ASTM F3110-14(2018)
(Practice)Standard Practice for Proper Use of Mechanical Trenchless Point Repair Sleeve with Locking Gear Mechanism for Pipes of Varying Inner Diameter and Offset Joints
Standard Practice for Proper Use of Mechanical Trenchless Point Repair Sleeve with Locking Gear Mechanism for Pipes of Varying Inner Diameter and Offset Joints
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This practice is for use by design engineers, specifiers, regulatory agencies, owners, installers, and inspection organizations who are involved in the rehabilitation of pipes through the use of a Mechanical Trenchless Point Repair Sleeve with a Locking Gear Mechanism for Pipes of Varying Inner Diameter and Offset Joints within a damaged existing pipe.
4.2 This practice applies to the following types of defects in pipe that can be repaired: longitudinal, radial and circumferential cracks, fragmentation, leaking joints, displacement or joint misalignment, closing or sealing unused laterals, corrosion, spalling, wear, leaks in the barrel of the pipe, deformation in the pipe and root penetration. There are no limitations on the diameters of the laterals that can be sealed. The degree of deformation that can be repaired is dependent on the minimum and maximum diameters for which the sleeve is applicable as listed in the tables of dimensions shown in Appendix X1 but shall never exceed 5 %.
4.3 This practice applies to pipes made of vitrified clay, concrete, reinforced concrete, plastics, glass reinforced plastics, cast iron, ductile iron and steel for both pressure and non-pressure applications.
4.4 In this practice, no issues of snagging waste or build-up of sludge or sediment have been recorded to date; the performance of this sleeve, however, depends on many factors; therefore, past operational records may not include all possible future conditions under which the user may install these sleeves.
4.5 The suitability of the technology covered in this practice for a particular application shall be jointly decided by the authority, the engineer and the installer.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice establishes minimum requirements for good practices for the materials and installation of mechanical trenchless repair sleeve with a locking gear mechanism for pipes of varying inner diameter and offset joints in the range of 6 to 72 in. (150 to 1800 mm).
1.2 This practice applies to storm, potable water, wastewater and industrial pipes, conduits and drainage culverts.
1.3 When the specified materials are used in manufacturing the sleeve and installed in accordance with this practice, the sleeve shall extend over a predetermined length of the host pipe as a continuous, tight fitting, corrosion resistant and verifiable non-leaking pipe repaired using one or more pieces of the repair sleeve mechanism. The maximum internal pressure this sleeve can carry depends on the diameter and the wall thickness, ranging from 10 to 15 bars; the external pressure shall not exceed 1.5 bars.
1.4 All materials in contact with potable water shall be certified to meet NSF/ANSI 61/372.
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Particular attention is drawn to those safety regulations and requirements involving entering into and working in confined spaces.
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: F3110 − 14 (Reapproved 2018)
Standard Practice for
Proper Use of Mechanical Trenchless Point Repair Sleeve
with Locking Gear Mechanism for Pipes of Varying Inner
Diameter and Offset Joints
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F3110; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
1.1 This practice establishes minimum requirements for
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
good practices for the materials and installation of mechanical
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
trenchless repair sleeve with a locking gear mechanism for
pipes of varying inner diameter and offset joints in the range of
2. Referenced Documents
6 to 72 in. (150 to 1800 mm).
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1.2 Thispracticeappliestostorm,potablewater,wastewater
A240/A240M Specification for Chromium and Chromium-
and industrial pipes, conduits and drainage culverts.
Nickel Stainless Steel Plate, Sheet, and Strip for Pressure
Vessels and for General Applications
1.3 When the specified materials are used in manufacturing
A666 Specification forAnnealed or Cold-WorkedAustenitic
the sleeve and installed in accordance with this practice, the
Stainless Steel Sheet, Strip, Plate, and Flat Bar
sleeveshallextendoverapredeterminedlengthofthehostpipe
2.2 NASSCO Guidelines:
as a continuous, tight fitting, corrosion resistant and verifiable
Specifications for Sewer Collection System Rehabilitation
non-leaking pipe repaired using one or more pieces of the
2.3 European Standard:
repair sleeve mechanism. The maximum internal pressure this
EN681-1 Elastomericseals—Materialsrequirementforpipe
sleeve can carry depends on the diameter and the wall
joint seals used in water and drainage applications—Part
thickness, ranging from 10 to 15 bars; the external pressure
1: Vulcanized rubber
shall not exceed 1.5 bars.
2.4 NSF/ANSI Standards:
1.4 All materials in contact with potable water shall be
NSF/ANSI 61 Drinking water system components
certified to meet NSF/ANSI 61/372.
NSF/ANSI 372 Drinking water system components
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
3. Terminology
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
and are not considered standard.
3.1.1 access point, n—upstream or downstream locations
that serve as the point of entry or exit for the point repair of the
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the
existing pipe.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
3.1.2 bladder, n—an apparatus, when pressurized, inflates a
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
tube that presses against the inner pipe walls.
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
3.1.3 EPDM rubber, n—ethylene propylene diene monomer
Particular attention is drawn to those safety regulations and
rubber formed to yield wide ranging engineering properties
requirements involving entering into and working in confined
using a synthetic process.
spaces.
1.7 This international standard was developed in accor-
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website.
1 3
This practice is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee F36 on Technology Available from NationalAssociation of Sewer Service Companies (NASSCO),
and Underground Utilities and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F36.20 2470 Longstone Lane, Suite M, Marriottsville, MD 21104, http://www.nassco.org.
on Inspection and Renewal of Water and Wastewater Infrastructure. Available from European Committee for Standardization (CEN), Avenue
Current edition approved Aug. 1, 2018. Published August 2018. Originally Marnix 17, B-1000, Brussels, Belgium, http://www.cen.eu.
approved in 2014. Last previous edition approved in 2014 as F3110–14. DOI: Available fromAmerican National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,
10.1520/F3110-14R18. 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
F3110 − 14 (2018)
3.1.4 finished thickness, n—the finished sleeve thickness 4.5 Thesuitabilityofthetechnologycoveredinthispractice
after installation. for a particular application shall be jointly decided by the
authority, the engineer and the installer.
3.1.5 hydrophilic, n—a material that is moisture activated
with expansion characteristics of 5–8 times its original thick-
5. Essential Components Forming the Sleeve and Their
ness.
Functions
3.1.6 locking gear, n—gears that alter the diameter of the
5.1 Stainless Steel Sleeve:
sleeve that can be locked to retain a desired diameter for the
5.1.1 Flared End—Theflaredendfacesthedirectionofflow
sleeve when put into service.
and improves the hydrodynamics, prevents solids from
3.1.7 NBR, n—nitrile butadiene rubber.
depositing, and increases jetting resistance, (1) in Fig. 1 and
3.1.8 offset joints, n—joints with defects from the inner bore
Fig. 3. Flared ends are not used, however, for potable water
area not aligning perfectly.
applications.
5.1.2 Metal Overlap—The steel sleeve is rolled up smaller
3.1.9 packer, n—an inflatable bladder device on wheels that
than its nominal diameter. The overlap is what is left over for
transports a sleeve through the pipe and further inflates/
expands for final sleeve installation. expanding to the pipe wall, (2) in Fig. 1.
5.1.3 Toothed Strip—The locks that keep the sleeve ex-
3.1.10 point repair, n—repair of a local defect without
panded run along the toothed strip, (3) in Fig. 1.
relining damaged pipe, conduit or culvert from one manhole to
5.1.4 Lock—Thelockisasmallsetofgearsthatonlymoves
the next.
in one direction, thus keeping the sleeve expanded, (4) in Fig.
3.1.11 resin, n—synthetic fluid that hardens to become a
1 and Fig. 3. The locking gears are also shown in Fig. 4. There
solid when cured by steam, heat, ultraviolet light or under
are three gears per lock. Six gears per sleeve (two locks per
ambient conditions.
sleeve). Two of the gears in the lock ride in the corresponding
3.1.12 serial installation, n—using more than one sleeve to
“teeth” in the sleeve. The third gear is the lock. It allows the
perform point repair.
other two gears to only move in a forward direction. All three
gears are shielded by a cover. The gears and the shield are all
3.1.13 single installation, n—using a single sleeve to per-
of the same material as the rest of the sleeve. Therefore, all
form point repair.
components of the sleeve offer the same design life.
3.1.14 sleeve, n—tubular shaped component of various
Furthermore, the gears are protected by a cover to prevent
length, diameter and wall thickness.
snagging of waste, or build up of sludge or sediment.
5.1.5 Adhesive Tape—The tapes are put on at the factory to
4. Significance and Use
protect the sleeve during transport and prevent it from
4.1 This practice is for use by design engineers, specifiers,
unrolling, (5) in Fig. 1.
regulatory agencies, owners, installers, and inspection organi-
5.2 Rubber Seal:
zations who are involved in the rehabilitation of pipes through
5.2.1 Circumferential Seals—The actual seal is formed by
the use of a Mechanical Trenchless Point Repair Sleeve with a
the circumferential seals compressed against the host pipe.The
Locking Gear Mechanism for Pipes of Varying Inner Diameter
damaged section must always be between the sealing knobs,
and Offset Joints within a damaged existing pipe.
(6) in Fig. 2 and Fig. 3.
4.2 This practice applies to the following types of defects in
5.2.2 Trimming Line—There is a trimming line marked in
pipe that can be repaired: longitudinal, radial and circumfer-
the rubber jacket. It shows the installer where to cut off the
ential cracks, fragmentation, leaking joints, displacement or
projecting rubber end (when a single sleeve is installed), (7) in
joint misalignment, closing or sealing unused laterals,
Fig. 2.
corrosion, spalling, wear, leaks in the barrel of the pipe,
deformation in the pipe and root penetration. There are no
limitations on the diameters of the laterals that can be sealed.
Thedegreeofdeformationthatcanberepairedisdependenton
the minimum and maximum diameters for which the sleeve is
applicable as listed in the tables of dimensions shown in
Appendix X1 but shall never exceed 5 %.
4.3 This practice applies to pipes made of vitrified clay,
concrete, reinforced concrete, plastics, glass reinforced
plastics, cast iron, ductile iron and steel for both pressure and
non-pressure applications.
4.4 In this practice, no issues of snagging waste or build-up
of sludge or sediment have been recorded to date; the perfor-
mance of this sleeve, however, depends on many factors;
therefore, past operational records may not include all possible
future conditions under which the user may install these
sleeves. FIG. 1 Stainless Steel Sleeve
F3110 − 14 (2018)
methods are commenced in situations where the structural
integrity of the existing pipe may be compromised. The
engineer shall conduct a structural condition evaluation and
shall set appropriate limits on the depth of milling allowed.
Depending on the quantity of flow present, bypassing in
accordance with the authority’s requirements may be neces-
sary.
6.3 Measuring the Internal Diameter of Existing Pipe:
6.3.1 Prior to installation, the internal diameter of the
existing pipe to be repaired shall be measured to ascertain
correct sizing of the sleeve in accordance with the manufac-
turer’s recommendations. Such measurements shall be taken at
both ends of the pipe segment being repaired along both
diameters: 6 o’clock to 12 o’clock and 3 o’clock to 9 o’clock
orientations.
FIG. 2 Locking Gear Mechanism and EPDM Rubber Seals
6.3.2 The above apply to wastewater pipes; when the repair
sleeveisusedinpotablewaterpressurepipes,aprotectorsheet,
5.2.3 Projecting Rubber End—The projecting rubber end
made of high grade stainless steel in accordance with Section
acts as a seal between sleeves installed in series, (8) in Fig. 2
2, around the rubber sleeve is needed.
and Fig. 3.
7. Equipment and Materials
6. Pre-installation Inspection and Preparation of
7.1 Equipment:
Damaged Pipe
7.1.1 The following equipment is needed for installing the
6.1 Inspecting the Pipe:
sleeve efficiently: inspection camera or robot with zoom and
6.1.1 Before using the sleeve, the pipe must be inspected to
pan & tilt functions, adjusted to the diameter of the pipe;
ascertain whether it can be repaired with the system. Cleaning
appropriate sleeve packer for the pipe diameter; hollow sleeve
and inspection shall be as per NASSCO guidelines for sewage
link bar for connecting the camera tractor to the packer; vent
pipes.Forotherpipes,cleaningandinspectionmethodsthatare
valve; a compressor with an output of at least 5.0 bar; an air
acceptable to the authority shall be chosen by the installer.
hose on a drum with a length of at least 330 ft (100 m); a robot
There must be at least one access via a manhole or an
cutter for preparatory tasks.
inspection chamber. The manhole must have a diameter of at
least 24 in. (600 mm) so that the camera/packer system can be 7.2 Materials Forming the Sleeve:
inserted. The manhole flume must also be larger than those
7.2.1 Stainless Steel:
diameters listed in the column titled “V4A pipe rolled dia”
7.2.1.1 The sleeve shall be made of high grade stainless
shown in Appendixes X1.1, X1.2, X1.4 and X1.5 in order to
steel, in accordance with 316 or 316 L type as specified in
ensure insertion of the packer with the sleeve into the pipe. For
Specification A240/A240M, Specification A666 or German
sleeve diameters 32 to 72 in. (800 to 1800 mm) as shown in
V4A stainless steel of grade 1.4401 or 1.4404. This grade of
Appendixes X1.3 and X1.6, and because these sleeves are
stainless steel is characterized by its high corrosion resistance.
providedin2or3segments,amanholeflumediaof24in.(600
The sleeve is designed for use in municipal water and
mm) is sufficient.The interior of the pipeline shall be carefully
wastewater systems. For use with industrial wastewater or
inspected to determine the location of any condition that shall
where the wastewater contains high levels of chloride salts, the
prevent proper installation, such as roots, and collapsed or
required corrosion resistance must be ascertained. Stainless
crushed pipe. These conditions shall be noted. Experienced
steel of grade 316 or 316 L or German V4A stainless steel of
personnel trained in locating breaks, obstacles, and service
grade 1.4401 or 1.4404 may be used up to a chloride
connections by closed circuit television shall perform inspec-
concentration of 600 mg/l. Higher molybdenum content re-
tion of pipelines.
quirements shall be determined by the engineer for chloride
concentrations higher than 600 mg/l. Further dimensional
6.2 Preparing the Pipe:
details are given inAppendixes X1.1, X1.2, and X1.3 for pipe
6.2.1 The pipe to be repaired must always be cleaned with
sizes 6 to 72 in. (150 to 1800 mm) based on the schematic
a high-pressure jet, a drag scraper or an equal approved by the
diagram shown in Appendix X3. Corresponding metric ver-
owner, the owner’s representative or the manufacturer, before
sions are given in Appendixes X1.4, X1.5, and X1.6.
using the sleeve. Hardened deposits, roots, and protruding
7.2.1.2 Before using in industrial, non-municipal wastewa-
sockets must be removed with suitable milling or cutting tools.
ter systems, the corrosion resistance of stainless steel of grade
No obstacles may restrict movement through the pipe. There
316 or 316 Lor GermanV4Astainless steel of grade 1.4401 or
may not be any solids such as sand, gravel, hardened deposits,
1.4404 and the EPDM sleeve must be verified by the engineer.
or wastewater solids around the damaged area. Joint misalign-
ments of more than 0.4 in. (10
...
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: F3110 − 14 (Reapproved 2018)
Standard Practice for
Proper Use of Mechanical Trenchless Point Repair Sleeve
with Locking Gear Mechanism for Pipes of Varying Inner
Diameter and Offset Joints
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F3110; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
1.1 This practice establishes minimum requirements for
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
good practices for the materials and installation of mechanical
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
trenchless repair sleeve with a locking gear mechanism for
pipes of varying inner diameter and offset joints in the range of
2. Referenced Documents
6 to 72 in. (150 to 1800 mm).
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1.2 This practice applies to storm, potable water, wastewater
A240/A240M Specification for Chromium and Chromium-
and industrial pipes, conduits and drainage culverts.
Nickel Stainless Steel Plate, Sheet, and Strip for Pressure
Vessels and for General Applications
1.3 When the specified materials are used in manufacturing
A666 Specification for Annealed or Cold-Worked Austenitic
the sleeve and installed in accordance with this practice, the
Stainless Steel Sheet, Strip, Plate, and Flat Bar
sleeve shall extend over a predetermined length of the host pipe
2.2 NASSCO Guidelines:
as a continuous, tight fitting, corrosion resistant and verifiable
Specifications for Sewer Collection System Rehabilitation
non-leaking pipe repaired using one or more pieces of the
2.3 European Standard:
repair sleeve mechanism. The maximum internal pressure this
EN 681-1 Elastomeric seals—Materials requirement for pipe
sleeve can carry depends on the diameter and the wall
joint seals used in water and drainage applications—Part
thickness, ranging from 10 to 15 bars; the external pressure
1: Vulcanized rubber
shall not exceed 1.5 bars.
2.4 NSF/ANSI Standards:
1.4 All materials in contact with potable water shall be
NSF/ANSI 61 Drinking water system components
certified to meet NSF/ANSI 61/372.
NSF/ANSI 372 Drinking water system components
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
3. Terminology
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
and are not considered standard.
3.1.1 access point, n—upstream or downstream locations
that serve as the point of entry or exit for the point repair of the
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the
existing pipe.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
3.1.2 bladder, n—an apparatus, when pressurized, inflates a
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
tube that presses against the inner pipe walls.
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
3.1.3 EPDM rubber, n—ethylene propylene diene monomer
Particular attention is drawn to those safety regulations and
rubber formed to yield wide ranging engineering properties
requirements involving entering into and working in confined
using a synthetic process.
spaces.
1.7 This international standard was developed in accor-
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website.
1 3
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F36 on Technology Available from National Association of Sewer Service Companies (NASSCO),
and Underground Utilities and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F36.20 2470 Longstone Lane, Suite M, Marriottsville, MD 21104, http://www.nassco.org.
on Inspection and Renewal of Water and Wastewater Infrastructure. Available from European Committee for Standardization (CEN), Avenue
Current edition approved Aug. 1, 2018. Published August 2018. Originally Marnix 17, B-1000, Brussels, Belgium, http://www.cen.eu.
approved in 2014. Last previous edition approved in 2014 as F3110–14. DOI: Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,
10.1520/F3110-14R18. 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
F3110 − 14 (2018)
3.1.4 finished thickness, n—the finished sleeve thickness 4.5 The suitability of the technology covered in this practice
after installation. for a particular application shall be jointly decided by the
authority, the engineer and the installer.
3.1.5 hydrophilic, n—a material that is moisture activated
with expansion characteristics of 5–8 times its original thick-
5. Essential Components Forming the Sleeve and Their
ness.
Functions
3.1.6 locking gear, n—gears that alter the diameter of the
5.1 Stainless Steel Sleeve:
sleeve that can be locked to retain a desired diameter for the
5.1.1 Flared End—The flared end faces the direction of flow
sleeve when put into service.
and improves the hydrodynamics, prevents solids from
3.1.7 NBR, n—nitrile butadiene rubber.
depositing, and increases jetting resistance, (1) in Fig. 1 and
3.1.8 offset joints, n—joints with defects from the inner bore
Fig. 3. Flared ends are not used, however, for potable water
area not aligning perfectly.
applications.
5.1.2 Metal Overlap—The steel sleeve is rolled up smaller
3.1.9 packer, n—an inflatable bladder device on wheels that
transports a sleeve through the pipe and further inflates/ than its nominal diameter. The overlap is what is left over for
expanding to the pipe wall, (2) in Fig. 1.
expands for final sleeve installation.
5.1.3 Toothed Strip—The locks that keep the sleeve ex-
3.1.10 point repair, n—repair of a local defect without
panded run along the toothed strip, (3) in Fig. 1.
relining damaged pipe, conduit or culvert from one manhole to
5.1.4 Lock—The lock is a small set of gears that only moves
the next.
in one direction, thus keeping the sleeve expanded, (4) in Fig.
3.1.11 resin, n—synthetic fluid that hardens to become a
1 and Fig. 3. The locking gears are also shown in Fig. 4. There
solid when cured by steam, heat, ultraviolet light or under
are three gears per lock. Six gears per sleeve (two locks per
ambient conditions.
sleeve). Two of the gears in the lock ride in the corresponding
3.1.12 serial installation, n—using more than one sleeve to
“teeth” in the sleeve. The third gear is the lock. It allows the
perform point repair.
other two gears to only move in a forward direction. All three
gears are shielded by a cover. The gears and the shield are all
3.1.13 single installation, n—using a single sleeve to per-
of the same material as the rest of the sleeve. Therefore, all
form point repair.
components of the sleeve offer the same design life.
3.1.14 sleeve, n—tubular shaped component of various
Furthermore, the gears are protected by a cover to prevent
length, diameter and wall thickness.
snagging of waste, or build up of sludge or sediment.
5.1.5 Adhesive Tape—The tapes are put on at the factory to
4. Significance and Use
protect the sleeve during transport and prevent it from
4.1 This practice is for use by design engineers, specifiers,
unrolling, (5) in Fig. 1.
regulatory agencies, owners, installers, and inspection organi-
5.2 Rubber Seal:
zations who are involved in the rehabilitation of pipes through
5.2.1 Circumferential Seals—The actual seal is formed by
the use of a Mechanical Trenchless Point Repair Sleeve with a
the circumferential seals compressed against the host pipe. The
Locking Gear Mechanism for Pipes of Varying Inner Diameter
damaged section must always be between the sealing knobs,
and Offset Joints within a damaged existing pipe.
(6) in Fig. 2 and Fig. 3.
4.2 This practice applies to the following types of defects in
5.2.2 Trimming Line—There is a trimming line marked in
pipe that can be repaired: longitudinal, radial and circumfer-
the rubber jacket. It shows the installer where to cut off the
ential cracks, fragmentation, leaking joints, displacement or
projecting rubber end (when a single sleeve is installed), (7) in
joint misalignment, closing or sealing unused laterals,
Fig. 2.
corrosion, spalling, wear, leaks in the barrel of the pipe,
deformation in the pipe and root penetration. There are no
limitations on the diameters of the laterals that can be sealed.
The degree of deformation that can be repaired is dependent on
the minimum and maximum diameters for which the sleeve is
applicable as listed in the tables of dimensions shown in
Appendix X1 but shall never exceed 5 %.
4.3 This practice applies to pipes made of vitrified clay,
concrete, reinforced concrete, plastics, glass reinforced
plastics, cast iron, ductile iron and steel for both pressure and
non-pressure applications.
4.4 In this practice, no issues of snagging waste or build-up
of sludge or sediment have been recorded to date; the perfor-
mance of this sleeve, however, depends on many factors;
therefore, past operational records may not include all possible
future conditions under which the user may install these
sleeves. FIG. 1 Stainless Steel Sleeve
F3110 − 14 (2018)
methods are commenced in situations where the structural
integrity of the existing pipe may be compromised. The
engineer shall conduct a structural condition evaluation and
shall set appropriate limits on the depth of milling allowed.
Depending on the quantity of flow present, bypassing in
accordance with the authority’s requirements may be neces-
sary.
6.3 Measuring the Internal Diameter of Existing Pipe:
6.3.1 Prior to installation, the internal diameter of the
existing pipe to be repaired shall be measured to ascertain
correct sizing of the sleeve in accordance with the manufac-
turer’s recommendations. Such measurements shall be taken at
both ends of the pipe segment being repaired along both
diameters: 6 o’clock to 12 o’clock and 3 o’clock to 9 o’clock
orientations.
FIG. 2 Locking Gear Mechanism and EPDM Rubber Seals
6.3.2 The above apply to wastewater pipes; when the repair
sleeve is used in potable water pressure pipes, a protector sheet,
5.2.3 Projecting Rubber End—The projecting rubber end
made of high grade stainless steel in accordance with Section
acts as a seal between sleeves installed in series, (8) in Fig. 2
2, around the rubber sleeve is needed.
and Fig. 3.
7. Equipment and Materials
6. Pre-installation Inspection and Preparation of
7.1 Equipment:
Damaged Pipe
7.1.1 The following equipment is needed for installing the
6.1 Inspecting the Pipe:
sleeve efficiently: inspection camera or robot with zoom and
6.1.1 Before using the sleeve, the pipe must be inspected to
pan & tilt functions, adjusted to the diameter of the pipe;
ascertain whether it can be repaired with the system. Cleaning
appropriate sleeve packer for the pipe diameter; hollow sleeve
and inspection shall be as per NASSCO guidelines for sewage
link bar for connecting the camera tractor to the packer; vent
pipes. For other pipes, cleaning and inspection methods that are
valve; a compressor with an output of at least 5.0 bar; an air
acceptable to the authority shall be chosen by the installer.
hose on a drum with a length of at least 330 ft (100 m); a robot
There must be at least one access via a manhole or an
cutter for preparatory tasks.
inspection chamber. The manhole must have a diameter of at
least 24 in. (600 mm) so that the camera/packer system can be
7.2 Materials Forming the Sleeve:
inserted. The manhole flume must also be larger than those
7.2.1 Stainless Steel:
diameters listed in the column titled “V4A pipe rolled dia”
7.2.1.1 The sleeve shall be made of high grade stainless
shown in Appendixes X1.1, X1.2, X1.4 and X1.5 in order to
steel, in accordance with 316 or 316 L type as specified in
ensure insertion of the packer with the sleeve into the pipe. For
Specification A240/A240M, Specification A666 or German
sleeve diameters 32 to 72 in. (800 to 1800 mm) as shown in
V4A stainless steel of grade 1.4401 or 1.4404. This grade of
Appendixes X1.3 and X1.6, and because these sleeves are
stainless steel is characterized by its high corrosion resistance.
provided in 2 or 3 segments, a manhole flume dia of 24 in. (600
The sleeve is designed for use in municipal water and
mm) is sufficient. The interior of the pipeline shall be carefully
wastewater systems. For use with industrial wastewater or
inspected to determine the location of any condition that shall
where the wastewater contains high levels of chloride salts, the
prevent proper installation, such as roots, and collapsed or
required corrosion resistance must be ascertained. Stainless
crushed pipe. These conditions shall be noted. Experienced
steel of grade 316 or 316 L or German V4A stainless steel of
personnel trained in locating breaks, obstacles, and service
grade 1.4401 or 1.4404 may be used up to a chloride
connections by closed circuit television shall perform inspec-
concentration of 600 mg/l. Higher molybdenum content re-
tion of pipelines.
quirements shall be determined by the engineer for chloride
concentrations higher than 600 mg/l. Further dimensional
6.2 Preparing the Pipe:
details are given in Appendixes X1.1, X1.2, and X1.3 for pipe
6.2.1 The pipe to be repaired must always be cleaned with
sizes 6 to 72 in. (150 to 1800 mm) based on the schematic
a high-pressure jet, a drag scraper or an equal approved by the
diagram shown in Appendix X3. Corresponding metric ver-
owner, the owner’s representative or the manufacturer, before
sions are given in Appendixes X1.4, X1.5, and X1.6.
using the sleeve. Hardened deposits, roots, and protruding
7.2.1.2 Before using in industrial, non-municipal wastewa-
sockets must be removed with suitable milling or cutting tools.
ter systems, the corrosion resistance of stainless steel of grade
No obstacles may restrict movement through the pipe. There
316 or 316 L or German V4A stainless steel of grade 1.4401 or
may not be any solids such as sand, gravel, hardened deposits,
1.4404 and the EPDM sleeve must be verified by the engineer.
or wastewater solids around the damaged area. Joint misalign-
ments of more than 0.4 in. (10 mm) must be milled off befo
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: F3110 − 14 F3110 − 14 (Reapproved 2018)
Standard Practice for
Proper Use of Mechanical Trenchless Point Repair Sleeve
with Locking Gear Mechanism for Pipes of Varying Inner
Diameter and Offset Joints
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F3110; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This practice establishes minimum requirements for good practices for the materials and installation of mechanical
trenchless repair sleeve with a locking gear mechanism for pipes of varying inner diameter and offset joints in the range of 6 to
72 in. (150 to 1800 mm).
1.2 This practice applies to storm, potable water, wastewater and industrial pipes, conduits and drainage culverts.
1.3 When the specified materials are used in manufacturing the sleeve and installed in accordance with this practice, the sleeve
shall extend over a predetermined length of the host pipe as a continuous, tight fitting, corrosion resistant and verifiable non-leaking
pipe repaired using one or more pieces of the repair sleeve mechanism. The maximum internal pressure this sleeve can carry
depends on the diameter and the wall thickness, ranging from 10 to 15 bars; the external pressure shall not exceed 1.5 bars.
1.4 All materials in contact with potable water shall be certified to meet NSF/ANSI 61/372.
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Particular attention is drawn to those safety regulations and requirements
involving entering into and working in confined spaces.
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A240A240/A240M Specification for Chromium and Chromium-Nickel Stainless Steel Plate, Sheet, and Strip for Pressure
Vessels and for General Applications
A666 Specification for Annealed or Cold-Worked Austenitic Stainless Steel Sheet, Strip, Plate, and Flat Bar
2.2 NASSCO Guidelines:
Specifications for Sewer Collection System Rehabilitation
2.3 European Standard:
EN 681-1 Elastomeric seals—Materials requirement for pipe joint seals used in water and drainage applications—Part 1:
Vulcanized rubber
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F36 on Technology and Underground Utilities and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F36.20 on
Inspection and Renewal of Water and Wastewater Infrastructure.
Current edition approved Nov. 15, 2014Aug. 1, 2018. Published January 2015August 2018. Originally approved in 2014. Last previous edition approved in 2014 as
F3110–14. DOI: 10.1520/F3110-14.10.1520/F3110-14R18.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Available from National Association of Sewer Service Companies (NASSCO), 2470 Longstone Lane, Suite M, Marriottsville, MD 21104, http://nassco.org.http://
www.nassco.org.
Available from European Committee for Standardization (CEN), Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000, Brussels, Belgium, http://www.cen.eu.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
F3110 − 14 (2018)
2.4 NSF/ANSI Standards:
NSF/ANSI 61 Drinking water system components
NSF/ANSI 372 Drinking water system components
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.1.1 access point, n—upstream or downstream locations that serve as the point of entry or exit for the point repair of the
existing pipe.
3.1.2 bladder, n—an apparatus, when pressurized, inflates a tube that presses against the inner pipe walls.
3.1.3 EPDM rubber, n—ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber formed to yield wide ranging engineering properties using
a synthetic process.
3.1.4 finished thickness, n—the finished sleeve thickness after installation.
3.1.5 hydrophilic, n—a material that is moisture activated with expansion characteristics of 5–8 times its original thickness.
3.1.6 locking gear, n—gears that alter the diameter of the sleeve that can be locked to retain a desired diameter for the sleeve
when put into service.
3.1.7 NBR, n—nitrile butadiene rubber.
3.1.8 offset joints, n—joints with defects from the inner bore area not aligning perfectly.
3.1.9 packer, n—an inflatable bladder device on wheels that transports a sleeve through the pipe and further inflates/expands for
final sleeve installation.
3.1.10 point repair, n—repair of a local defect without relining damaged pipe, conduit or culvert from one manhole to the next.
3.1.11 resin, n—synthetic fluid that hardens to become a solid when cured by steam, heat, ultraviolet light or under ambient
conditions.
3.1.12 serial installation, n—using more than one sleeve to perform point repair.
3.1.13 single installation, n—using a single sleeve to perform point repair.
3.1.14 sleeve, n—tubular shaped component of various length, diameter and wall thickness.
4. Significance and Use
4.1 This practice is for use by design engineers, specifiers, regulatory agencies, owners, installers, and inspection organizations
who are involved in the rehabilitation of pipes through the use of a Mechanical Trenchless Point Repair Sleeve with a Locking
Gear Mechanism for Pipes of Varying Inner Diameter and Offset Joints within a damaged existing pipe.
4.2 This practice applies to the following types of defects in pipe that can be repaired: longitudinal, radial and circumferential
cracks, fragmentation, leaking joints, displacement or joint misalignment, closing or sealing unused laterals, corrosion, spalling,
wear, leaks in the barrel of the pipe, deformation in the pipe and root penetration. There are no limitations on the diameters of the
laterals that can be sealed. The degree of deformation that can be repaired is dependent on the minimum and maximum diameters
for which the sleeve is applicable as listed in the tables of dimensions shown in Appendix X1 but shall never exceed 5 %.
4.3 This practice applies to pipes made of vitrified clay, concrete, reinforced concrete, plastics, glass reinforced plastics, cast
iron, ductile iron and steel for both pressure and non-pressure applications.
4.4 In this practice, no issues of snagging waste or build-up of sludge or sediment have been recorded to date; the performance
of this sleeve, however, depends on many factors; therefore, past operational records may not include all possible future conditions
under which the user may install these sleeves.
4.5 The suitability of the technology covered in this practice for a particular application shall be jointly decided by the authority,
the engineer and the installer.
5. Essential Components Forming the Sleeve and Their Functions
5.1 Stainless Steel Sleeve:
5.1.1 Flared End—The flared end faces the direction of flow and improves the hydrodynamics, prevents solids from depositing,
and increases jetting resistance, (1) in Fig. 1 and Fig. 3. Flared ends are not used, however, for potable water applications.
5.1.2 Metal Overlap—The steel sleeve is rolled up smaller than its nominal diameter. The overlap is what is left over for
expanding to the pipe wall, (2) in Fig. 1.
5.1.3 Toothed Strip—The locks that keep the sleeve expanded run along the toothed strip, (3) in Fig. 1.
Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St., 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.
F3110 − 14 (2018)
FIG. 1 Stainless Steel Sleeve
FIG. 2 Locking Gear Mechanism and EPDM Rubber Seals
5.1.4 Lock—The lock is a small set of gears that only moves in one direction, thus keeping the sleeve expanded, (4) in Fig. 1
and Fig. 3. The locking gears are also shown in Fig. 4. There are three gears per lock. Six gears per sleeve (two locks per sleeve).
Two of the gears in the lock ride in the corresponding “teeth” in the sleeve. The third gear is the lock. It allows the other two gears
to only move in a forward direction. All three gears are shielded by a cover. The gears and the shield are all of the same material
as the rest of the sleeve. Therefore, all components of the sleeve offer the same design life. Furthermore, the gears are protected
by a cover to prevent snagging of waste, or build up of sludge or sediment.
5.1.5 Adhesive Tape—The tapes are put on at the factory to protect the sleeve during transport and prevent it from unrolling,
(5) in Fig. 1.
5.2 Rubber Seal:
5.2.1 Circumferential Seals—The actual seal is formed by the circumferential seals compressed against the host pipe. The
damaged section must always be between the sealing knobs, (6) in Fig. 2 and Fig. 3.
5.2.2 Trimming Line—There is a trimming line marked in the rubber jacket. It shows the installer where to cut off the projecting
rubber end (when a single sleeve is installed), (7) in Fig. 2.
5.2.3 Projecting Rubber End—The projecting rubber end acts as a seal between sleeves installed in series, (8) in Fig. 2 and Fig.
3.
6. Pre-installation Inspection and Preparation of Damaged Pipe
6.1 Inspecting the Pipe:
6.1.1 Before using the sleeve, the pipe must be inspected to ascertain whether it can be repaired with the system. Cleaning and
inspection shall be as per NASSCO guidelines for sewage pipes. For other pipes, cleaning and inspection methods that are
acceptable to the authority shall be chosen by the installer. There must be at least one access via a manhole or an inspection
chamber. The manhole must have a diameter of at least 24 in. (600 mm) so that the camera/packer system can be inserted. The
manhole flume must also be larger than those diameters listed in the column titled “V4A pipe rolled dia” shown in Appendixes
X1.1, X1.2, X1.4 and X1.5 in order to ensure insertion of the packer with the sleeve into the pipe. For sleeve diameters 32 to 72
in. (800 to 1800 mm) as shown in Appendixes X1.3 and X1.6, and because these sleeves are provided in 2 or 3 segments, a manhole
F3110 − 14 (2018)
FIG. 3 Cross Sectional View of the Sleeve and the EPDM Rubber Seals
FIG. 4 Locking Gear Mechanism
flume dia of 24 in. (600 mm) is sufficient. The interior of the pipeline shall be carefully inspected to determine the location of any
condition that shall prevent proper installation, such as roots, and collapsed or crushed pipe. These conditions shall be noted.
Experienced personnel trained in locating breaks, obstacles, and service connections by closed circuit television shall perform
inspection of pipelines.
6.2 Preparing the Pipe:
6.2.1 The pipe to be repaired must always be cleaned with a high-pressure jet, a drag scraper or an equal approved by the owner,
the owner’s representative or the manufacturer, before using the sleeve. Hardened deposits, roots, and protruding sockets must be
removed with suitable milling or cutting tools. No obstacles may restrict movement through the pipe. There may not be any solids
such as sand, gravel, hardened deposits, or wastewater solids around the damaged area. Joint misalignments of more than 0.4 in.
(10 mm) must be milled off before an individual sleeve is installed, or repaired using two sleeves. Prudent precautionary measures
shall be taken before milling methods are commenced in situations where the structural integrity of the existing pipe may be
compromised. The engineer shall conduct a structural condition evaluation and shall set appropriate limits on the depth of milling
allowed. Depending on the quantity of flow present, bypassing in accordance with the authority’s requirements may be necessary.
6.3 Measuring the Internal Diameter of Existing Pipe:
6.3.1 Prior to installation, the internal diameter of the existing pipe to be repaired shall be measured to ascertain correct sizing
of the sleeve in accordance with the manufacturer’s recommendations. Such measurements shall be taken at both ends of the pipe
segment being repaired along both diameters: 6 o’clock to 12 o’clock and 3 o’clock to 9 o’clock orientations.
6.3.2 The above apply to wastewater pipes; when the repair sleeve is used in potable water pressure pipes, a protector sheet,
made of high grade stainless steel in accordance with Section 2, around the rubber sleeve is needed.
7. Equipment and Materials
7.1 Equipment:
7.1.1 The following equipment is needed for installing the sleeve efficiently: inspection camera or robot with zoom and pan &
tilt functions, adjusted to the diameter of the pipe; appropriate sleeve packer for the pipe diameter; hollow sleeve link bar for
connecting the camera tractor to the packer; vent valve; a compressor with an output of at least 5.0 bar; an air hose on a drum with
a length of at least 330 ft (100 m); a robot cutter for preparatory tasks.
7.2 Materials Forming the Sleeve:
F3110 − 14 (2018)
7.2.1 Stainless Steel:
7.2.1.1 The sleeve shall be made of high grade stainless steel, in accordance with 316 or 316 L type as specified in Specification
A240A240/A240M, Specification A666 or German V4A stainless steel of grade 1.4401 or 1.4404. This grade of stainless steel is
characterized by its high corrosion resistance. The sleeve is designed for use in municipal water and wastewater systems. For use
with industrial wastewater or where the wastewater contains high levels of chloride salts, the required corrosion resistance must
be ascertained. Stainless steel of grade 316 or 316 L or German V4A stainless steel of grade 1
...
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