ASTM D4875-24
(Test Method)Standard Test Methods of Polyurethane Raw Materials: Determination of the Polymerized Ethylene Oxide Content of Polyether Polyols
Standard Test Methods of Polyurethane Raw Materials: Determination of the Polymerized Ethylene Oxide Content of Polyether Polyols
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Measurements of EO content correlate to polyol reactivity (as related to primary hydroxyl content), linearity of foam rise, and hydrophilicity of the polyol and final product.
SCOPE
1.1 Test Method A—Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (1H NMR) measures polymerized ethylene oxide (EO) content of ethylene oxide (EO) propylene oxide (PO) polyether polyols used in flexible polyurethane foams and non-foams. It is suitable for diols initiated from glycols of EO or PO containing EO percentages >5. For triols initiated with glycerol (glycerin) and trimethylolpropane, an uncorrected EO value is obtained since both initiators have protons that contribute to the EO measurement.
1.2 Test Method B—Carbon-13 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (13C NMR) measures the polymerized EO content of EO-PO polyether polyols used in flexible polyurethane foams and non-foams. It is suitable for diols and triols made from the commonly used initiators and containing EO percentages >5.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Note 1: There is no known ISO equivalent to this standard.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D4875 − 24
Standard Test Methods of
Polyurethane Raw Materials: Determination of the
1
Polymerized Ethylene Oxide Content of Polyether Polyols
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4875; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* 2. Referenced Documents
2
1.1 Test Method A—Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance 2.1 ASTM Standards:
1
Spectroscopy ( H NMR) measures polymerized ethylene oxide D883 Terminology Relating to Plastics
(EO) content of ethylene oxide (EO) propylene oxide (PO) E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
polyether polyols used in flexible polyurethane foams and Determine the Precision of a Test Method
non-foams. It is suitable for diols initiated from glycols of EO E2977 Practice for Measuring and Reporting Performance of
or PO containing EO percentages >5. For triols initiated with Fourier-Transform Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (FT-
glycerol (glycerin) and trimethylolpropane, an uncorrected EO NMR) Spectrometers for Liquid Samples
value is obtained since both initiators have protons that E456 Terminology Relating to Quality and Statistics
contribute to the EO measurement. E2935 Practice for Evaluating Equivalence of Two Testing
Processes
1.2 Test Method B—Carbon-13 Nuclear Magnetic Reso-
13
nance Spectroscopy ( C NMR) measures the polymerized EO
3. Terminology
content of EO-PO polyether polyols used in flexible polyure-
3.1 Definitions—Terms used in this standard are defined in
thane foams and non-foams. It is suitable for diols and triols
accordance with Terminology D883 and Practice E2977, unless
made from the commonly used initiators and containing EO
otherwise specified. For terms relating to precision and bias
percentages >5.
and associated issues, the terms used in this standard are
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
defined in the accordance with Terminology E456.
standard.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
3.2.1 heteric polyol, n—a polyether polyol in which ethyl-
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
ene oxide and propylene oxide units are randomly arranged.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
3.2.2 initiator, n—a substance with which ethylene oxide or
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
propylene oxide reacts to form a polyether polyol.
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
3.2.2.1 Discussion—One initiator unit is incorporated into
NOTE 1—There is no known ISO equivalent to this standard.
each polymer or oligomer molecule.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-
3.2.3 EO capped polyol—a polyol that contains a terminal
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
block of ethylene oxide units
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom- 4. Summary of Test Methods
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical 1
4.1 Test Method A—The H NMR spectra of polyether
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
polyols show two groups of resonance peaks. The first group
corresponds to the methyl protons of propylene oxide (PO).
The second group corresponds to the methylene and methine
1
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D20 on
Plastics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.22 on Cellular
2
Materials - Plastics and Elastomers. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved Feb. 1, 2024. Published February 2024. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 1988. Last previous edition approved in 2018 as D4875 - 18. DOI: Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
10.1520/D4875-24. the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D4875 − 24
protons of PO and the methylene protons of EO. The EO peak longest relaxation time in the spectrum. It is acceptable to use
area is obtained by subtracting the area of the PO methyl peaks a different pulse angle/sequence delay combination provided
from the area of
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D4875 − 18 D4875 − 24
Standard Test Methods of
Polyurethane Raw Materials: Determination of the
1
Polymerized Ethylene Oxide Content of Polyether Polyols
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4875; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1
1.1 Test Method A—Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ( H NMR) measures polymerized ethylene oxide (EO)
content of ethylene oxide (EO) propylene oxide (PO) polyether polyols used in flexible polyurethane foams and non-foams. It is
suitable for diols initiated from glycols of EO or PO containing EO percentages >5. For triols initiated with glycerol (glycerin)
and trimethylolpropane, an uncorrected EO value is obtained since both initiators have protons that contribute to the EO
measurement.
13
1.2 Test Method B—Carbon-13 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ( C NMR) measures the polymerized EO content of
EO-PO polyether polyols used in flexible polyurethane foams and non-foams. It is suitable for diols and triols made from the
commonly used initiators and containing EO percentages >5.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of
regulatory limitations prior to use.
NOTE 1—There is no known ISO equivalent to this standard.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D883 Terminology Relating to Plastics
E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to Determine the Precision of a Test Method
E2977 Practice for Measuring and Reporting Performance of Fourier-Transform Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (FT-NMR)
Spectrometers for Liquid Samples
E456 Terminology Relating to Quality and Statistics
E2935 Practice for Evaluating Equivalence of Two Testing Processes
1
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D20 on Plastics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.22 on Cellular Materials - Plastics
and Elastomers.
Current edition approved April 1, 2018Feb. 1, 2024. Published April 2018February 2024. Originally approved in 1988. Last previous edition approved in 20112018 as
D4875 - 11.D4875 - 18. DOI: 10.1520/D4875-18.10.1520/D4875-24.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D4875 − 24
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms that appear in this method refer to Terms used in this standard are defined in accordance
with Terminology D883 and Practice E2977, unless otherwise specified. For terms relating to precision and bias and associated
issues, the terms used in this standard are defined in the accordance with Terminology E456.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.2.1 heteric polyol, n—a polyether polyol in which ethylene oxide and propylene oxide units are randomly arranged.
3.2.2 initiator, n—a substance with which ethylene oxide or propylene oxide reacts to form a polyether polyol.
3.2.2.1 Discussion—
One initiator unit is incorporated into each polymer or oligomer molecule.
3.2.3 EO capped polyol—a polyol that contains a terminal block of ethylene oxide units
4. Summary of Test Methods
1
4.1 Test Method A—The H NMR spectra of polyether polyols show two groups of resonance peaks. The first group corresponds
to the methyl protons of propylene oxide (PO). The second group corresponds to the methylene and methine protons of PO and
the methylene
...
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