ASTM G105-20

Standard Test Method for Conducting Wet Sand/Rubber Wheel Abrasion Tests

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The severity of abrasive wear in any system will depend upon the abrasive particle size, shape and hardness, the magnitude of the stress imposed by the particle, and the frequency of contact of the abrasive particle. In this test method these conditions are standardized to develop a uniform condition of wear which has been referred to as scratching abrasion (1 and 2). Since the test method does not attempt to duplicate all of the process conditions (abrasive size, shape, pressure, impact or corrosive elements), it should not be used to predict the exact resistance of a given material in a specific environment. The value of the test method lies in predicting the ranking of materials in a similar relative order of merit as would occur in an abrasive environment. Volume loss data obtained from test materials whose lives are unknown in a specific abrasive environment may, however, be compared with test data obtained from a material whose life is known in the same environment. The comparison will provide a general indication of the worth of the unknown materials if abrasion is the predominant factor causing deterioration of the materials.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers laboratory procedures for determining the resistance of metallic materials to scratching abrasion by means of the wet sand/rubber wheel test. It is the intent of this procedure to provide data that will reproducibly rank materials in their resistance to scratching abrasion under a specified set of conditions.  
1.2 Abrasion test results are reported as volume loss in cubic millimetres. Materials of higher abrasion resistance will have a lower volume loss.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 30-Nov-2020
• ICS: 83.160.01 - Tyres in general
• Technical Committee: G02 - Wear and Erosion
• Drafting Committee: G02.30 - Abrasive Wear

Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: G105 − 20
Standard Test Method for
1
Conducting Wet Sand/Rubber Wheel Abrasion Tests
This standard is issued under the fixed designation G105; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope E122PracticeforCalculatingSampleSizetoEstimate,With
Specified Precision, the Average for a Characteristic of a
1.1 This test method covers laboratory procedures for de-
Lot or Process
termining the resistance of metallic materials to scratching
E177Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in
abrasion by means of the wet sand/rubber wheel test. It is the
ASTM Test Methods
intent of this procedure to provide data that will reproducibly
G40Terminology Relating to Wear and Erosion
rank materials in their resistance to scratching abrasion under
3
2.2 SAE Standard:
a specified set of conditions.
SAE J200Classification System for Rubber Materials
1.2 Abrasion test results are reported as volume loss in
cubic millimetres. Materials of higher abrasion resistance will 3. Terminology
have a lower volume loss.
3.1 Definitions:
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as 3.1.1 abrasive wear—wear due to hard particles or hard
standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are
protuberancesforcedagainstandmovingalongasolidsurface.
providedforinformationonlyandarenotconsideredstandard. 3.1.1.1 Discussion—This definition covers several different
wear modes or mechanisms that fall under the abrasive wear
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
category. These modes may degrade a surface by scratching,
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
4
cutting, deformation, or gouging (1 and 2). G40
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
4. Summary of Test Method
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
4.1 The wet sand/rubber wheel abrasion test (Fig. 1) in-
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-
volves the abrading of a standard test specimen with a slurry
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
containing grit of controlled size and composition. The abra-
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
sive is introduced between the test specimen and a rotating
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
wheel with a neoprene rubber tire or rim of a specified
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
hardness. The test specimen is pressed against the rotating
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
wheel at a specified force by means of a lever arm while the
2. Referenced Documents grit abrades the test surface. The rotation of the wheel is such
2
that stirring paddles on both sides agitate the abrasive slurry
2.1 ASTM Standards:
through which it passes to provide grit particles to be carried
D2000Classification System for Rubber Products in Auto-
across the contact face in the direction of wheel rotation.
motive Applications
D2240TestMethodforRubberProperty—DurometerHard- 4.2 Three wheels are required with nominal Shore A
ness
Durometer hardnesses of 50, 60, and 70, with a hardness
E11Specification forWovenWireTest Sieve Cloth andTest toleranceof 62.0.Arun-inisconductedwiththe50Durometer
Sieves
wheel, followed by the test with 50, 60, and 70 Durometer
wheelsinorderofincreasinghardness.Specimensareweighed
before and after each run and the loss in mass recorded. The
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee G02 on Wear
logarithms of mass loss are plotted as a function of measured
and Erosion and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee G02.30 on Abrasive
rubber wheel hardness and a test value is determined from a
Wear.
least square line as the mass loss at 60.0 Durometer. It is
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2020. Published December 2020. Originally
approved in 1989. Last previous edition approved in 2016 as G105–16. DOI:
10.1520/G0105-20.
2 3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or AvailablefromSAEInternational(SAE),400CommonwealthDr.,Warrendale,
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM PA 15096, http://www.sae.org.
4
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Theboldfacenumbersinparenthesesrefertothelistofreferencesattheendof
the ASTM website. this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Bar
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: G105 − 16 G105 − 20
Standard Test Method for
1
Conducting Wet Sand/Rubber Wheel Abrasion Tests
This standard is issued under the fixed designation G105; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers laboratory procedures for determining the resistance of metallic materials to scratching abrasion by
means of the wet sand/rubber wheel test. It is the intent of this procedure to provide data that will reproducibly rank materials in
their resistance to scratching abrasion under a specified set of conditions.
1.2 Abrasion test results are reported as volume loss in cubic millimetres. Materials of higher abrasion resistance will have a lower
volume loss.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only. after
SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D2000 Classification System for Rubber Products in Automotive Applications
D2240 Test Method for Rubber Property—Durometer Hardness
E11 Specification for Woven Wire Test Sieve Cloth and Test Sieves
E122 Practice for Calculating Sample Size to Estimate, With Specified Precision, the Average for a Characteristic of a Lot or
Process
E177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in ASTM Test Methods
G40 Terminology Relating to Wear and Erosion
3
2.2 SAE Standard:
SAE J200 Classification System for Rubber Materials
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee G02 on Wear and Erosion and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee G02.30 on Abrasive Wear.
Current edition approved June 1, 2016Dec. 1, 2020. Published June 2016December 2020. Originally approved in 1989. Last previous edition approved in 20072016 as
G105 – 02 (2007)G105 – 16. which was withdrawn January 2016 and reinstated in June 2016. DOI: 10.1520/G0105-16.DOI: 10.1520/G0105-20.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’sstandard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
Available from Society of Automotive Engineers SAE International (SAE), 400 Commonwealth Dr., Warrendale, PA 15096-0001.15096, http://www.sae.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
G105 − 20
FIG. 1 Schematic Diagram of the Wear Test Apparatus
3.1.1 abrasive wear—wear due to hard particles or hard protuberances forced against and moving along a solid surface.
3.1.1.1 Discussion—
This definition covers several different wear modes or mechanisms that fall under the abrasive wear category. These modes may
4
degrade a surface by scratching, cutting, deformation, or gouging (1 and 2). G40
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 The wet sand/rubber wheel abrasion test (Fig. 1) involves the abrading of a standard test specimen with a slurry containing
grit of controlled size and composition. The abrasive is introduced between the test specimen and a rotating wheel with a neoprene
rubber tire or rim of a specified hardness. The test specimen is pressed against the rotating wheel at a specified force by means
of a lever arm while the grit abrades the test surface. The rotation of the wheel is such that stirring paddles on both sides agitate
the abrasive slurry through which it passes to provide grit particles to be carried across the contact face in the direction of wheel
rotation.
4.2 Three wheels are
...