ASTM E1107-15(2023)
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Measuring the Throughput of Resource-Recovery Unit Operations
Standard Test Method for Measuring the Throughput of Resource-Recovery Unit Operations
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method is used to document the mass flow rate of a resource recovery unit operation in a plant and as a means of relating operation to design objectives.
5.2 This test method is also used in conjunction with measurements of the performance of materials separators (particularly recovery and purity). As such, throughput should not generally be measured by sampling the feed since this may change its performance. Processing equipment that does not perform separations can be sampled at either the feed or product streams.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method is for measuring the throughput, or mass flow rate, of a resource-recovery unit operation, or series of unit operations.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.2.1 Exception—Paragraph 9.1.2 indicates the equivalent weight in pounds for samples with particle size greater than 90 mm.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precautionary information is given in Section 7.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: E1107 − 15 (Reapproved 2023)
Standard Test Method for
Measuring the Throughput of Resource-Recovery Unit
Operations
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E1107; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
1.1 This test method is for measuring the throughput, or
3.1.1 binary separator—a mechanical device that separates
mass flow rate, of a resource-recovery unit operation, or series
a single input feed stream into two output feed streams.
of unit operations.
3.1.2 polynary separator—a mechanical device that sepa-
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
rates a single input feed stream into three or more output feed
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
streams.
standard.
3.1.3 processor—a type of resource recovery unit operation
1.2.1 Exception—Paragraph 9.1.2 indicates the equivalent
with a single input feed stream and single output stream. Its
weight in pounds for samples with particle size greater than
function is to alter the physical or physico-chemical properties
90 mm.
of the input feed stream. The mass flow rates of input and
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
output streams should be equal unless moisture is lost.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3.1.4 throughput—the mass flow rate through a unit opera-
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
tion expressed, preferably, in units of kilograms per hour (kg/h)
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
or alternatively in units of pounds per hour (lb/h).
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
3.1.5 unit operation—a basic step in a larger process con-
Specific precautionary information is given in Section 7.
sisting of multiple steps.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
4. Summary of Test Method
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
4.1 The output streams of a separator or processor are
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
collected over a measured period of time and weighed.
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
Collection of the output stream is either in containers or by
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
stopping, then clearing, portions of conveyor belts or chutes.
For processing equipment in which materials separation is not
2. Referenced Documents
accomplished, the input stream may be sampled if this is more
2.1 ASTM Standards:
convenient.
D75/D75M Practice for Sampling Aggregates
5. Significance and Use
E868 Test Methods for Conducting Performance Tests on
5.1 This test method is used to document the mass flow rate
Mechanical Conveying Equipment Used in Resource
of a resource recovery unit operation in a plant and as a means
Recovery Systems (Withdrawn 2013)
of relating operation to design objectives.
5.2 This test method is also used in conjunction with
1 measurements of the performance of materials separators
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D34 on Waste
Management and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D34.03 on Treatment,
(particularly recovery and purity). As such, throughput should
Recovery and Reuse.
not generally be measured by sampling the feed since this may
Current edition approved June 1, 2023. Published June 2023. Originally
change its performance. Processing equipment that does not
approved in 1986. Last previous edition approved in 2015 as E1107 – 15. DOI:
perform separations can be sampled at either the feed or
10.1520/E1107-15R23.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
product streams.
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
6. Apparatus
the ASTM website.
6.1 Collection Bins—Several size collection bins are re-
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
www.astm.org. quired. The size is determined by the size of sample, which in
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
E1107 − 15 (2023)
turn is determined by the throughput of the plant. Some 9.1.2 For particle sizes greater than 90 mm (not included in
streams can be sampled into drums or barrels. Table 1 of Practice D75/D75M), the size of sample is 250 kg
(550 lb).
6.1.1 All containers must be clean and in good mechanical
9.1.3 The minimum weight of sample shall correspond to
condition, and not have rusting, flaking, or mechanically
the estimated throughput for 1.0 min or the minimum weight
weakened sections. Containers should be cleaned with water or
will be determined by the procedure in Test Methods E868.
an air hose prior to use. (Warning—Air hoses must be used
with appropriate safety equipment to avoid personal injury.)
9.2 Test samples corresponding to 9.1 are weighed without
6.1.2 The tare weight of the containers should be clearly
subdivision.
marked with paint and checked periodically. Provision may be
9.3 Three test samples shall be taken for each randomly
made for bin covers for the sampling and containment of
chosen sampling time. Two of the samples will be weighed; the
materials that can be blown or spilled. Covers must be marked
third shall be retained and weighed if the calculated through-
to indicate whether or not they are included in the tare weight
puts based on the first two differ by more than 10 %, as
of the container.
described in 12.4.
6.2 Scales—The type and size of scales varies with the size
9.4 If possible, both binary and polynary separators should
of the samples obtained. Containers as small as perhaps a drum
normally be sampled at the output sides.
to as large as perhaps a tote bin, roll-off container, or even full
truck may be used. All scales should have a precision and
10. Conditioning
accuracy of 60.1 % of reading.
10.1 Weigh the samples immediately after they are taken.
6.3 Stopwatch—Flow times are determined with a stop-
Take precautions to ensure that they neither gain nor lose
watch capable of measuring to the nearest 0.1 s.
weight from natural drying or drainage or from ambient
moisture or dirt.
6.4 Miscellaneous—A variety of scoops, shovels, brushes,
and similar tools are required to transfer materials.
11. Procedure
7. Precautions
11.1 Use separate procedures for sampling conveyors,
chutes, or discharge containers.
7.1 If samples are taken by transferring materials from a
conveyor belt, it is essential to measure the belt’s speed and use
11.2 Conveyors:
appropriate tools to be certain that all of the material, espe-
11.2.1 Conveyors are most conveniently sampled by catch-
cially including fine particulate materials, are transferred.
ing the discharge at the end of the conveyor in the tared
container. Take care that the bin is wider than the width of the
7.2 Bec
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