ASTM C1157-00a
(Specification)Standard Performance Specification for Hydraulic Cement
Standard Performance Specification for Hydraulic Cement
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers hydraulic cements for both general and special applications. This is a specification giving performance requirements. There are no restrictions on the composition of the cement or its constituents.
1.2 The specification classifies cements by type based on specific requirements for general use, high early strength, resistance to attack by sulfates, and heat of hydration. Optional requirements are provided for the property of low reactivity with alkali-reactive aggregates.
1.3 For properties where values are given in both SI and inch-pound units, the values in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. Values in SI units shall be obtained by measurement in SI units or by appropriate conversion, using the Rules for Conversion and Rounding given in Standard IEEE/ASTM SI 10, of measurements made in other units.
1.4 The text of this standard refers to notes and footnotes that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) are not requirements of the standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Note 1--Specification C150 is a prescription specification for portland cement and specification C595 is a specification for blended hydraulic cement where the products that may be furnished are of restricted nature and proportions and where the products must meet prescriptive requirements as to chemical and physical properties.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
Designation: C 1157 – 00a
Standard Performance Specification for
Hydraulic Cement
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1157; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope C114 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Hydraulic
Cement
1.1 This specification covers hydraulic cements for both
C150 Specification for Portland Cement
general and special applications. This is a specification giving
C151 Test Method for Autoclave Expansion of Portland
performance requirements. There are no restrictions on the
Cement
composition of the cement or its constituents.
C183 Practice for Sampling and the Amount of Testing of
1.2 The specification classifies cements by type based on
Hydraulic Cement
specific requirements for general use, high early strength,
C185 Test Method for Air Content of Hydraulic Cement
resistancetoattackbysulfates,andheatofhydration.Optional
Mortar
requirements are provided for the property of low reactivity
C186 Test Method for Heat of Hydration of Hydraulic
with alkali-reactive aggregates.
Cement
1.3 For properties where values are given in both SI and
C188 Test Method for Density of Hydraulic Cement
inch-pound units, the values in SI units are to be regarded as
C191 Test Method for Time of Setting of Hydraulic Ce-
the standard. Values in SI units shall be obtained by measure-
ment by Vicat Needle
ment in SI units or by appropriate conversion, using the Rules
C204 Test Method for Fineness of Hydraulic Cement by
for Conversion and Rounding given in Standard IEEE/ASTM
Air Permeability Apparatus
SI 10, of measurements made in other units.
C219 Terminology Relating to Hydraulic Cement
1.4 The text of this standard refers to notes and footnotes
C226 Specification forAir-EntrainingAdditions for Use in
that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes
the Manufacture of Air-Entraining Hydraulic Cement
(excluding those in tables and figures) are not requirements of
C 227 Test Method for Potential Alkali Reactivity of
the standard.
Cement-Aggregate Combinations (Mortar-Bar Method)
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
C311 Test Methods for Sampling and Testing Fly Ash or
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
Natural Pozzolans for Use as a Mineral Admixture in
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
Portland-Cement Concrete
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
C430 Test Method for Fineness of Hydraulic Cement by
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
the 45-µm (No. 325) Sieve
NOTE 1—SpecificationC150isaprescriptionspecificationforportland
C441 TestMethodforEffectivenessofMineralAdmixtures
cement and specification C595 is a specification for blended hydraulic
or Ground Blast-Furnace Slag in Preventing Excessive
cement where the products that may be furnished are of restricted nature
Expansion of Concrete Due to the Alkali-Silica Reaction
and proportions and where the products must meet prescriptive require-
C451 Test Method for Early Stiffening of Hydraulic Ce-
ments as to chemical and physical properties.
ment (Paste Method)
2. Referenced Documents
C465 Specification for ProcessingAdditions for Use in the
Manufacture of Hydraulic Cements
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C595 Specifications for Blended Hydraulic Cements
C109/C109M Test Method for Compressive Strength of
C688 Specification for Functional Additions for Use in
Hydraulic Cement Mortars (Using 2-in. or 50-mm Cube
Hydraulic Cements
Specimens)
C1012 Test Method for Length Change of Hydraulic-
Cement Mortars Exposed to a Sulfate Solution
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C01 on
C1038 Test Method for Expansion of Portland Cement
Cement and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C01.10 on Hydraulic
Mortar Bars Stored in Water
Cements for General Concrete Construction.
Current edition approved Aug. 10, 2000. Published October 2000. Originally
published as C1157–92. Last previous edition C1157–00.
2 3
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.01. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.02.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
C 1157
IEEE/ASTM SI 10 Standard for Use of the International 5.2 Functional Additions—If functional additions of the
System of Units (SI): the Modern Metric System types defined in Specification C226 or C688 are used in a
cement, they shall conform to the requirements of the appli-
3. Terminology
cable specification.
3.1 Definitions:
6. Classification and Use
3.1.1 Terms used in this specification are defined in Termi-
6.1 The types of hydraulic cement covered by this specifi-
nology C219, except for the following terms.
cation are given in 6.2.1-6.2.6 and are classified in accordance
3.1.2 blended hydraulic cement—a hydraulic cement con-
with specific properties.
sisting of two or more inorganic ingredients which contribute
6.2 Cements conforming to this specification shall be des-
to the strength-gaining properties of the cement, with or
ignated in accordance with the nomenclature with special
without other ingredients, processing additions, and functional
characteristics indicated by type in accordance with the types
additions.
in 6.2.1-6.2.6. When the type is not specified, the requirement
3.1.2.1 Blended hydraulic cements are made by intergrind-
of type GU shall apply.
ing or other blending processes.
6.2.1 Type GU— Hydraulic cement for general construc-
4. Nomenclature
tion. Use when one or more of the special types are not
required.
4.1 As selected by the producer, designate cements under
this specification in accordance with the following names. The 6.2.2 Type HE—High Early-Strength.
6.2.3 Type MS—Moderate Sulfate Resistance.
nomenclature does not establish or require any limits on the
composition or properties of a cement. Its only purpose is to 6.2.4 Type HS—High Sulfate Resistance.
6.2.5 Type MH—Moderate Heat of Hydration.
provide a uniform means for designating the cement after its
ingredients and proportions have been selected by the manu- 6.2.6 Type LH—Low Heat of Hydration.
6.3 Additional Option—The following additional purchase
facturer, thereby providing general information about the
option applies for any of the principal types listed. When this
cement when the manufacturer so chooses.
option is invoked, its letter designation and title shall follow
4.2 Hydraulic Cement—Any cement meeting the require-
immediately after the respective letter designation and title of
ments of this specification is a hydraulic cement.At the option
the principal type.
oftheproducer,usethisdesignationinadditionto,orinlieuof,
6.3.1 Option R—Low Reactivity with Alkali-Reactive Ag-
any other proper designation.
gregates.Whentestedforpotentialactivitywithalkali-reactive
4.3 Portland Cement, consisting of portland-cement clinker
aggregates,thecementshallmeettherequirement(Table1)for
to which, at the option of the manufacturer, one or more of the
low reactivity with alkali-reactive aggregates.
following additions, and no others, shall have been made
during manufacture.
7. Ordering Information
4.3.1 Calcium sulfate set-control addition.
7.1 Orders for cement meeting the requirements of this
4.3.2 Water, including that present in clinker and other
specification shall include:
additions, in amounts such that loss-on-ignition does not
7.1.1 The specification designation ASTM C1157,
exceed 3.0% by mass of the cement.
7.1.2 The specification date, if other than the latest pub-
4.3.3 Processing additions up to the maximum amount
lished version,
demonstrating conformance to the applicable specification.
7.1.3 The quantity of cement desired,
4.3.4 Air-Entraining Portland Cement shall contain an in-
7.1.4 The nomenclature (see Section 4) and the type of
terground air-entraining addition.
cement desired (if no type is specified, the cement shipped
4.4 Blended Hydraulic Cements:
shall meet the requirements for Type GU).
4.4.1 Modified Portland Cements contain up to 15% of a
7.1.5 Compressive Strength Options—Three options for
mineral ingredient besides portland-cement clinker, and, as
compressive strength are listed in this specification. If strength
selectedbytheproducer,aredesignated“[ingredient]-modified
other than the default minima (7.1.5.1) of Table 1 are desired,
portlandcement”inaccordancewiththeidentityofthemineral
verify that the option selected is available in the area where
ingredient used.
required. Strength at an age listed in Table 1 for the Type of
4.4.2 Other Blended Hydraulic Cements contain more than
cement shall not be less than the strength at an earlier listed
15%oftwoormoremineralingredientsand,asselectedbythe
age.
producer, are named in accordance with the two or, if more
7.1.5.1 Minimum Compressive Strengths (Default)—If the
appropriate, three constituents present in greatest amount,
minimum strengths of the ranges listed in Table 1 are accept-
listed in decreasing order of abundance by mass.
able,specifytheminimumsofTable1.Whenanotheroptionis
5. Additions
not stated, the applicable compressive strength requirements
are the minimums of the Table 2 Strength Ranges listed for
5.1 Processing Additions—If processing additions are used
each age in Table 1 for the Type of cement.
in the manufacture of cement, they shall conform to the
7.1.5.2 Minimum Strength at a Listed Age—When a mini-
requirements of Specification C465.
mum strength greater than a default minimum is required at a
listedage,specifytheminimumofoneStrengthRangelistedin
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.04. Table 2 at one age listed in Table 1 for that Type of cement.
C 1157
TABLE 1 Standard Physical Requirements
Cement Type GU HE MS HS MH LH
AAAAA A
Fineness
Autoclave Length Change, 0.80 0.80 0.80 0.80 0.80 0.80
max,%
B
Time of Setting, Vicat Test
Initial, not less than, min 45 45 45 45 45 45
Initial, not more than, min 420 420 420 420 420 420
CCCCC C
Air Content of Mortar Volume,
%
D
Strength Range
1 day . 10 . . . .
3 days 10 17 10 5 5 .
7 days 17 . 17 10 10 5
28 days . . . 17 . 17
Heat of Hydration
7 days, max, kJ/kg (kcal/kg) . . . . 290 250
28 days, max, kJ/kg (kcal/ . . . . (70) (60)
kg) . 290
(70)
Mortar Bar Expansion
14 days, % max 0.020 0.020 0.020 0.020 0.020 0.020
Sulfate Expansion (Sulfate
E
Resistance)
6 months, max, % . . 0.10 0.05 . .
1 year, max, % . . . 0.10 . .
F
Option R—Low Reactivity with Alkali-Reactive Aggregates
Expansion
14 days, max, % 0.020 0.020 0.020 0.020 0.020 0.020
56 days, max, % 0.060 0.060 0.060 0.060 0.060 0.060
Optional Physical Requirements
Early Stiffening, Final 50 50 50 50 50 50
Penetration,
min,%
G
Compressive Strength, min, 28.0 . 28.0 . 22.0 .
MPa (psi), 28 days (4060) (4060) (3190)
A 2
Both amount retained when wet sieved on the 45-µm (No. 325) sieve and specific surface area by air permeability apparatus in m /kg shall be reported on all certificates
of test results requested from the manufacturer.
B
Time of setting refers to initial setting time in Test Method C 191.
C
Air content shall be reported on all certificates of test results requested from the manufacturer. A given value in mortar does not necessarily assure that the desired
air content will be obtained in concrete.
D
Lowest Strength Range whose minimum shall apply at the specified age unless a higher Strength Range is specified by the purchaser. See Table 2 for the applicable
strength limits.
E
In the testing of HS cement, testing at one year shall not be required when the cement meets the 6 month limit. An HS cement failing the 6 month limit shall not be
rejected unless it also fails the one year limit.
F
Compliance with this requirement shall not be requested unless the cement will be used with alkali-reactive aggregate.
G
When 28-day strengths are specified, sufficient time must be allowed for completion of the test. When required on a certificate of test results, special arrangements
shall be made for storage of the cement pending completion of the test.
TABLE 2 Strength Range Limits
Type HE is specified, one Strength Range shall be selected
Strength Range 5 10 17 25 35 45 from among 1, 3, 7, or 28 days. If no Strength Range is
Compressive Strength,
specified,onlytheminimumstrengthsofalltherangesinTable
min, Mpa 5 10 17 25 35 45
1, as established in Table 2, shall apply.
(psi) (725) (1450) (2465) (3625) (5075) (6525)
Compressive Strength,
7.1.6 Astatementthatthelowreactivitywithalkali-reactive
max, Mpa 15 20 30 40 60 .
(psi) (2175) (2900) (4350) (5800) (8700) aggregates option is invoked, when such is desired, and
7.1.7 A request for the manufacturer’s certification, if de-
sired.
7.1.5.3 Strength Range at a Listed Age—When cement is
7.1.8 When the purchaser requires that the cement be
required that is within a particular range of strength, specify
sampledandtestedtoverifycompliancewiththisspecification,
cementasbeingwithinoneStrengthRangefromTable2atone
sample in accordance with Practice C183 (Note 3).
age listed for that cement Type in Table 1.
NOTE 3—Practice C183 is not designed for manufacturing quality
NOTE 2—Listed ages for Type HE in Table 1 are 1 and 3 days; listed
control and is not required for manufacturer’s certification.
agesforTypesGU,MH,andMSare3and7days;listedagesforTypeHS
are 3, 7, and 28 days; listed ages for Type LH are 7 and 28 days.
8. Chemical Composition
7.1.5.4 Strength Range at Desired Age—When cement is
8.1 The chemical composition for the cement is not speci-
required that is within a particular range of strength, specify
fied. However, the cement and the individual constituents
cementasbeingwithinoneStrengthRangefromTable2atone
age selected from among 3, 7, and 28 days, except that when interground or blended to produce it shall be analyzed.
C 1157
9. Physical Properties with lime, hydrated lime, or calcium carbonate or fusion with
lithium borate prior to dissolving, especially for pozzolans. A
9.1 Cement of the type specified shall conform to all of the
blank must be run.
applicable physical requirements of Table 1.
11.3 Fineness:
9.2 When optional requirements for early stiffening or
11.3.1 Determine fineness by Test Method C204.
28-day strength are specified, the cement shall conform to the
11.3.2 Determine amount retained on the 45-µm (No. 325)
applicable optional limits of Table 1.
sieve by Test Method C430.
9.3 Pozzolan to be used as an ingredient of a cement shall
11.4 DetermineautoclaveexpansionbyTestMethodC151,
not cause unacceptable expansion due to an alkali-aggregate
except that for cements with 1-day compres
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