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ASTM C165-05

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Measuring Compressive Properties of Thermal Insulations

Standard Test Method for Measuring Compressive Properties of Thermal Insulations

SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers two procedures for determining the compressive resistance of thermal insulations.
1.1.1 Procedure A covers thermal insulations having an approximate straight-line portion of a load-deformation curve, but that shall or shall not have an identifiable yield point as shown in . Such behavior is typical of most rigid board or block-type insulations.
1.1.2 Procedure B covers thermal insulations that become increasingly more stiff as load is increased, as shown in . Such behavior is typical of fibrous batt and blanket insulations that have been compressed previously to at least the same deformation by compression packaging or mechanical softening.
1.2 It is recognized that the classification of materials under Procedures A and B shall not hold in all cases. For example, some batt or blanket materials that have not been compression packaged will exhibit behavior more typical of Procedure A for their first loadings. Also, some higher density fibrous insulation boards that have been precompressed will exhibit load-deformation curves more typical of Procedure B. There will also be thermal insulations with load-deformation curves that follow none of the three types shown here; that is, curves with no straight-line portion, curves with compaction areas, and curves that change from negative to positive slope.
1.3 This test method does not cover reflective or loose fill insulations.
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
30-Apr-2005
ICS
91.100.60 - Thermal and sound insulating materials
Technical Committee
C16 - Thermal Insulation
Drafting Committee
C16.32 - Mechanical Properties
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM C165-00 - Standard Test Method for Measuring Compressive Properties of Thermal Insulations
Effective Date
01-May-2005
Referred By
ASTM C1126-19 - Standard Specification for Faced or Unfaced Rigid Cellular Phenolic Thermal Insulation
Effective Date
01-May-2005
Referred By
ASTM C209-20 - Standard Test Methods for Cellulosic Fiber Insulating Board
Effective Date
01-May-2005
Referred By
ASTM C1512-10(2020) - Standard Test Method for Characterizing the Effect of Exposure to Environmental Cycling on Thermal Performance of Insulation Products
Effective Date
01-May-2005
Referred By
ASTM E1730-19 - Standard Specification for Rigid Foam for Use in Structural Sandwich Panel Cores
Effective Date
01-May-2005
Referred By
ASTM C552-22 - Standard Specification for Cellular Glass Thermal Insulation
Effective Date
01-May-2005
Referred By
ASTM C728-17a(2022) - Standard Specification for Perlite Thermal Insulation Board
Effective Date
01-May-2005
Referred By
ASTM C610-17(2023) - Standard Specification for Molded Expanded Perlite Block and Pipe Thermal Insulation
Effective Date
01-May-2005
Referred By
ASTM C1728-23 - Standard Specification for Flexible Aerogel Insulation
Effective Date
01-May-2005
Referred By
ASTM C726-17 - Standard Specification for Mineral Wool Roof Insulation Board
Effective Date
01-May-2005
Referred By
ASTM C1902-22a - Standard Specification for Cellular Glass Insulation Used in Building and Roof Applications
Effective Date
01-May-2005
Referred By
ASTM C1393-19 - Standard Specification for Perpendicularly Oriented Mineral Fiber Roll and Sheet Thermal Insulation for Pipes and Tanks
Effective Date
01-May-2005
Referred By
ASTM C612-14(2019) - Standard Specification for Mineral Fiber Block and Board Thermal Insulation
Effective Date
01-May-2005
Referred By
ASTM D7492/D7492M-16a - Standard Guide for Use of Drainage System Media with Waterproofing Systems
Effective Date
01-May-2005
Referred By
ASTM C1029-20 - Standard Specification for Spray-Applied Rigid Cellular Polyurethane Thermal Insulation
Effective Date
01-May-2005

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ASTM C165-05 - Standard Test Method for Measuring Compressive Properties of Thermal InsulationsASTM C165-05 - Standard Test Method for Measuring Compressive Properties of Thermal Insulations
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ASTM C165-05 - Standard Test Method for Measuring Compressive Properties of Thermal Insulations
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: C 165 – 05
Standard Test Method for
1
Measuring Compressive Properties of Thermal Insulations
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C 165; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers two procedures for determining
the compressive resistance of thermal insulations.
1.1.1 Procedure A covers thermal insulations having an
approximate straight-line portion of a load-deformation curve,
but that shall or shall not have an identifiable yield point as
shown in Figs. 1 and 2. Such behavior is typical of most rigid
board or block-type insulations.
1.1.2 Procedure B covers thermal insulations that become
increasingly more stiff as load is increased, as shown in Fig. 3.
Such behavior is typical of fibrous batt and blanket insulations
that have been compressed previously to at least the same
deformation by compression packaging or mechanical soften-
ing.
1.2 It is recognized that the classification of materials under
Procedures A and B shall not hold in all cases. For example,
some batt or blanket materials that have not been compression
FIG. 1 Procedure A—Straight Line Portion with Definite Yield
packaged will exhibit behavior more typical of ProcedureAfor
Point
theirfirstloadings.Also,somehigherdensityfibrousinsulation
boards that have been precompressed will exhibit load-
deformation curves more typical of Procedure B. There will
2. Referenced Documents
also be thermal insulations with load-deformation curves that
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
follow none of the three types shown here; that is, curves with
C 167 Test Methods for Thickness and Density of Blanket
no straight-line portion, curves with compaction areas, and
or Batt Thermal Insulations
curves that change from negative to positive slope.
C 168 Terminology Relating to Thermal Insulation
1.3 This test method does not cover reflective or loose fill
C 240 Test Methods of Testing Cellular Glass Insulation
insulations.
Block
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
E4 Practices for Force Verification of Testing Machines
as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for
E 177 Practice for the Use of the Terms Precision and Bias
information only.
in ASTM Test Methods
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
E 691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
Determine the Precision of a Test Method
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
3. Terminology
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
3.1 Definitions:
1
ThistestmethodisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeC16onThermal
2
Insulation and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C16.32 on Mechanical For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Properties. contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Current edition approved May 1, 2005. Published May 2005. Originally Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
approved in 1941. Last previous edition approved in 2000 as C 165 – 00. the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
C165–05
FIG. 4 Spherical Bearing Block for Compressive Strength Test
4. Significance and Use
4.1 In providing Procedures A and B, it is recognized that
different types of thermal insulation will exhibit significantly
different behavior under compressive load. Data must usually
be obtained from a complete load-deformation curve, and the
usefulworkingrangenormallycorrespondstoonlyaportionof
FIG. 2 Procedure A—Straight Line Portion but no Definite Yield the curve. The user is cautioned against use of the product in
Point
therangebeyondwhichtheproductispermanentlydamagedor
properties are adversely affected.
4.2 Load-deformation curves provide useful data for re-
search and development, quality control, specification accep-
tance or rejection, and for other special purposes. Standard
loading rates shall not be used arbitrarily for all purposes; the
effects of impact, creep, fatigue, and repeated cycling must be
considered. All load-deformation data shall be reviewed care-
fullyforapplicabilitypriortoacceptanceforuseinengineering
designs differing widely in load, load application rate, and
material dimensions involved.
5. App
...

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This specification covers structural insulating board for general thermal insulating, fire-resistive, and marine bulkhead applications. The structural insulating boards shall be of the following types and grades: Types I and II and Grades 1; 2; 3; 4; 5; 6; 7; and 8. Calcium silicate structural insulating board shall be composed of hydrated calcium silicate with natural or man-made fibers or fillers, or a combination thereof. The following test methods shall be performed: dimensions and density; flexural strength; compressive strength; screw holding strength; apparent thermal conductivity; combustion characteristics; and maximum use temperatures.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers structural insulating board for general thermal insulating, fire-resistive, and marine bulkhead applications. The rigid, preformed structural insulating board is for use at temperatures up to 1700°F (927°C). For specific applications, the actual temperature limit shall be agreed upon between the manufacturer and the purchaser.  
1.2 The structural insulating board maintains its structural integrity after immersion in water.  
1.3 Rapid cycling over a wide temperature range is not recommended because of potential damage due to thermal shock.  
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.5 When the installation or use of thermal insulation materials, accessories and systems, may pose safety or health problems, the manufacturer shall provide the user appropriate current information regarding any known problems associated with the recommended use of the company's products, and shall also recommend protective measures to be employed in their safe utilization. The user shall establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory requirements prior to use.  
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ASTM C165-23(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Measuring Compressive Properties of Thermal Insulations

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 In providing Procedures A and B, it is recognized that different types of thermal insulation will exhibit significantly different behavior under compressive load. Data must usually be obtained from a complete load-deformation curve, and the useful working range normally corresponds to only a portion of the curve. The user is cautioned against use of the product in the range beyond which the product is permanently damaged or properties are adversely affected.  
4.2 Load-deformation curves provide useful data for research and development, quality control, specification acceptance or rejection, and for other special purposes. Standard loading rates shall not be used arbitrarily for all purposes; the effects of impact, creep, fatigue, and repeated cycling must be considered. All load-deformation data shall be reviewed carefully for applicability prior to acceptance for use in engineering designs differing widely in load, load application rate, and material dimensions involved.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers two procedures for determining the compressive resistance of thermal insulations.  
1.1.1 Procedure A covers thermal insulations having an approximate straight-line portion of a load-deformation curve, with or without an identifiable yield point as shown in Figs. 1 and 2. Such behavior is typical of most rigid board or block-type insulations.
FIG. 1 Procedure A—Straight Line Portion with Definite Yield Point
FIG. 2 Procedure A—Straight Line Portion but no Definite Yield Point  
1.1.2 Procedure B covers thermal insulations that become increasingly more stiff as load is increased, as shown in Fig. 3. Such behavior is typical of fibrous batt and blanket insulations that have been compressed previously to at least the same deformation by compression packaging or mechanical softening.
FIG. 3 Procedure B—Increasing Stiffness  
1.2 It is recognized that the classification of materials under Procedures A and B shall not hold in all cases. For example, some batt or blanket materials that have not been compression packaged will exhibit behavior more typical of Procedure A for their first loadings. Also, some higher density fibrous insulation boards that have been precompressed will exhibit load-deformation curves more typical of Procedure B. There will also be thermal insulations with load-deformation curves that follow none of the three types shown here; that is, curves with no straight-line portion, curves with compaction areas, and curves that change from negative to positive slope.  
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