ASTM F1235-03(2008)
(Specification)Standard Consumer Safety Specification for Portable Hook-On Chairs
Standard Consumer Safety Specification for Portable Hook-On Chairs
ABSTRACT
This consumer safety specification covers the performance requirements and test methods designed to ensure the satisfactory performance, and hence, minimize injuries to children resulting from normal use and reasonably foreseeable misuse or abuse of portable hook-on chairs. Chairs that conform to this specification shall pass the following performance tests: chair drop test; static load test; seat and seat back disengagement test; chair bounce test; chair pull/push test; restraint system integrity and retention tests; chair assembly test for the latching mechanism to prevent unintentional folding; torque test; tension test; and labeling test. Instructional literature detailing information such as assembly, maintenance, cleaning, operating, folding, and warnings, where applicable, must be included.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the performance requirements and test methods designed to ensure the satisfactory performance of the portable hook-on chair.
1.2 This specification is intended to minimize injuries to children resulting from normal use and reasonably foreseeable misuse or abuse of chairs.
1.3 For the purposes of this specification a chair is:
1.3.1 A seat made for the express purpose of seating and holding a child who can remain in a sitting position due to his or her own coordination.
1.3.2 Usually a legless seat constructed to locate the occupant at a table in such a position and elevation so that the surface of the table can be used as the feeding surface for the occupant.
1.3.3 Supported solely by the table on which it is mounted. These chairs are intended for use by children between the ages of six months and three years and who weigh no more than 37 lb (16.8 kg) (95th percentile male at three years).
1.4 No chair produced after the approval date of this consumer safety specification shall, either by label or other means, indicate compliance with this specification unless it conforms to all applicable requirements contained herein.
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.6 The following precautionary caveat pertains to the test methods portion only, Section 7, of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation:F1235 −03(Reapproved 2008)
Standard Consumer Safety Specification for
Portable Hook-On Chairs
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F1235; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
INTRODUCTION
This consumer safety specification addresses incidents associated with portable hook-on chairs
(chairs) that were identified by the United States Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC).
CPSC has identified injuries which occurred when chairs fell because the child pushed off the table,
components of the chair became detached or broke, and, to a lesser extent, when the table to which
the chair was attached tipped over. In response to a review of the data received by the CPSC, this
specification attempts to minimize the following: falls due to detachment of the chair from the table
or due to breakage or detachment of components; a child falling out of the chair; and chair and table
tipping over.
This specification does not cover chairs that are either blatantly misused or are used in a careless
manner that disregards the warning statements and safety instructions provided with each chair. This
specification is written within the current state-of-the-art of chair technology. It is intended that this
specification will be updated whenever substantive information becomes available that necessitates
additional requirements or justifies revising the existing requirements.
1. Scope means, indicate compliance with this specification unless it
conforms to all applicable requirements contained herein.
1.1 This specification covers the performance requirements
and test methods designed to ensure the satisfactory perfor- 1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
mance of the portable hook-on chair. as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
1.2 This specification is intended to minimize injuries to
and are not considered standard.
children resulting from normal use and reasonably foreseeable
1.6 The following precautionary caveat pertains to the test
misuse or abuse of chairs.
methods portion only, Section 7, of this specification: This
1.3 For the purposes of this specification a chair is:
standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns,
1.3.1 A seat made for the express purpose of seating and
if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user
holding a child who can remain in a sitting position due to his
of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health
or her own coordination.
practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limita-
1.3.2 Usually a legless seat constructed to locate the occu-
tions prior to use.
pant at a table in such a position and elevation so that the
surface of the table can be used as the feeding surface for the
2. Referenced Documents
occupant.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1.3.3 Supported solely by the table on which it is mounted.
D3359 Test Methods for Measuring Adhesion by Tape Test
These chairs are intended for use by children between the ages
of six months and three years and who weigh no more than 37
2.2 Federal Regulations:
lb (16.8 kg) (95th percentile male at three years).
16 CFR 1303 Ban of Lead-Containing Paint, and Certain
Consumer Products Bearing Lead-Containing Paint
1.4 No chair produced after the approval date of this
consumer safety specification shall, either by label or other
1 2
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F15 on For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Consumer Products and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F15.16 on contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Highchairs, Hook-On Chairs and Expandable Gates. Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Current edition approved Aug. 1, 2008. Published October 2008. Originally the ASTM website.
approved in 1989. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as F1235 – 03. DOI: AvailablefromU.S.GovernmentPrintingOffice,N.CapitalandHStreets,NW,
10.1520/F1235-03R08. Washington, DC 20401.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
F1235−03 (2008)
16CFR1500 HazardousSubstancesActRegulationsinclud- 4.5 All testing required by this specification shall be con-
ing sections: ducted on the same unit.
1500.48 Technical Requirements for Determining a Sharp
Point in Toys or Other Articles Intended for Use By 5. General Requirements
Children Under Eight Years of Age
5.1 There shall be no hazardous sharp points or edges as
1500.49 Technical Requirements for Determining a Sharp
defined by 16 CFR 1500.48 and 16 CFR 1500.49 before and
MetalorGlassEdgeinToysorOtherArticlesIntendedfor
after testing to this consumer safety specification.
Use By Children Under Eight Years of Age
5.2 Thereshallbenosmallpartsasdefinedby16CFR1501
1500.50.52 Test Methods for Simulating Use and Abuse of
before testing or liberated as a result of testing to this
Toys and Other Articles Intended for Use by Children
specification.
16 CFR 1501 Method for Identifying Toys and Other Ar-
ticles Intended for Use by Children Under Three Years of
5.3 The paint and surface-coatings on the product shall
Age Which Present Choking, Aspiration, or Ingestion
comply with 16 CFR 1303.
Hazards Because of Small Parts
5.4 Prior to testing, any exposed wood parts shall be smooth
3. Terminology
and free from splinters.
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
5.5 Latching or Locking Mechanisms—Any unit that folds
3.1.1 conspicuous—a label that is visible when the portable
shall have a latching or locking device or other provision in the
hook-on chair is in a manufacturer’s recommended use posi-
design that will prevent the unit from unintentionally folding
tion to a person standing near the chair at any one position but
when properly placed in the manufacturer’s recommended use
not necessarily visible from all positions.
position. The unit shall remain in its manufacturer’s recom-
3.1.2 fabric—any woven, knit, coated, laminated, extruded mended use position during and upon completion of the test in
accordance with 7.3. If a unit is designed with a latching or
or calendered flexible material that is intended to be sewn,
welded, heat sealed or glued together as an assembly. locking device, that device shall remain engaged and operative
after testing.
3.1.3 manufacturer’s recommended use position— any po-
sition that is presented as a normal, allowable, or acceptable
5.6 Scissoring, Shearing, and Pinching—A portable
configuration for the use of the product by the manufacturer in
hook-on chair, when in a manufacturer’s recommended use
any descriptive or instructional literature. This specifically
position, shall be designed and constructed so as to prevent
excludes positions that the manufacturer shows in a like
injury to the occupant from any scissoring, shearing, or
manner in its literature to be unacceptable, unsafe, or not
pinchingwhenmembersorcomponentsrotateaboutacommon
recommended.
axis or fastening point, slide, pivot, fold, or otherwise move
3.1.4 nonpaper label—any label material (such as plastic or relative to one another. Scissoring, shearing, or pinching that
metal) which either will not tear without the aid of tools, or may cause injury shall not be permissible when the edges of
tears leaving a sharply defined edge. any rigid parts admit a probe greater than 0.210 in. (5.33 mm)
and less than 0.375 in. (9.53 mm) diameter at any accessible
3.1.5 occupant—that individual who is in a product that is
point throughout the range of motion of such parts.
set up in one of the manufacturer’s recommended use posi-
tions.
5.7 Exposed Coil Springs—Any exposed coil spring that is
3.1.6 paper label—any label material that tears without the accessible to the occupant, having or capable of generating a
aid of tools and leaves a fibrous edge. space between coils of 0.210 in. (5.30 mm) or greater during
static load testing in accordance with 7.6, shall be covered or
3.1.7 seam—a means of joining fabric components such as
otherwise designed to prevent injury from entrapment.
sewing, welding, heat sealing or gluing.
3.1.8 static load—a vertically downward force applied by a
5.8 Openings—Holes or slots that extend entirely through a
calibrated force gage or by dead weights. wallsectionofanyrigidmateriallessthan0.375-in.(9.53-mm)
thick and admit a 0.210-in. (5.33-mm) diameter rod shall also
4. Calibration and Standardization
admit a 0.375-in. (9.53-mm) diameter rod. Holes or slots that
4.1 All testing shall be conducted on a concrete floor that
are between 0.210-in. (5.33-mm) and 0.375-in. (9.53-mm) and
may be covered with ⁄8 in. (3 mm) thick vinyl flooring
have a wall thickness less than 0.375-in. (9.53-mm) but are
covering, unless test instructs differently.
limited in depth to 0.375-in. (9.53-mm) maximum by another
4.2 The product shall be completely assembled, unless rigidsurfaceshallbepermissible(seeFig.1).Theproductshall
be evaluated in all manufacturer’s recommended us positions.
otherwise noted, in accordance with the manufacturer’s in-
structions.
5.9 Labeling:
4.3 No testing shall be conducted within 48 h of manufac-
5.9.1 Warning labels (whether paper or non paper) shall be
turing.
permanent when tested in accordance with 7.11.
4.4 The product to be tested shall be in a room with ambient 5.9.2 Warning statements applied directly onto the surface
temperature of 73 6 9°F (23 6 5°C) for at least 1 h prior to of the product by hot stamping, heat transfer, printing, wood
testing.Testing shall then be conducted within this temperature burning, and so forth shall be permanent when tested in
range. accordance with 7.11.
F1235−03 (2008)
FIG. 1Opening Example
F1235−03 (2008)
5.9.3 Nonpaper labels shall not liberate small parts when
tested in accordance with 7.11.
5.10 Protective Components—If a child can grasp compo-
nentsbetweenthethumbandforefinger,orteeth,(suchascaps,
sleeves, or plugs used for protection from sharp edges, points,
or entrapment of fingers or toes), or if there is at least a 0.040
in. (1.00 mm) gap between the component and its adjacent
parent component, such component shall not be removed when
tested in accordance with 7.4.
6. Performance Requirements
6.1 Chair Drop Test—The chair shall permit subsequent
tests and exhibit no mechanical hazards (sharp points, sharp
edges, or small parts) when tested in accordance with 7.5.
6.2 StaticLoadTest—Thechairshallsupportastaticloadon
the seat without causing any hazardous conditions as identified
within this specification when tested in accordance with 7.6.
FIG. 2 CAMI Infant Dummy, Mark II
6.3 Seat and Seat Back Disengagement Test—The seat back
and seat shall remain fully attached to the frame of the chair
detached through normal use. For chairs requiring consumer
when forces are applied in accordance with 7.7.
assembly, buckles must be completely threaded and the re-
straining system must be attached to a component that would
6.4 Chair Bounce Test—The chair shall remain attached to
render the chair unusable if not properly assembled.
the standard test surface as described in 7.1.16 and allow no
movement greater than 1 in. (25 mm) when forces are applied
7. Test Methods
in accordance with 7.8.
7.1 Test Equipment:
6.5 Chair Pull/Push Test—The chair shall remain attached
7.1.1 A push-pull gage.
to the standard test surface when tested in accordance with 7.9.
7.1.2 A CAMI Infant Dummy Mark II (see Fig. 2).
6.6 Restraint Systems:
7.1.3 Tension test adapter/clamp (see Fig. 3).
6.6.1 A restraint system shall be provided to secure a child
7.1.4 A 0.040 in. (1.00 mm) feeler gage.
in the seated position in each of the manufacturer’s recom-
7.1.5 Awood block 6 by 6 by ⁄4 in. thick (150 by 150 by 19
mended use positions.
mm). In all cases where there is a hammock type seat, use the
6.6.1.1 The restraint system shall include both waist and
weld cap as described in 7.1.6.
crotch restraint.The crotch restraint shall be designed such that
7.1.6 A6 in. (150 mm) weld cap, as identified in Fig. 4, for
its use is mandatory when the restraint system is in use.
use with a hammock type seat.
NOTE 1—It should be noted that this test applies to all designs of
NOTE 2—If using a weld cap, subtract the weight of the cap from the
restraining systems, whether they be of the traditional “active” or of the“
indicated test weight.
passive” type.
7.1.7 A wood block 2 by 2 by ⁄4 in. thick, (50 by 50 by 19
6.6.2 The restraint system and its closing means (for
mm).
example,buckle)shallnotbreak,separateorpermitremovalof
7.1.8 A100 lb (45.5 kg) weight.
the CAMI test dummy (see Fig. 2) from the chair when tested
7.1.9 A30 lb (13.6 kg) weight.
in accordance with 7.10.
7.1.10 A20 lb (9.1 kg) weight.
6.6.2.1 If during the tests in 7.10 the posterior of the test
7.1.11 A12 lb (5.4 kg) weight.
dummy, with the force applied, is pulled past the front edge of
7.1.12 A10 lb (4.5 kg) weight.
the seat, the dummy shall be considered removed.
7.1.13 A5 lb (2.2 kg) weight.
6.6.2.2 After the tests in 7.10.6 and 7.10.7, the CAMI
7.1.14 Webbing tension pull device (see Fig. 5).
dummy shall not be fully released.
7.1.15 A clamp with ⁄4 in. (19 mm) diameter clamping
6.6.3 The waist restraint shall be capable of adjustment with
surfaces.
a positive self-locking mechanism that is capable, when
7.1.16 Standard Test Surface, Underlayment, and Thick-
locked, of withstanding the forces of tests in 7.10 without
ness:
allowing restraint movement or slippage of more than 1 in. (25
7.1.16.1 Thestandardtestsurfaceshouldbeasmoothfinish,
mm).
impregnated high pressure, high gloss laminate.
6.6.4 A connecting means and adjustment means for the
waist restraint shall be capable of usage independent of one
CAMI Infant Dummy (Mark II), Department of Transportation, Federal
another. The connecting means shall not be an adjustment
Aviation Administration, Cami Infant Dummy, Drawing No. SA-100I, Memoran-
means, but may have one integrally attached to it.
dum Report AAC-119-74-14, Revision II, by Richard F. Chandler, July 2, 1974.
6.6.5 Before shipment, the restraining system must be
Formica, a registered trademark of Formica Corp., has been found suitable for
attached to the chair in such a manner as to not become this purpose.
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...
This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:F1235–98
Standard Specification for Consumer Safety for Portable
Hook-On ChairsDesignation: F 1235 – 03 (Reapproved 2008)
Standard Consumer Safety Specification for
Portable Hook-On Chairs
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F 1235; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
INTRODUCTION
This consumer safety specification addresses incidents associated with portable hook-on chairs
(chairs) that were identified by the United States Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC).
CPSC has identified injuries which occurred when chairs fell because the child pushed off the table,
components of the chair became detached or broke, and, to a lesser extent, when the table to which
the chair was attached tipped over. In response to a review of the data received by the CPSC, this
specification attempts to minimize the following: falls due to detachment of the chair from the table
or due to breakage or detachment of components; a child falling out of the chair; and chair and table
tipping over.
This specification does not cover chairs that are either blatantly misused or are used in a careless
manner that disregards the warning statements and safety instructions provided with each chair. This
specification is written within the current state-of-the-art of chair technology. It is intended that this
specification will be updated whenever substantive information becomes available that necessitates
additional requirements or justifies revising the existing requirements.
1. Scope
1.1 This specification covers the performance requirements and test methods designed to ensure the satisfactory performance
of the portable hook-on chair.
1.2 This specification is intended to minimize injuries to children resulting from normal use and reasonably foreseeable misuse
or abuse of chairs.
1.3 For the purposes of this specification a chair is:
1.3.1 Aseat made for the express purpose of seating and holding a child who can remain in a sitting position due to his or her
own coordination.
1.3.2 Usually a legless seat constructed to locate the occupant at a table in such a position and elevation so that the surface of
the table can be used as the feeding surface for the occupant.
1.3.3 Supported solely by the table on which it is mounted. These chairs are intended for use by children between the ages of
six months and three years and who weigh no more than 37 lb (16.8 kg) (95th percentile male at three years).
1.4 Nochairproducedaftertheapprovaldateofthisconsumersafetyspecificationshall,eitherbylabelorothermeans,indicate
compliance with this specification unless it conforms to all applicable requirements contained herein.
1.5Thevaluesstatedininch-poundunitsaretoberegardedasthestandard.TheSIunitsgiveninparenthesesareforinformation
only.
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.6 The following precautionary caveat pertains to the test methods portion only, Section 67, of this specification: This standard
ThisspecificationisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeF-15onConsumerProductsandisthedirectresponsibilityofSubcommitteeF15.40onJuvenileProducts.
Current edition approved Jan. 10, 1998. Published August 1998. Originally published as F1235–89. Last previous edition F1235–89 (1993).
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F15 on Consumer Products and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F15.16 on Highchairs,
Hook-On Chairs and Expandable Gates.
Current edition approved Aug. 1, 2008. Published October 2008. Originally approved in 1989. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as F 1235 – 03.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
F 1235 – 03 (2008)
does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this
standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D 3359 Test Methods for Measuring Adhesion by Tape Test
2.2 Federal Regulations:
16CFR 1500 Hazardous Substances Act Regulations including sections:
1500.48 Technical Requirements for Determining a Sharp Point in Toys or OtherArticles Intended for Use By Children Under
Eight Years of Age
16 CFR 1303 Ban of Lead-Containing Paint, and Certain Consumer Products Bearing Lead-Containing Paint
1500.49Technical Requirements for Determining a Sharp Metal or Glass Edge in Toys or Other Articles Intended for Use By
Children Under Eight Years of Age
16 CFR 1500 Hazardous Substances Act Regulations including sections:
1500.48 Technical Requirements for Determining a Sharp Point in Toys or OtherArticles Intended for Use By Children Under
Eight Years of Age
1500.49 Technical Requirements for Determining a Sharp Metal or Glass Edge in Toys or Other Articles Intended for Use By
Children Under Eight Years of Age
1500.50.52 Test Methods for Simulating Use and Abuse of Toys and Other Articles Intended for Use by Children
16CFR 1303 Ban of Lead-Containing Paint, and Certain Consumer Products Bearing Lead-Containing Paint
16CFR CFR 1501 Method for Identifying Toys and Other Articles Intended for Use by Children Under Three Years of Age
Which Present Choking, Aspiration, or Ingestion Hazards Because of Small Parts
2.3 ANSI Standards:
ANSI Z535.4 Product Safety Signs and Labels
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.1.1 conspicuous—a label that, that is visible when the portable hook-on chair is in a manufacturer’s recommended use
position, is visible position to a person standing near the chair at any one position near the chair but is not necessarily visible from
all positions.
3.1.2 fabric—any woven, knit, coated, laminated, extruded or calendered flexible material that is intended to be sewn, welded,
heat sealed or glued together as an assembly.
3.1.3 manufacturer’s recommended use position— any position that is presented as a normal, allowable, or acceptable
configuration for the use of the product by the manufacturer in any descriptive or instructional literature.This specifically excludes
positions that the manufacturer shows in a like manner in its literature to be unacceptable, unsafe, or not recommended.
3.1.4 nonpaper label—any label made of fabric or other material (such as plastic or metal) which either will not tear without
the aid of tools, or tears leaving a sharply defined edge.
3.1.5 occupant—that individual who is in a product that is set up in one of the manufacturer’s recommended use positions.
3.1.6 paper label—any label material (except fabric) that tears without the aid of tools and leaves a fibrous edge.
3.1.7 permanent—(label/warning attachment):
3.1.7.1labels not attached by a seam :
(1)Anonpaperlabelordecalshallbeconsideredpermanentif,duringanattempttomanuallyremoveitwithouttheaidoftools
or solvents, it cannot be removed, or such action damages the surface to which it is attached.
(2)Apaperlabelshallbeconsideredpermanentif,duringanattempttoremoveitwithouttheaidoftools,orsolvents,itcannot
be removed, it tears upon removal or such action damages the surface to which it is attached.
3.1.7.2labels attached by a seam—a label attached by a seam shall be considered permanent if it complies with the requirements
of 6.11 and does not tear, yielding a separate part, during the test.
3.1.8seam—a means of joining fabric components such as sewing, welding, heat sealing or gluing.
3.1.9
3.1.8 static load—a vertically downward load applied by a calibrated force gage or by dead weight.
3.1.10warning statements—warning statements applied directly onto the surface of the product by hot stamping, heat transfer,
printingorwoodburning,etc.shallbeconsideredpermanentiftheprintingintheareatestedisstilllegibleandattachedafterbeing
subjected to the test prescribed in 6.12.
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
, Vol 06.01.volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Available from U.S. Government Printing Office, N. Capital and H Streets, NW, Washington, DC 20401.
F 1235 – 03 (2008)
3.1.10.1Discussion—If warning statements are on labels, refer to 3.1.7.1 or 3.1.7.2. —a vertically downward force applied by
a calibrated force gage or by dead weights.
4. General Requirements
4.1The portable hook on chair shall conform to the regulations specified in Section 2 of this specification both before and after
testing.
4.2Prior to testing, any exposed wood parts shall be smooth and free of splinters.
4.3LatchingorLockingMechanisms—Anyunitthatfoldsshallhavealatchingorlockingdeviceorotherprovisioninthedesign
that will prevent the unit from unintentionally folding when properly placed in the manufacturer’s recommended use position.
During and upon completion of the test, the unit shall remain in its manufacturer’s recommended use position. If a unit is designed
with a latching or locking device, that device shall remain engaged and operative after testing in accordance with 6.3Calibration
and Standardization
4.1 All testing shall be conducted on a concrete floor that may be covered with ⁄8 in. (3 mm) thick vinyl flooring covering,
unless test instructs differently.
4.2 The product shall be completely assembled, unless otherwise noted, in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions.
4.3 No testing shall be conducted within 48 h of manufacturing.
4.4 Theproducttobetestedshallbeinaroomwithambienttemperatureof73 69°F(23 65°C)foratleast1hpriortotesting.
Testing shall then be conducted within this temperature range.
4.5 All testing required by this specification shall be conducted on the same unit.
5. General Requirements
5.1 There shall be no hazardous sharp points or edges as defined by 16 CFR 1500.48 and 16 CFR 1500.49 before and after
testing to this consumer safety specification.
5.2 Thereshallbenosmallpartsasdefinedby16CFR1501beforetestingorliberatedasaresultoftestingtothisspecification.
5.3 The paint and surface-coatings on the product shall comply with 16 CFR 1303.
4.4Nonpaper Labels:
4.4.1Nonpaper labels or decals (such as warning labels, brand name labels, decorative labels, or pin-striping) which may present
a choking hazard if removed must be permanent.
NOTE1—Paper labels are exempt from the small parts requirements of 16 CFR 1501 because paper cannot be meaningfully tested.
4.4.1.1Nonpaperlabelsthatmaypresentachokinghazardarethosethatuponremoval,fitentirelywithinthesmallpartscylinder
as defined in 16 CFR 1501. Non-paper labels that tear upon an attempt to remove them are considered labels that may pose a
choking hazard, since the size of the torn piece could fit within the small parts cylinder.
4.4.1.2Nonpaper labels attached by a seam, except warning labels, that tear along a seam only and do not yield a part that fits
entirely within the small parts cylinder, as defined in 16 CFR 1501, are not considered labels that pose a choking hazard and thus
are not required to be permanent. (Warning labels must be permanent.)
4.5
5.4 Prior to testing, any exposed wood parts shall be smooth and free from splinters.
5.5 Latching or Locking Mechanisms— Any unit that folds shall have a latching or locking device or other provision in the
design that will prevent the unit from unintentionally folding when properly placed in the manufacturer’s recommended use
position. The unit shall remain in its manufacturer’s recommended use position during and upon completion of the test in
accordance with 7.3. If a unit is designed with a latching or locking device, that device shall remain engaged and operative after
testing.
5.6 Scissoring, Shearing, and Pinching—Aportable hook-on chair, when in a manufacturer’s recommended use position, shall
be designed and constructed so as to prevent injury to the occupant from any scissoring, shearing, or pinching when members or
componentsrotateaboutacommonaxisorfasteningpoint,slide,pivot,fold,orotherwisemoverelativetooneanother.Scissoring,
shearing, or pinching that may cause injury exists shall not be permissible when the edges of any rigid parts admit a probe greater
than 0.210 in. (5.30(5.33 mm) and less than 0.375 in. (9.50(9.53 mm) diameter at any accessible point throughout the range of
motion of such parts.
4.65.7 Exposed Coil Springs—Any exposed coil spring that is accessible to the occupant, having or capable of generating a
space between coils of 0.210 in. (5.30 mm) or greater during static load testing in accordance with 6.67.6, shall be covered or
otherwise designed to prevent injury from entrapment.
4.7
5.8 Openings—Any shaped holes, slots, or cracks that exist in the product that is in its manufacturer’s recommended use
position,andthatareaccessibletothetoesandfingersoftheoccupantthroughand/orrecessedintothesurfaceofanyrigidmaterial
that admits a 0.210 in. (5.30 mm) diameter rod, shall also admit a 0.375 in. (9.50 mm) diameter rod. Openings that have a minor
dimension between 0.210 in. (5.30 mm) and 0.375 in. (9.50 mm) shall be permissible, providing the depth is no greater than the
minor dimension of the opening.
F 1235 – 03 (2008)
5.Performance Requirements
5.1—Holes or slots that extend entirely through a wall section of any rigid material less than 0.375-in. (9.53-mm) thick and
admit a 0.210-in. (5.33-mm) diameter rod shall also admit a 0.375-in. (9.53-mm) diameter rod. Holes or slots that are between
0.210-in. (5.33-mm) and 0.375-in. (9.53-mm) and have a wall thickness less than 0.375-in. (9.53-mm) but are limited in depth to
0.375-in. (9.53-mm) maximum by another rigid surface shall be permissible (see Fig. 1). The product shall be evaluated in all
manufacturer’s recommended us positions.
5.9 Labeling:
5.9.1 Warning labels (whether paper or non paper) shall be permanent when tested in accordance with 7.11.
5.9.2 Warningstatementsapplieddirectlyontot
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