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ASTM D1708-02

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Tensile Properties of Plastics By Use of Microtensile Specimens

Standard Test Method for Tensile Properties of Plastics By Use of Microtensile Specimens

SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers certain material specifications for which a history of data has been obtained using the standard microtensile specimen. The specimen geometry has been changed to be equivalent to that of ISO 12086-2:1955. In general, this test method is superseded for general use by either Test Methods D 882 or Test Method D 638. The very small Type V specimen in Test Method D 638 is the recommended specimen when limited amounts of material are available.
1.2 This test method covers the determination of the comparative tensile strength and elongation properties of plastics in the form of standard microtensile test specimens when tested under defined conditions of pretreatment, temperature, humidity, and testing machine speed. It can be used for specimens of any thickness up to 3.2 mm (1/8 in.), including thin films.
1.3 This test method cannot be used for the determination of modulus of elasticity. For the determination of modulus, see Test Method D 638 or Test Methods D 882.
1.4 Test data obtained by this test method are relevant and appropriate for use in engineering design.
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Note 1—There is no equivalent or similar ISO standard.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
09-Apr-2002
ICS
83.080.01 - Plastics in general
Technical Committee
D20 - Plastics
Drafting Committee
D20.10 - Mechanical Properties
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaced By
ASTM D1708-02a - Standard Test Method for Tensile Properties of Plastics By Use of Microtensile Specimens
Effective Date
10-Aug-2002

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ASTM D1708-02 - Standard Test Method for Tensile Properties of Plastics By Use of Microtensile SpecimensASTM D1708-02 - Standard Test Method for Tensile Properties of Plastics By Use of Microtensile Specimens
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ASTM D1708-02 - Standard Test Method for Tensile Properties of Plastics By Use of Microtensile Specimens
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Standards Content (Sample)

Designation: D 1708 – 02
Standard Test Method for
Tensile Properties of Plastics By Use of Microtensile
1
Specimens
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 1708; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
2
1. Scope D 883 Terminology Relating to Plastics
D 4000 Classification System for Specifying Plastic Mate-
1.1 This test method covers certain material specifications
3
rials
for which a history of data has been obtained using the standard
D 4066 Specification for Nylon Injection and Extrusion
microtensile specimen. The specimen geometry has been
3
Materials
changed to be equivalent to that of ISO 12086-2:1955. In
E 691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
general, this test method is superseded for general use by either
4
Determine the Precision of a Test Method
Test Methods D 882 or Test Method D 638. The very small
2.2 ISO Standard:
Type V specimen in Test Method D 638 is the recommended
ISO 12086-2:1995 Plastics—Fluoropolymer Dispersion,
specimen when limited amounts of material are available.
Moulding, and Extrusion Materials—Part 2 Preparation of
1.2 This test method covers the determination of the com-
5
Test Specimens and Determination of Properties
parative tensile strength and elongation properties of plastics in
the form of standard microtensile test specimens when tested
3. Terminology
under defined conditions of pretreatment, temperature, humid-
3.1 Definitions: Definitions of terms applying to this test
ity, and testing machine speed. It can be used for specimens of
method appear in Terminology D 883 and Test Method D 638,
1
any thickness up to 3.2 mm ( ⁄8 in.), including thin films.
Annex A2.
1.3 This test method cannot be used for the determination of
modulus of elasticity. For the determination of modulus, see
4. Significance and Use
Test Method D 638 or Test Methods D 882.
4.1 This test method provides data for quality control and
1.4 Test data obtained by this test method are relevant and
acceptance or rejection under specifications.
appropriate for use in engineering design.
4.2 For many materials, there may be a specification that
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
requires the use of this test method, but with some procedural
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
modifications that take precedence when adhering to the
only.
specification. Therefore, it is advisable to refer to that material
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the
specification before using this test method. Table 1 of Classi-
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
fication System D 4000 lists the ASTM materials standards that
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
currently exist.
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
5. Apparatus
NOTE 1—There is no equivalent or similar ISO standard.
5.1 The apparatus shall be as specified in Test Method
D 638, with the following exceptions:
2. Referenced Documents
5.1.1 Grips—Serrated grips should be used with care, since
2.1 ASTM Standards:
yielding or tearing at the grips may interfere with measurement
2
D 618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics for Testing
of elongation even when the specimen breaks in the reduced
2
D 638 Test Method for Tensile Properties of Plastics
section. Rubber-faced grips are recommended for thin speci-
D 882 Test Methods for Tensile Properties of Thin Plastic
mens. Self-tightening grips of the “V”-design type are not
2
Sheeting
satisfactory for this test method because of the change in grip
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D20 on Plastics
3
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.10 on Mechanical Properties. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 08.02.
4
Current edition approved April 10, 2002. Published June 2002. Originally Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.02.
5
published as D 1708 – 59 T. Last previous edition D 1708 – 96. Available from American National Standards Institute, 25 W. 43rd St., 4th
2
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 08.01. Floor, New York, NY 10036.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D 1708
TABLE 1 Tensile Strength at Break for Seven Laboratories and
NOTE 4—Tabs shown in Fig. 1 are minimum size for adequate gripping.
Two Materials, MPa
Shims may be required with thicker specimens to keep grips from
cocking. Handling is facilitated and gripping improved by the use of larger
Test
A B C D
Material Speed, Average S S r R tabs wh
...

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Note 2: When the plastic material contains plasticizer, loss from the plastic is assumed to be primarily plasticizer. The effect of moisture is considered to be negligible.  
4.2 Correlation with ultimate application for various plastic materials shall be determined by the user.
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1.1 These test methods cover the determination of volatile loss from a plastic material under defined conditions of time and temperature, using activated carbon as the immersion medium.  
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1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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1.1 This terminology covers definitions of technical terms used in the plastics industry. Terms that are generally understood or adequately defined in other readily available sources are not included.  
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1.6.2 For terms related to electrical or electronic insulating materials, the applicable definitions are contained in Terminology D1711.  
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4.1 This test method is designed to provide load versus deformation response of plastics under essentially multi-axial deformation conditions at impact velocities. This test method further provides a measure of the rate sensitivity of the material to impact.  
4.2 Multi-axial impact response, while partly dependent on thickness, does not necessarily have a linear correlation with specimen thickness. Therefore, results must be compared only for specimens of essentially the same thickness, unless specific responses versus thickness formulae have been established for the material.  
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Standard Test Method for Plastics: Dynamic Mechanical Properties: In Compression

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5.1 This test method provides a simple means of characterizing the thermomechanical behavior of plastic compositions using very small amounts of material. The data obtained can be used for quality control and/or research and development purposes. For some classes of materials, such as thermosets, it can also be used to establish optimum processing conditions.  
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1.2 This test method is intended to provide a means for determining the thermomechanical properties (as a function of a number of viscoelastic variables) for a wide variety of plastic materials using nonresonant, forced-vibration techniques as outlined in Practice D4065. Plots of the elastic (storage) modulus, loss (viscous) modulus, complex modulus, and tan delta as a function of frequency, time, or temperature are indicative of significant transitions in the thermomechanical performance of the polymeric material system.  
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5.1 This test method provides a simple means of characterizing the thermomechanical behavior of plastic materials using very small amounts of material. The data obtained is used for quality control, research and development, as well as the establishment of optimum processing conditions.  
5.2 Dynamic mechanical testing provides a sensitive method for determining thermomechanical characteristics by measuring the elastic and loss moduli as a function of frequency, temperature, or time. Plots of moduli and tan delta of a material versus these variables can be used to provide graphical representation indicative of functional properties, effectiveness of cure (thermosetting resin system), and damping behavior under specified conditions.  
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5.3.1 Modulus as a function of temperature,  
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5.3.7 The effects of annealing on modulus and glass transition temperature,  
5.3.8 The effect of aspect ratio on the modulus of fiber reinforcements, and  
5.3.9 The effect of fillers, additives on modulus and glass transition temperature.  
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1.2 This test method is intended to provide a means for determining viscoelastic properties of a wide variety of plastic materials using nonresonant forced-vibration techniques, in accordance with Practice D4065. Plots of the elastic (storage) modulus; loss (viscous) modulus; complex modulus and tan delta as a function of frequency, time, or temperature are indicative of significant transitions in the thermomechanical performance of the polymeric material system.  
1.3 This test method is valid for a wide range of frequencies, typically from 0.01 Hz to 100 Hz.  
1.4 Due to possible instrumentation compliance, the data generated are intended to indicate relative and not necessarily absolute property values.  
1.5 Test data obtained by this test method are relevant and appropriate for use in engineering design.  
1.6 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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1.5 This test method also provides for testing flexible sheet or film materials, while supported vertically.  
1.6 This test method is also suitable, in some cases, for cellular materials having an apparent density of less than 15 kg/m3.
Note 1: Although this test method has been found applicable for testing some other materials, the precision of the test method has not been determined for these materials, or for specimen geometries and test conditions outside those recommended herein.  
1.7 This test method measures and describes the response of materials, products, or assemblies to heat and flame under controlled conditions, but does not by itself incorporate all factors required for fire hazard or fire risk assessment of the materials, products, or assemblies under actual fire conditions.  
1.8 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.9 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific hazards statement are given in Section 10.  
1.10 Fire testing is inherently hazardous. Adequate safeguards for personnel and property shall be employed in conducting these tests.
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Standard Test Method for Compressive Properties of Rigid Plastics

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4.2 Compressive properties include modulus of elasticity, yield stress, deformation beyond yield point, and compressive strength (unless the material merely flattens but does not fracture). Materials possessing a low order of ductility may not exhibit a yield point. In the case of a material that fails in compression by a shattering fracture, the compressive strength has a very definite value. In the case of a material that does not fail in compression by a shattering fracture, the compressive strength is an arbitrary one depending upon the degree of distortion that is regarded as indicating complete failure of the material. Many plastic materials will continue to deform in compression until a flat disk is produced, the compressive stress (nominal) rising steadily in the process, without any well-defined fracture occurring. Compressive strength can have no real meaning in such cases.  
4.3 Compression tests provide a standard method of obtaining data for research and development, quality control, acceptance or rejection under specifications, and special purposes. The tests cannot be considered significant for engineering design in applications differing widely from the load-time scale of the standard test. Such applications require additional tests such as impact, creep, and fatigue.  
4.4 Before proceeding with this test method, reference should be made to the ASTM specification for the material being tested. Any test specimen preparation, conditioning, dimensions, and testing parameters covered in the materials specification shall take precedence over those mentioned in this test method. If there is no material specification, then the default conditions apply. Table 1 in Classification D4000 lists the ASTM materials standards that currently exist.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the mechanical properties of unreinforced and reinforced rigid plastics, including high-modulus composites, when loaded in compression at relatively low uniform rates of straining or loading. Test specimens of standard shape are employed. This procedure is applicable for a composite modulus up to and including 41,370 MPa (6,000,000 psi).  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values in parentheses are for information only.
Note 1: For compressive properties of resin-matrix composites reinforced with oriented continuous, discontinuous, or cross-ply reinforcements, tests may be made in accordance with Test Method D3410/D3410M or D6641/D6641M.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. A specific precautionary statement is given in 13.1.
Note 2: This standard is equivalent to ISO 604.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM D1929-23(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Determining Ignition Temperature of Plastics

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Tests made under conditions herein prescribed can be of considerable value in comparing the relative ignition characteristics of different materials. Values obtained represent the lowest ambient air temperature that will cause ignition of the material under the conditions of this test. Test values are expected to rank materials according to ignition susceptibility under actual use conditions.  
4.2 This test is not intended to be the sole criterion for fire hazard. In addition to ignition temperatures, fire hazards include other factors such as burning rate or flame spread, intensity of burning, fuel contribution, products of combustion, and others.
SCOPE
1.1 This fire test response test method2 covers a laboratory determination of the flash ignition temperature and spontaneous ignition temperature of plastics using a hot-air furnace.  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.3 Caution—During the course of combustion, gases or vapors, or both, are evolved that have the potential to be hazardous to personnel.  
1.4 This standard is used to measure and describe the response of materials, products, or assemblies to heat and flame under controlled conditions, but does not by itself incorporate all factors required for fire-hazard or fire-risk assessment of the materials, products, or assemblies under actual fire conditions.  
1.5 Fire testing is inherently hazardous. Adequate safeguards for personnel and property shall be employed in conducting these tests.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precautionary statements are given in 1.3 and 1.4.
Note 1: This test method and ISO 871-2022 (Option 1) are similar in all technical details.  
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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