ASTM D4290-07
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Determining the Leakage Tendencies of Automotive Wheel Bearing Grease Under Accelerated Conditions
Standard Test Method for Determining the Leakage Tendencies of Automotive Wheel Bearing Grease Under Accelerated Conditions
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method differentiates among wheel bearing greases having distinctly different high-temperature leakage characteristics. It is not the equivalent of longtime service tests.
This test method has proven to be helpful in screening greases with respect to leakage tendencies for automotive wheel bearing applications.
Note 1—It is possible for skilled operators to observe changes in grease characteristics that can occur during the test, such as grease condition. Leakage is reported as a quantitative value, whereas the evaluation of grease condition is subject to differences in personal judgment among operators and cannot be used effectively for quantitative measurements.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers a laboratory procedure for evaluating leakage tendencies of wheel bearing greases when tested under prescribed conditions.
1.2 &si-value; The exception is apparatus dimensions, in inches, which are to be regarded as the standard.
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific warning statements, see Section 8.
General Information
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Standards Content (Sample)
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
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Designation:D4290–07
Standard Test Method for
Determining the Leakage Tendencies of Automotive Wheel
1
Bearing Grease Under Accelerated Conditions
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4290; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope surface tension and other physical forces. Other ingredients are
commonly included to impart special properties.
1.1 This test method covers a laboratory procedure for
3.1.3 thickener, n—in lubricating grease, a substance com-
evaluating leakage tendencies of wheel bearing greases when
posed of finely-divided particles dispersed in a liquid lubricant
tested under prescribed conditions.
to form the product’s structure.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
3.1.3.1 Discussion—The solid thickener can be fibers (such
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
as various metallic soaps) or plates or spheres (such as certain
standard. The exception is apparatus dimensions, in inches,
non-soap thickeners) which are insoluble or, at the most, only
which are to be regarded as the standard.
very slightly soluble in the liquid lubricant. The general
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
requirements are that the solid particles be extremely small,
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
uniformlydispersed,andcapableofformingarelativelystable,
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
gel-like structure with the liquid lubricant.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific
3.2.1 automotive wheel bearing grease, n— a lubricating
warning statements, see Section 8.
grease specifically formulated to lubricate automotive wheel
2. Referenced Documents bearings at relatively high grease temperatures and bearing
speeds.
2.1 AFBMA Standard:
2
3.2.2 leakage, n—of wheel bearing grease, separation and
AFBMA Standard 19 1974 (ANSI B.3.19-1975)
overflow of grease or oil from the bulk grease charge, induced
3. Terminology
by high temperatures and bearing rotation.
3.1 Definitions:
4. Summary of Test Method
3.1.1 lubricant, n—any material interposed between two
4.1 The test grease is distributed in a modified, automobile
surfaces that reduces the friction or wear between them.
front wheel hub-spindle-bearings assembly.While the bearings
3.1.2 lubricating grease, n—a semifluid to solid product of
are thrust-loaded to 111 N, the hub is rotated at 1000 rpm and
a dispersion of a thickener in a liquid lubricant.
the spindle temperature maintained at 160°C for 20 h. Leakage
3.1.2.1 Discussion—Thedispersionofthethickenerformsa
of grease or oil, or both, is measured, and the condition of the
two-phase system and immobilizes the liquid lubricant by
bearing surface is noted at the end of the test.
5. Significance and Use
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
5.1 This test method differentiates among wheel bearing
Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
greases having distinctly different high-temperature leakage
D02.G0.05 on Functional Tests - Temperature.
Current edition approved July 15, 2007. Published August 2007. Originally
characteristics.Itisnottheequivalentoflongtimeservicetests.
approved in 1983. Last previous edition approved in 2002 as D4290–02. DOI:
5.2 This test method has proven to be helpful in screening
10.1520/D4290-07.
2 greases with respect to leakage tendencies for automotive
Available fromAmerican National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,
4th Floor, New York, NY 10036. wheel bearing applications.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
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D4290–07
NOTE 1—It is possible for skilled operators to observe changes in
8. Reagents and Materials
grease characteristics that can occur during the test, such as grease
3
8.1 Penmul L460 (previously called Penetone-ECS) —
condition. Leakage is reported as a quantitative value, whereas the
(Warning—Combustible. Vapors can be harmful.)
evaluation of grease condition is subject to differences in personal
8.2 n-heptane—reagent grade minimum purity.
judgment among operators and cannot be used effectively for quantitative
measurements. (Warning—Flammable. Harmful if inhaled.)
8.3 Isopropyl Alcohol—reagent grade minimum purity.
6. Apparatus
(Warning—Flammable.)
8.4 Mineral Spirits—reagent grade. (War
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