ASTM B243-04c
(Terminology)Standard Terminology of Powder Metallurgy
Standard Terminology of Powder Metallurgy
SCOPE
1.1 This terminology includes definitions of terms that are useful to the powder metallurgy industry. These definitions are helpful in the interpretation and application of powder metallurgy terms.
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Designation:B243–04c
Standard Terminology of
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Powder Metallurgy
This standard is issued under the fixed designation B243; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 2.7 Metal Injection Molding, 3.2.9
1.1 This terminology standard includes definitions that are
3. Sintering:
helpful in the interpretation and application of powder metal-
3.1 Process for Sintering, 3.3.1
lurgy terms.
3.2 Conditions During Sintering, 3.3.2
2. Referenced Documents 3.3 Phenomena Resulting from Sintering, 3.3.3
3.4 Properties of Sintered Parts, 3.3.4
2.1 ASTM Standards:
3.5 Procedure to Evaluate Sintered Parts, 3.3.5
B331 TestMethodforCompressibilityofMetalPowdersin
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3.6 Removal of Binders, 3.3.6
Uniaxial Compaction
3. Terminology
4. Postsinter Treatments:
4.1 Processes, 3.4.1
3.1 Powder—Terms associated with production, character-
ization, use, and testing of metal powders.
5. Miscellaneous:
5.1 Definitions, 3.5.1
3.1.1 Table of Contents
5.2 Processes, 3.5.2
1. Powders:
5.3 Materials, 3.5.3
1.0 General, 3.1.2
1.1 Processes to Produce Powder, 3.1.3
3.1.2 General:
1.2 Types of Powder, 3.1.4
1001 agglomerate, n—several particles adhering together.
1.3 Shapes of Powder Particles, 3.1.5
1002 particulate matter, n—see powder.
1.4 Additives to Powder, 3.1.6
1003 P/M, n—the acronym representing powder metallurgy.
1.5 Treatment of Powder, 3.1.7
Used as P/M Part, P/M Product, P/M Process, and so forth.
1.6 Properties of Powder, 3.1.8
1004 powder metallurgy, n—the production and utilization
1.7 Procedures to Evaluate Powder, 3.1.9
of metal powders.
1.8 Equipment to Evaluate Powder, 3.1.10
1005 powder, n—particlesthatareusuallylessthan1000µm
(1 mm) in size.
2. Forming:
1006 metal powder, n—particles of elemental metals or
2.0 General, 3.2.1
alloys, normally less than 1000 µm (1 mm) in size.
2.1 Processes for Compacting, 3.2.2
2.2 Conditions of Compacting, 3.2.3
3.1.3 Processes to Produce Powder:
2.3 Tools Used for Compacting, 3.2.4
1101 atomization, n—the dispersion of a molten metal into
2.4 Phenomena Resulting from Compaction, 3.2.5
particles by a rapidly moving gas or liquid stream or by
2.5 Properties of Compacts, 3.2.7
mechanical means.
2.6 Forging, 3.2.8
1102 granulation, n—the production of coarse metal par-
ticles by pouring the molten metal through a screen into water
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This terminology is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee B09 on Metal
(shotting) or by violent agitation of the molten metal while
Powders and Metal Powder Products and is the direct responsibility of Subcom-
solidifying.
mittee B09.01 on Nomenclature and Technical Data.
1103 classification, n—separation of a powder into fractions
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2004. Published December 2004. Originally
approved in 1949. Last previous edition approved in 2004 as B243–04b. according to particle size.
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For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
1104 air classification, n—the separation of powder into
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
particle size fractions by means of an air stream of controlled
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
velocity.
the ASTM website.
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B243–04c
1105 gas classification, n—the separation of powder into 1213 spongy, n—a porous condition in metal powder par-
particle size fractions by means of a gas stream of controlled ticles usually observed in reduced oxides.
velocity.
1214 sponge iron, n—a coherent, porous mass of substan-
1106 chemical deposition, n—the precipitation of one metal
tially pure iron produced by solid-state reduction of iron oxide
from a solution of its salts by the addition of another metal or (for example, iron ore or mill scale).
reagent to the solution.
1215 sponge iron powder, n—ground and sized sponge iron,
1107 chemically precipitated metal powder, n—powder pro-
which may have been purified or annealed or both.
duced by the reduction of a metal from a solution of its salts
1216 mixed powder, n—a powder made by mixing two or
either by the addition of another metal higher in the electro-
more powders as uniformly as possible. The constituent
motive series or by other reducing agent.
powders will differ in chemical composition or in particle size
1108 reduced metal powder, n—metal powder produced,
or shape, or a combination thereof.
without melting, by the chemical reduction of metal oxides or
1217 premix, n—a uniform mixtu
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