheet, and Strip
• Effective Date: 10-Oct-2002
• Refers: ASTM E140-02e1 - Standard Hardness Conversion Tables for Metals Relationship Among Brinell Hardness, Vickers Hardness, Rockwell Hardness, Superficial Hardness, Knoop Hardness, and Scleroscope Hardness
• Effective Date: 10-Jan-2002
• Refers: ASTM E140-02 - Standard Hardness Conversion Tables for Metals Relationship Among Brinell Hardness, Vickers Hardness, Rockwell Hardness, Superficial Hardness, Knoop Hardness, and Scleroscope Hardness
• Effective Date: 10-Jan-2002
• Refers: ASTM E140-97e2 - Standard Hardness Conversion Tables for Metals Relationship Among Brinell Hardness, Vickers Hardness, Rockwell Hardness, Superficial Hardness, Knoop Hardness, and Scleroscope Hardness
• Effective Date: 10-Jan-2002
• Refers: ASTM E140-97e3 - Standard Hardness Conversion Tables for Metals Relationship Among Brinell Hardness, Vickers Hardness, Rockwell Hardness, Superficial Hardness, Knoop Hardness, and Scleroscope Hardness
• Effective Date: 10-Jan-2002
• Refers: ASTM B906-00 - Standard Specification for General Requirements for Flat-Rolled Nickel and Nickel Alloys Plate, Sheet, and Strip
• Effective Date: 10-Jun-2000
• Referred By: ASTM A265-12(2019) - Standard Specification for Nickel and Nickel-Base Alloy-Clad Steel Plate
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2019
• Referred By: ASTM F96-77(2020) - Standard Specification for Electronic Grade Alloys of Copper and Nickel in Wrought Forms (Withdrawn 2024)
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2019
• Referred By: ASTM F859-21 - Standard Specification for Heat-Sanitizing Commercial Dishwashing Machines, Multiple Tank, Conveyor Rack Type
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2019

Overview

ASTM B127-19 sets forth the standard specification for rolled nickel-copper alloy (UNS N04400) plate, sheet, and strip. Developed by ASTM International, this document establishes requirements for chemical composition, mechanical properties, grain size, and various dimensional characteristics of nickel-copper alloy products. The standard is essential for ensuring quality and consistency in the production, procurement, and application of these widely-used materials. It is recognized by industries including chemical processing, marine engineering, oil and gas, and defense sectors.

Key Topics

• Material Scope: Covers hot-rolled and cold-rolled nickel-copper alloy (UNS N04400) plate, sheet, and strip in various thicknesses and widths.
• Chemical Composition: Specifies mandatory limits for elements such as nickel, copper, iron, manganese, carbon, silicon, and sulfur to ensure alloy integrity.
• Mechanical Properties: Includes minimum requirements for tensile strength, yield strength, elongation, and Rockwell hardness, ensuring reliability and performance.
• Dimensional Tolerances: Details permissible variations in thickness, width, length, straightness, squareness, flatness, and edge forms for all product types.
• Quality and Inspection: Outlines requirements for surface quality, appearance, marking, certification, and optional nondestructive testing (when specified by the purchaser).
• Ordering Guidelines: Provides instructions on specifying alloy type, dimensions, finish, quantity, and any extra requirements to ensure fit-for-purpose material supply.

Applications

The nickel-copper alloy plate, sheet, and strip manufactured to ASTM B127-19 are highly valued for their resistance to corrosion and high mechanical strength. Key application areas include:

• Marine Environments: Utilized for seawater-facing structures, heat exchangers, pump components, and hulls due to excellent corrosion resistance.
• Chemical Processing: Suited for storage and transport vessels, valves, and piping where strong resistance to acids and alkalis is required.
• Oil and Gas Industry: Used for process piping, offshore platforms, and equipment subjected to demanding environments.
• Aerospace and Defense: Selected for parts demanding superior durability and corrosion resistance, with the standard referenced by the U.S. Department of Defense.
• General Engineering: Fabricated into components where high strength-to-weight ratio and precise dimensional tolerances are vital.

Manufacturers and purchasers rely on ASTM B127-19 when specifying nickel-copper alloy materials to guarantee compatibility and consistent performance across international supply chains.

Related Standards

For comprehensive compliance and better integration into quality management systems, ASTM B127-19 should be used in conjunction with the following standards:

• ASTM B906: Specification for general requirements for flat-rolled nickel and nickel alloys.
• ASTM E140: Hardness conversion tables for metals, allowing for standardized interpretation of Rockwell, Brinell, and other hardness results.
• MIL-STD-271: Nondestructive testing requirements for metals, relevant for defense and military contracts.
• Fed. Std. No. 102 / 123 / 182: Federal standards covering preservation, marking, and identification, especially important for government contracts.
• ASME SB-127: Equivalent specification used for boiler and pressure vessel code applications.

Keywords: ASTM B127-19, nickel-copper alloy, UNS N04400, plate, sheet, strip, mechanical properties, chemical composition, marine alloys, industrial standards, corrosion resistance, dimensional tolerance, certification.

Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation:B127 −19 Used in USDOE-NE standards
Standard Specification for
Nickel-Copper Alloy Plate, Sheet, and Strip
This standard is issued under the fixed designation B127; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope* scope Hardness, and Leeb Hardness
2 F155 Method of Test for Temper of Strip and Sheet Metals
1.1 This specification covers rolled nickel-copper alloy
3 forElectronicDevices(Spring-BackMethod)(Withdrawn
(UNS N04400) plate, sheet, and strip.
1982)
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
2.2 Federal Standards:
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
Fed. Std. No. 102 Preservation, Packaging, and Packing
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
Levels
and are not considered standard.
Fed. Std. No. 123 Marking for Shipment (Civil Agencies)
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
Fed. Std. No. 182 Continuous Identification Marking of
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
Nickel and Nickel-Base Alloys
responsibility of the user of this standard to become familiar
2.3 Military Standards:
with all hazards including those identified in the appropriate
MIL-STD-129 Marking for Shipment and Storage
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) for this product/material
MIL-STD-271 Nondestructive Testing Requirements for
as provided by the manufacturer, to establish appropriate
Metals
safety, health, and environmental practices, and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
3. Terminology
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
3.1 Descriptions of Terms Specific to This Standard—The
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
terms given in Table 1 shall apply.
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
4. General Requirements
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
4.1 Material furnished under this specification shall con-
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
form to the applicable requirements of Specification B906
2. Referenced Documents unless otherwise provided herein.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
5. Ordering Information
B906 Specification for General Requirements for Flat-
5.1 It is the responsibility of the purchaser to specify all
Rolled Nickel and Nickel Alloys Plate, Sheet, and Strip
requirements that are necessary for material ordered under this
E140 Hardness Conversion Tables for Metals Relationship
specification. Examples of such requirements include, but are
Among Brinell Hardness, Vickers Hardness, Rockwell
not limited to the following:
Hardness, Superficial Hardness, Knoop Hardness, Sclero-
5.1.1 Alloy—Name or UNS number (see Table 2).
5.1.2 ASTM designation, including year of issue.
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B02 on
5.1.3 Condition—See 7.1, 7.2, and Appendix X1.
Nonferrous Metals and Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
5.1.4 Finish—See Appendix X1.
B02.07 on Refined Nickel and Cobalt and Their Alloys.
5.1.5 Dimensions—Thickness, width, and length.
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2019. Published November 2019. Originally
approved in 1939. Last previous edition approved in 2014 as B127 – 05 (2014). 5.1.6 Quantity.
DOI: 10.1520/B0127-19.
5.1.7 Optional Requirements:
For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications, see related Specifi-
cation SB-127 in Section II of that code.
New designation established in accordance with ASTM E527 and SAE J1086,
Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys (UNS). The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or www.astm.org.
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, DODSSP, Bldg. 4,
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Section D, 700 Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5098, http://
the ASTM website. www.dodssp.daps.mil.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
B127−19
TABLE 1 Product Description
5.1.8 Fabrication Details—Not mandatory but helpful to
Product Thickness, in. (mm) the manufacturer.
A
Hot-rolled plate ⁄16 and over
5.1.8.1 Welding or Brazing—Process to be employed.
A
Hot-rolled sheet 0.018 to 0.250 (0.46 to 6.4), incl
B 5.1.8.2 Plate—Whether material is to be hot-formed.
Cold-rolled sheet 0.018 to 0.250 (0.46 to 6.4), incl
B
Cold-rolled strip 0.005 to 0.250 (0.13 to 6.4), incl
5.1.9 Samples for Product (Check) Analysis—Whether
A
3 1
Material ⁄16to ⁄4in.(4.8to6.4mm),incl,inthicknessmaybefurnishedassheet samples for product (check) analysis should be furnished (see
or plate provided the material meets the specification requirements for the
Specification B906, section on Sampling).
condition ordered.
B
Material under 48 in. (1219 mm) in width may be furnished as sheet or strip 5.1.10 Purchaser Inspection—If the purchaser wishes to
provided the material meets the specification requirements for the condition
witness the tests or inspection of material at the place of
ordered.
manufacture, the purchase order must so state indicating which
tests or inspections are to be witnessed (see Specification
B906, section on Inspection).
TABLE 2 Chemical Requirements
Composition,%
Element
6. Chemical Composition
Alloy N04400
A
Nickel, min 63.0
6.1 The material shall conform to the requirements as to
Copper 28.0 to 34.0
chemical composition prescribed in Table 2.
Iron, max 2.5
6.2 If a product (check) analysis is performed by the
Manganese, 2.0
purchaser, the material shall conform to the product (check)
max
Carbon, max 0.3
analysis variations prescribed in Specification B906.
Silicon, max 0.5
Sulfur, max 0.024
7. Mechanical and Other Requirements
A
Element shall be determined arithmetically by difference.
7.1 Mechanical Properties—The material shall conform to
the requirements for mechanical properties prescribed in Table
3.
5.1.7.1 Sheet and Strip—Whether to be furnished in coil, in
7.2 Deep-Drawing and Spinning Quality Sheet and Strip—
cut straight lengths, or in random straight lengths.
The material shall conform to the requirements for grain size
5.1.7.2 Strip—Whether to be furnished with commercial slit
and hardness properties prescribed in Table 4.
edge, square edge, or round edge.
5.1.7.3 Plate—Whether to be furnished specially flattened 7.2.1 The mechanical properties of Table 3 do not apply to
(7.2); also how plate is to be cut (8.2.1 and 8.3.2). deep-drawing and spinning quality sheet and strip.
TABLE 3 Mechanical Properties for Plate, Sheet, and Strip (All Thicknesses and Sizes Unless Otherwise Indicated)
Elongation
A
Condition Tensile Strength, min, psi Yield Strength (0.2 % in 2 in. or Rockwell Hardness
B,C
offset), min, psi (MPa)
(Temper) (MPa) 50 mm, or (B Scale)
4D,min,%
Hot-Rolled Plate
Annealed 70 000 (485) 28 000 (195) 35 .
D,E
As-rolled 75 000 (515) 40 000 (275) 25 .
Hot-Rolled Sheet
Annealed 70 000 (485) 28 000 (195) 35 .
Cold-Rolled Sheet
Annealed 70 000 to 85 000 (485 to 585) 28 000 (195) 35 .
Quarter-hard . . . 73 to 83
Half-hard . . . 82 to 90
Hard 100 000 (690) 90 000 (620) 2 .
Cold-Rolled Strip
F F
Annealed 70 000 to 85 000 (485 to 585) 28 000 (195) 35 .
Skin hard . . . 68 to 73
Quarter-hard . . . 73 to 83
Half-hard . . . 82 to 90
Three-quarter-hard . . . 89 to 94
F F
Hard 100 000 (690) 90 000 (620) 2 .
Spring temper . . . 98 min
A
Yield strength requirements do not apply to material under 0.020 in. (0.51 mm) in thickness.
B
For Rockwell or equivalent hardness conversions see Hardness Conversion Tables E140.
C
CautionshouldbeobservedinusingtheRockwelltestonthinmaterial,astheresultsmaybeaffectedbyspecimenthickness.Forthicknessesunder0.050in.(1.3mm),
the use of the Rockwell superficial or the Vickers hardness test is suggested.
D
As-rolled plate may be given a stress-relieving heat treatment subsequent to final rolling.
E
As-rolled plate specified “suitable for hot forming” shall be furnished from heats of known good hot-malleability characteristics (see X1.2.2). There are no applicable
tensile or hardness requirements for such material.
F
Not applicable for thickness under 0.010 in. (0.25 mm).
B127−19
TABLE 4 Grain Size and Hardness for Cold-Rolled, Deep-Drawing, and Spinning Quality Sheet and Strip
Calculated Diameter of Corresponding
A,B
Rockwell B
Thickness, in. (mm) Average Grain Section, max ASTM Micro-
Hardness, max
mm in. Grain Size No.
Sheet (56 in. (1420 mm) Wide and Under)
0.050 (1.3) and under 0.075 0.0030 4.5 76
Over 0.050 to 0.250 (1.3 to 6.4), incl 0.110 0.0043 3.5 76
C
Strip (12 in. (305 mm) Wide and Under)
D E E
0.005 to 0.015 (0.13 to 0.38), incl 0.022 0.0009 8 76
Over 0.015 to 0.024 (0.38 to 0.61), incl 0.060 0.0024 5.5 76
Over 0.024 to 0.125 (0.61 to 3.2), incl 0.075 0.0030 4.5 76
A
For Rockwell or equivalent hardness conversions see Hardness Conversion Tables E140.
B
Caution should be observed in using the Rockwell test on thin material as the results may be affected by specimen thickness. For thicknesses under 0.050 in. (1.3 mm),
the use of the Rockwell superficial or the Vickers hardness test is suggested.
C
Sheet requirements in Table 4 apply to strip thicknesses over 0.125 in. (3.2 mm), and for all thicknesses of strip over 12 in. (305 mm) in width.
D
For ductility evaluations for strip under 0.005 in. (0.13 mm) in thickness, the spring-back test such as described inTest Method F155 is often used and the manufacturer
should be consulted.
E
Accurate grain size and hardness determinations are difficult to make on strip under 0.005 in. (0.13 mm) in thickness and are not recommended.
8. Dimensions and Permissible Variations 8.5 Straightness:
8.5.1 The edgewise curvature (depth of chord) of flat sheet,
8.1 Weight:
strip, and plate shall not exceed 0.05 in. multiplied by the
8.1.1 For calculations of mass or weight a density of 0.319
3 3
length in feet (0.04 mm multiplied by the length in centime-
lb/in. (8.83 g/cm ) shall be used.
tres).
8.2 Thickness:
8.5.2 Straightness for coiled material is subject to agree-
8.2.1 Plate—For plate up to 2 in. (50.8 mm) inclusive, in
ment between the manufacturer and the purchaser.
thickness, the permissible variation, under the specified thick-
8.6 Edges:
ness and permissible excess in overweight shall not exceed the
8.6.1 When finished edges of strip are specified in the
amounts prescribed in Specification B906, see Permissible
contract or purchase order, the following descriptions shall
Variations in Thickness and Overweight of Rectangular Plates
apply:
Table.
8.2.2 Plate—For plate over 2 in. (50.8 mm) in thickness, the 8.6.1.1 Square-edge strip shall be supplied with finished
permissible variations over the specified thickness shall not edges, with sharp, square corners, and without bevel or
exceed the amounts prescribed in Specification B906, see rounding.
Permissible Variations in Thickness for Rectangular Plates 8.6.1.2 Round-edge strip shall be supplied with finished
Over 2 in. (51 mm) in Thickness Table.
edges, semicircular in form, and the diameter of the circle
8.2.3 Sheet and Strip—The permissible variations in thick- forming the edge being equal to the strip thickness.
ness of sheet and strip shall be prescribed in Specification
8.6.1.3 When no description of any required form of strip
B906, see Permissible Variations in Thickness of Sheet and
edge is given, it shall be understood that edges such as those
Strip Table. The thickness of strip and sheet shall be measured
resulting from slitting or shearing will be acceptable.
with the micrometer spindle ⁄8 in. (9.5 mm) or more from
8.6.1.4 Sheet shall have sheared or slit edges.
either edge for material 1 in. (25.4 mm) or over in width and
8.6.1.5 Plate shall have sheared or cut (machined, abrasive-
at any place on the strip under 1 in. in width.
cut, powder-cut, or inert-arc-cut) edges, as specified.
8.3 Width or Diameter:
8.7 Squareness (Sheet)—For sheets of all thicknesses, the
8.3.1 Plate—The permissible variations in width of rectan-
angle between adjacent sides shall be 90 6 0.15° ( ⁄16 in. in 24
gular plates and diameter of circular plates shall be as
in.) (1.6 mm in 610 mm).
prescribed in Specification B906, see Permissible Variations in
8.8 Flatness:
Width of Sheared, Plasma Torch-Cut, and Abrasive-Cut Rect-
8.8.1 There shall be no flatness requirements for “deep
angular Plate Table and Permissible Variations in Diameter for
drawing quality,” “spinning quality,” or “as-rolled,” sheet and
Circular Plates Table.
strip (see X1.4).
8.3.2 Sheet and Strip—The permissible variations in width
8.8.2 Standard flatness tolerances for plate shall conform to
for sheet and strip shall be as prescribed in Specification B906,
the requirements prescribed in Table 5. “Specially flattened”
see Permissible Variations in Width of Sheet and Strip Table.
plate when so specified, shall have permissible variations in
8.4 Length:
flatness as agreed upon between the manufacturer and the
8.4.1 Sheet and strip of all sizes may be ordered to cut
purchaser.
lengths in which case, a variation of ⁄8 in. (3.2 mm) over the
specified length shall be permitted.
9. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance
8.4.2 Permissible variations in length of rectangular plate
shall be as prescribed in Specification B906, see Permissible 9.1 The material shall be uniform in quality and temper,
Variations in Length of Sheared, Plasma Torch-Cut, and smooth, commercially straight or flat, and free of injurious
Abrasive-Cut Rectangular Plate Table. imperfections.
B127−19
TABLE 5 Permissible Var
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: B127 − 05 (Reapproved 2014) B127 − 19 Used in USDOE-NE standards
Standard Specification for
Nickel-Copper Alloy (UNS N04400) Plate, Sheet, and Strip
This standard is issued under the fixed designation B127; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope Scope*
2 3
1.1 This specification covers rolled nickel-copper alloy (UNS N04400) plate, sheet, and strip.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to become familiar with all hazards including those identified in the appropriate Material Safety Data
Sheet (MSDS) for this product/material as provided by the manufacturer, to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and
healthenvironmental practices, and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
B906 Specification for General Requirements for Flat-Rolled Nickel and Nickel Alloys Plate, Sheet, and Strip
E140 Hardness Conversion Tables for Metals Relationship Among Brinell Hardness, Vickers Hardness, Rockwell Hardness,
Superficial Hardness, Knoop Hardness, Scleroscope Hardness, and Leeb Hardness
F155 Method of Test for Temper of Strip and Sheet Metals for Electronic Devices (Spring-Back Method) (Withdrawn 1982)
2.2 Federal Standards:
Fed. Std. No. 102 Preservation, Packaging, and Packing Levels
Fed. Std. No. 123 Marking for Shipment (Civil Agencies)
Fed. Std. No. 182 Continuous Identification Marking of Nickel and Nickel-Base Alloys
2.3 Military Standards:
MIL-STD-129 Marking for Shipment and Storage
MIL-STD-271 Nondestructive Testing Requirements for Metals
3. Terminology
3.1 Descriptions of Terms Specific to This Standard—The terms given in Table 1 shall apply.
4. General Requirements
4.1 Material furnished under this specification shall conform to the applicable requirements of Specification B906 unless
otherwise provided herein.
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B02 on Nonferrous Metals and Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee B02.07 on Refined
Nickel and Cobalt and Their Alloys.
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2014Nov. 1, 2019. Published October 2014November 2019. Originally approved in 1939. Last previous edition approved in 20092014
as B127 – 05 (2009).(2014). DOI: 10.1520/B0127-05R14.10.1520/B0127-19.
For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications, see related Specification SB-127 in Section II of that code.
New designation established in accordance with ASTM E527 and SAE J1086, Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys (UNS).
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.astm.org.
Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, DODSSP, Bldg. 4, Section D, 700 Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5098, http://www.dodssp.daps.mil.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
B127 − 19
TABLE 1 Product Description
Product Thickness, in. (mm)
A
Hot-rolled plate ⁄16 and over
A
Hot-rolled sheet 0.018 to 0.250 (0.46 to 6.4), incl
B
Cold-rolled sheet 0.018 to 0.250 (0.46 to 6.4), incl
B
Cold-rolled strip 0.005 to 0.250 (0.13 to 6.4), incl
A
3 1
Material ⁄16 to ⁄4 in. (4.8 to 6.4 mm), incl, in thickness may be furnished as sheet
or plate provided the material meets the specification requirements for the
condition ordered.
B
Material under 48 in. (1219 mm) in width may be furnished as sheet or strip
provided the material meets the specification requirements for the condition
ordered.
5. Ordering Information
5.1 It is the responsibility of the purchaser to specify all requirements that are necessary for material ordered under this
specification. Examples of such requirements include, but are not limited to the following:
5.1.1 Alloy—Name or UNS number (see Table 2).
5.1.2 ASTM designation, including year of issue.
5.1.3 Condition—See 7.1, 7.2, and Appendix X1.
5.1.4 Finish—See Appendix X1.
5.1.5 Dimensions—Thickness, width, and length.
5.1.6 Quantity.
5.1.7 Optional Requirements:
5.1.7.1 Sheet and Strip—Whether to be furnished in coil, in cut straight lengths, or in random straight lengths.
5.1.7.2 Strip—Whether to be furnished with commercial slit edge, square edge, or round edge.
5.1.7.3 Plate—Whether to be furnished specially flattened (7.2); also how plate is to be cut (8.2.1 and 8.3.2).
5.1.8 Fabrication Details—Not mandatory but helpful to the manufacturer.
5.1.8.1 Welding or Brazing—Process to be employed.
5.1.8.2 Plate—Whether material is to be hot-formed.
5.1.9 Certification—State if certification or a report of test results is required (see Specification B906, section on Material Test
Report and Certification).
5.1.9 Samples for Product (Check) Analysis—Whether samples for product (check) analysis should be furnished (see
Specification B906, section on Sampling).
5.1.10 Purchaser Inspection—If the purchaser wishes to witness the tests or inspection of material at the place of manufacture,
the purchase order must so state indicating which tests or inspections are to be witnessed (see Specification B906, section on
Inspection).
6. Chemical Composition
6.1 The material shall conform to the requirements as to chemical composition prescribed in Table 2.
6.2 If a product (check) analysis is performed by the purchaser, the material shall conform to the product (check) analysis
variations prescribed in Specification B906.
7. Mechanical and Other Requirements
7.1 Mechanical Properties—The material shall conform to the requirements for mechanical properties prescribed in Table 3.
TABLE 2 Chemical Requirements
Composition,%
Element
Alloy N04400
A
Nickel, min 63.0
Copper 28.0 to 34.0
Iron, max 2.5
Manganese, 2.0
max
Carbon, max 0.3
Silicon, max 0.5
Sulfur, max 0.024
A
Element shall be determined arithmetically by difference.
B127 − 19
TABLE 3 Mechanical Properties for Plate, Sheet, and Strip (All Thicknesses and Sizes Unless Otherwise Indicated)
Elongation
A
Condition Tensile Strength, min, psi in 2 in. or Rockwell Hardness
Yield Strength (0.2 %
B,C
offset), min, psi (MPa)
(Temper) (MPa) 50 mm, or (B Scale)
4D, min, %
Hot-Rolled Plate
Annealed 70 000 (485) 28 000 (195) 35 .
D,E
As-rolled 75 000 (515) 40 000 (275) 25 .
Hot-Rolled Sheet
Annealed 70 000 (485) 28 000 (195) 35 .
Cold-Rolled Sheet
Annealed 70 000 to 85 000 (485 to 585) 28 000 (195) 35 .
Quarter-hard . . . 73 to 83
Half-hard . . . 82 to 90
Hard 100 000 (690) 90 000 (620) 2 .
Cold-Rolled Strip
F F
Annealed 70 000 to 85 000 (485 to 585) 28 000 (195) 35 .
Skin hard . . . 68 to 73
Quarter-hard . . . 73 to 83
Half-hard . . . 82 to 90
Three-quarter-hard . . . 89 to 94
F F
Hard 100 000 (690) 90 000 (620) 2 .
Spring temper . . . 98 min
A
Yield strength requirements do not apply to material under 0.020 in. (0.51 mm) in thickness.
B
For Rockwell or equivalent hardness conversions see Hardness Conversion Tables E140.
C
Caution should be observed in using the Rockwell test on thin material, as the results may be affected by specimen thickness. For thicknesses under 0.050 in. (1.3 mm),
the use of the Rockwell superficial or the Vickers hardness test is suggested.
D
As-rolled plate may be given a stress-relieving heat treatment subsequent to final rolling.
E
As-rolled plate specified “suitable for hot forming” shall be furnished from heats of known good hot-malleability characteristics (see X1.2.2). There are no applicable
tensile or hardness requirements for such material.
F
Not applicable for thickness under 0.010 in. (0.25 mm).
7.2 Deep-Drawing and Spinning Quality Sheet and Strip—The material shall conform to the requirements for grain size and
hardness properties prescribed in Table 4.
7.2.1 The mechanical properties of Table 3 do not apply to deep-drawing and spinning quality sheet and strip.
8. Dimensions and Permissible Variations
8.1 Weight:
3 3
8.1.1 For calculations of mass or weight a density of 0.319 lb/in. (8.83 g/cm ) shall be used.
8.2 Thickness:
8.2.1 Plate—For plate up to 2 in. (50.8 mm) inclusive, in thickness, the permissible variation, under the specified thickness and
permissible excess in overweight shall not exceed the amounts prescribed in Specification B906, see Permissible Variations in
Thickness and Overweight of Rectangular Plates Table.
8.2.2 Plate—For plate over 2 in. (50.8 mm) in thickness, the permissible variations over the specified thickness shall not exceed
the amounts prescribed in Specification B906, see Permissible Variations in Thickness for Rectangular Plates Over 2 in. (51 mm)
in Thickness Table.
TABLE 4 Grain Size and Hardness for Cold-Rolled, Deep-Drawing, and Spinning Quality Sheet and Strip
Calculated Diameter of Corresponding
A,B
Rockwell B
Thickness, in. (mm) Average Grain Section, max ASTM Micro-
Hardness, max
mm in. Grain Size No.
Sheet (56 in. (1420 mm) Wide and Under)
0.050 (1.3) and under 0.075 0.0030 4.5 76
Over 0.050 to 0.250 (1.3 to 6.4), incl 0.110 0.0043 3.5 76
C
Strip (12 in. (305 mm) Wide and Under)
D E E
0.005 to 0.015 (0.13 to 0.38), incl 0.022 0.0009 8 76
Over 0.015 to 0.024 (0.38 to 0.61), incl 0.060 0.0024 5.5 76
Over 0.024 to 0.125 (0.61 to 3.2), incl 0.075 0.0030 4.5 76
A
For Rockwell or equivalent hardness conversions see Hardness Conversion Tables E140.
B
Caution should be observed in using the Rockwell test on thin material as the results may be affected by specimen thickness. For thicknesses under 0.050 in. (1.3 mm),
the use of the Rockwell superficial or the Vickers hardness test is suggested.
C
Sheet requirements in Table 4 apply to strip thicknesses over 0.125 in. (3.2 mm), and for all thicknesses of strip over 12 in. (305 mm) in width.
D
For ductility evaluations for strip under 0.005 in. (0.13 mm) in thickness, the spring-back test such as described in Test Method F155 is often used and the manufacturer
should be consulted.
E
Accurate grain size and hardness determinations are difficult to make on strip under 0.005 in. (0.13 mm) in thickness and are not recommended.
B127 − 19
8.2.3 Sheet and Strip—The permissible variations in thickness of sheet and strip shall be prescribed in Specification B906, see
Permissible Variations in Thickness of Sheet and Strip Table. The thickness of strip and sheet shall be measured with the
micrometer spindle ⁄8 in. (9.5 mm) or more from either edge for material 1 in. (25.4 mm) or over in width and at any place on
the strip under 1 in. in width.
8.3 Width or Diameter:
8.3.1 Plate—The permissible variations in width of rectangular plates and diameter of circular plates shall be as prescribed in
Specification B906, see Permissible Variations in Width of Sheared, Plasma Torch-Cut, and Abrasive-Cut Rectangular Plate Table
and Permissible Variations in Diameter for Circular Plates Table.
8.3.2 Sheet and Strip—The permissible variations in width for sheet and strip shall be as prescribed in Specification B906, see
Permissible Variations in Width of Sheet and Strip Table.
8.4 Length:
8.4.1 Sheet and strip of all sizes may be ordered to cut lengths in which case, a variation of ⁄8 in. (3.2 mm) over the specified
length shall be permitted.
8.4.2 Permissible variations in length of rectangular plate shall be as prescribed in Specification B906, see Permissible
Variations in Length of Sheared, Plasma Torch-Cut, and Abrasive-Cut Rectangular Plate Table.
8.5 Straightness:
8.5.1 The edgewise curvature (depth of chord) of flat sheet, strip, and plate shall not exceed 0.05 in. multiplied by the length
in feet (0.04 mm multiplied by the length in centimetres).
8.5.2 Straightness for coiled material is subject to agreement between the manufacturer and the purchaser.
8.6 Edges:
8.6.1 When finished edges of strip are specified in the contract or purchase order, the following descriptions shall apply:
8.6.1.1 Square-edge strip shall be supplied with finished edges, with sharp, square corners, and without bevel or rounding.
8.6.1.2 Round-edge strip shall be supplied with finished edges, semicircular in form, and the diameter of the circle forming the
edge being equal to the strip thickness.
8.6.1.3 When no description of any required form of strip edge is given, it shall be understood that edges such as those resulting
from slitting or shearing will be acceptable.
8.6.1.4 Sheet shall have sheared or slit edges.
8.6.1.5 Plate shall have sheared or cut (machined, abrasive-cut, powder-cut, or inert-arc-cut) edges, as specified.
8.7 Squareness (Sheet)—For sheets of all thicknesses, the angle between adjacent sides shall be 90 6 0.15° ( ⁄16 in. in 24 in.)
(1.6 mm in 610 mm).
8.8 Flatness:
8.8.1 There shall be no flatness requirements for “deep drawing quality,” “spinning quality,” or “as-rolled,” sheet and strip (see
X1.4).
8.8.2 Standard flatness tolerances for plate shall conform to the requirements prescribed in Table 5. “Specially flattened” plate
when so specified, shall have permissible variations in flatness as agreed upon between the manufacturer and the purchaser.
9. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance
9.1 The material shall be uniform in quality and temper, smooth, commercially straight or flat, and
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