ASTM A312/A312M-09
(Specification)Standard Specification for Seamless, Welded, and Heavily Cold Worked Austenitic Stainless Steel Pipes
Standard Specification for Seamless, Welded, and Heavily Cold Worked Austenitic Stainless Steel Pipes
ABSTRACT
This guide covers standard specification for seamless, straight-seam welded, and cold worked welded austenitic stainless steel pipe intended for high-temperature and general corrosive service. Several grades of steel shall conform to the required chemical composition for carbon, manganese, phosphorus, sulfur, silicon, chromium, nickel, molybdenum, titanium, columbium, tantalum, nitrogen, vanadium, copper, cerium, boron, aluminum, and others. All pipes shall be furnished in the heat-treated condition in accordance with the required heat treating temperature and cooling/testing requirements. Tensile properties of the material shall conform to the prescribed tensile strength and yield strength. The steel pipe shall undergo mechanical tests such as transverse or longitudinal tension test and flattening test. Grain size determination and weld decay tests shall be performed. Each pipe shall also be subjected to the nondestructive electric test or the hydrostatic test.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers seamless, straight-seam welded, and heavily cold worked welded austenitic stainless steel pipe intended for high-temperature and general corrosive service.
Note 1—When the impact test criterion for a low-temperature service would be 15 ft·lbf [20 J] energy absorption or 15 mils [0.38 mm] lateral expansion, some of the austenitic stainless steel grades covered by this specification are accepted by certain pressure vessel or piping codes without the necessity of making the actual test. For example, Grades TP304, TP304L, and TP347 are accepted by the ASME Pressure Vessel Code, Section VIII Division 1, and by the Chemical Plant and Refinery Piping Code, ANSI B31.3, for service at temperatures as low as −425 °F [−250 °C] without qualification by impact tests. Other AISI stainless steel grades are usually accepted for service temperatures as low as −325 °F [−200 °C] without impact testing. Impact testing may, under certain circumstances, be required. For example, materials with chromium or nickel content outside the AISI ranges, and for material with carbon content exceeding 0.10 %, are required to be impact tested under the rules of ASME Section VIII Division 1 when service temperatures are lower than −50 °F [−45 °C].
1.2 Grades TP304H, TP309H, TP309HCb, TP310H, TP310HCb, TP316H, TP321H, TP347H, and TP348H are modifications of Grades TP304, TP309Cb, TP309S, TP310Cb, TP310S, TP316, TP321, TP347, and TP348, and are intended for service at temperatures where creep and stress rupture properties are important.
1.3 Optional supplementary requirements are provided for pipe where a greater degree of testing is desired. These supplementary requirements call for additional tests to be made and, when desired, it is permitted to specify in the order one or more of these supplementary requirements.
1.4 Table X1.1 lists the standardized dimensions of welded and seamless stainless steel pipe as shown in ANSI B36.19. These dimensions are also applicable to heavily cold worked pipe. Pipe having other dimensions is permitted to be ordered and furnished provided such pipe complies with all other requirements of this specification.
1.5 Grades TP321 and TP321H have lower strength requirements for pipe manufactured by the seamless process in nominal wall thicknesses greater than 3/8 in. [9.5 mm].
1.6 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard. The inch-pound units shall apply unless the “M” designation of this specification is specified in the order.
Note 2—The dimensionless designator NPS (nominal pipe size) has been substituted in this standard for such traditional terms as “nominal diameter,” “siz...
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Used in USDOE-NE standards
Designation: A312/A312M – 09
Standard Specification for
Seamless, Welded, and Heavily Cold Worked Austenitic
1
Stainless Steel Pipes
This standard is issued under the fixed designationA312/A312M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope* These dimensions are also applicable to heavily cold worked
2 pipe. Pipe having other dimensions is permitted to be ordered
1.1 This specification covers seamless, straight-seam
and furnished provided such pipe complies with all other
welded, and heavily cold worked welded austenitic stainless
requirements of this specification.
steel pipe intended for high-temperature and general corrosive
1.5 GradesTP321andTP321Hhavelowerstrengthrequire-
service.
ments for pipe manufactured by the seamless process in
NOTE 1—When the impact test criterion for a low-temperature service
3
nominal wall thicknesses greater than ⁄8 in. [9.5 mm].
would be 15 ft·lbf [20 J] energy absorption or 15 mils [0.38 mm] lateral
1.6 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
expansion, some of the austenitic stainless steel grades covered by this
are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the
specification are accepted by certain pressure vessel or piping codes
SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each
without the necessity of making the actual test. For example, Grades
TP304, TP304L, and TP347 are accepted by the ASME Pressure Vessel system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system
Code, Section VIII Division 1, and by the Chemical Plant and Refinery
shall be used independently of the other. Combining values
Piping Code,ANSI B31.3, for service at temperatures as low as −425 °F
from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the
[−250 °C] without qualification by impact tests. OtherAISI stainless steel
standard. The inch-pound units shall apply unless the “M”
grades are usually accepted for service temperatures as low as −325 °F
designation of this specification is specified in the order.
[−200 °C] without impact testing. Impact testing may, under certain
circumstances, be required. For example, materials with chromium or
NOTE 2—The dimensionless designator NPS (nominal pipe size) has
nickel content outside the AISI ranges, and for material with carbon
been substituted in this standard for such traditional terms as “nominal
contentexceeding0.10%,arerequiredtobeimpacttestedundertherules
diameter,” “size,” and “nominal size.”
of ASME Section VIII Division 1 when service temperatures are lower
than −50 °F [−45 °C].
2. Referenced Documents
3
1.2 Grades TP304H, TP309H, TP309HCb, TP310H, 2.1 ASTM Standards:
TP310HCb, TP316H, TP321H, TP347H, and TP348H are
A262 Practices for Detecting Susceptibility to Intergranular
modifications of GradesTP304,TP309Cb,TP309S,TP310Cb, Attack in Austenitic Stainless Steels
TP310S, TP316, TP321, TP347, and TP348, and are intended
A370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing
for service at temperatures where creep and stress rupture of Steel Products
properties are important.
A941 Terminology Relating to Steel, Stainless Steel, Re-
1.3 Optional supplementary requirements are provided for lated Alloys, and Ferroalloys
pipe where a greater degree of testing is desired. These
A999/A999M Specification for General Requirements for
supplementaryrequirementscallforadditionalteststobemade Alloy and Stainless Steel Pipe
and, when desired, it is permitted to specify in the order one or
A1016/A1016M Specification for General Requirements
more of these supplementary requirements. for Ferritic Alloy Steel, Austenitic Alloy Steel, and Stain-
1.4 Table X1.1 lists the standardized dimensions of welded
less Steel Tubes
and seamless stainless steel pipe as shown in ANSI B36.19. E112 Test Methods for Determining Average Grain Size
E381 Method of Macroetch Testing Steel Bars, Billets,
Blooms, and Forgings
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM CommitteeA01 on Steel,
E527 Practice for Numbering Metals and Alloys in the
Stainless Steel and RelatedAlloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
A01.10 on Stainless and Alloy Steel Tubular Products.
Current edition approved May 15, 2009. Published June 2009. Originally
3
approved in 1948. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as A312/A312M–08a. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
DOI: 10.1520/A0312_A0312M-09. contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
2
For ASME Boiler and
...
This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Used in USDOE-NE standards
Designation:A 312/A 312M–08a Designation: A312/A312M – 09
Standard Specification for
Seamless, Welded, and Heavily Cold Worked Austenitic
1
Stainless Steel Pipes
This standard is issued under the fixed designationA312/A312M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope*
2
1.1 This specification covers seamless, straight-seam welded, and heavily cold worked welded austenitic stainless steel pipe
intended for high-temperature and general corrosive service.
NOTE 1—When the impact test criterion for a low-temperature service would be 15 ft·lbf [20 J] energy absorption or 15 mils [0.38 mm] lateral
expansion, some of the austenitic stainless steel grades covered by this specification are accepted by certain pressure vessel or piping codes without the
necessity of making the actual test. For example, Grades TP304, TP304L, and TP347 are accepted by the ASME Pressure Vessel Code, Section VIII
Division 1, and by the Chemical Plant and Refinery Piping Code, ANSI B31.3, for service at temperatures as low as −425 °F [−250 °C] without
qualification by impact tests. OtherAISI stainless steel grades are usually accepted for service temperatures as low as −325 °F [−200 °C] without impact
testing. Impact testing may, under certain circumstances, be required. For example, materials with chromium or nickel content outside theAISI ranges,
and for material with carbon content exceeding 0.10 %, are required to be impact tested under the rules ofASME Section VIII Division 1 when service
temperatures are lower than −50 °F [−45 °C].
1.2 Grades TP304H, TP309H, TP309HCb, TP310H, TP310HCb, TP316H, TP321H, TP347H, and TP348H are modifications
of Grades TP304, TP309Cb, TP309S, TP310Cb, TP310S, TP316, TP321, TP347, and TP348, and are intended for service at
temperatures where creep and stress rupture properties are important.
1.3 Optional supplementary requirements are provided for pipe where a greater degree of testing is desired. These
supplementary requirements call for additional tests to be made and, when desired, it is permitted to specify in the order one or
more of these supplementary requirements.
1.4 Table X1.1 lists the standardized dimensions of welded and seamless stainless steel pipe as shown inANSI B36.19. These
dimensionsarealsoapplicabletoheavilycoldworkedpipe.Pipehavingotherdimensionsispermittedtobeorderedandfurnished
provided such pipe complies with all other requirements of this specification.
1.5 Grades TP321 and TP321H have lower strength requirements for pipe manufactured by the seamless process in nominal
3
wall thicknesses greater than ⁄8 in. [9.5 mm].
1.6 The values stated in either inch-poundSI units or SIinch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the
text, the SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system aremay not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system
mustshall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the
specification.standard. The inch-pound units shall apply unless the “M” designation of this specification is specified in the order.
NOTE 2—ThedimensionlessdesignatorNPS(nominalpipesize)hasbeensubstitutedinthisstandardforsuchtraditionaltermsas“nominaldiameter,”
“size,” and “nominal size.”
2. Referenced Documents
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A262 Practices for Detecting Susceptibility to Intergranular Attack in Austenitic Stainless Steels
A370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing of Steel Products
A941 Terminology Relating to Steel, Stainless Steel, Related Alloys, and Ferroalloys
A999/A999M Specification for General Requirements for Alloy and Stainless Steel Pipe
1
ThisspecificationisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeA01onSteel,StainlessSteelandRelatedAlloysandisthedirectresponsibilityofSubcommitteeA01.10
on Stainless and Alloy Steel Tubular Products.
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2008. Published October 2008. Originally approved in 1948. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as A 312/A 312M–08.
Current edition approved May 15, 2009. Published June 2009. Originally approved in 1948. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as A312/A312M–08a. DOI:
10.1520/A0312_A0312M-09.
2
For ASME Boiler and Pres
...
This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Used in USDOE-NE standards
Designation:A312/A312M–08a Designation: A 312/A 312M – 09
Standard Specification for
Seamless, Welded, and Heavily Cold Worked Austenitic
1
Stainless Steel Pipes
ThisstandardisissuedunderthefixeddesignationA312/A312M;thenumberimmediatelyfollowingthedesignationindicatestheyear
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope*
2
1.1 This specification covers seamless, straight-seam welded, and heavily cold worked welded austenitic stainless steel pipe
intended for high-temperature and general corrosive service.
NOTE 1—When the impact test criterion for a low-temperature service would be 15 ft·lbf [20 J] energy absorption or 15 mils [0.38 mm] lateral
expansion, some of the austenitic stainless steel grades covered by this specification are accepted by certain pressure vessel or piping codes without the
necessity of making the actual test. For example, Grades TP304, TP304L, and TP347 are accepted by the ASME Pressure Vessel Code, Section VIII
Division 1, and by the Chemical Plant and Refinery Piping Code, ANSI B31.3, for service at temperatures as low as −425 °F [−250 °C] without
qualification by impact tests. OtherAISI stainless steel grades are usually accepted for service temperatures as low as −325 °F [−200 °C] without impact
testing. Impact testing may, under certain circumstances, be required. For example, materials with chromium or nickel content outside theAISI ranges,
and for material with carbon content exceeding 0.10 %, are required to be impact tested under the rules ofASME Section VIII Division 1 when service
temperatures are lower than −50 °F [−45 °C].
1.2 Grades TP304H, TP309H, TP309HCb, TP310H, TP310HCb, TP316H, TP321H, TP347H, and TP348H are modifications
of Grades TP304, TP309Cb, TP309S, TP310Cb, TP310S, TP316, TP321, TP347, and TP348, and are intended for service at
temperatures where creep and stress rupture properties are important.
1.3 Optional supplementary requirements are provided for pipe where a greater degree of testing is desired. These
supplementary requirements call for additional tests to be made and, when desired, it is permitted to specify in the order one or
more of these supplementary requirements.
1.4 Table X1.1 lists the standardized dimensions of welded and seamless stainless steel pipe as shown inANSI B36.19. These
dimensionsarealsoapplicabletoheavilycoldworkedpipe.Pipehavingotherdimensionsispermittedtobeorderedandfurnished
provided such pipe complies with all other requirements of this specification.
1.5 Grades TP321 and TP321H have lower strength requirements for pipe manufactured by the seamless process in nominal
3
wall thicknesses greater than ⁄8 in. [9.5 mm].
1.6 The values stated in either inch-poundSI units or SIinch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the
text, the SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system aremay not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system
mustshall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the
specification.standard. The inch-pound units shall apply unless the “M” designation of this specification is specified in the order.
NOTE 2—ThedimensionlessdesignatorNPS(nominalpipesize)hasbeensubstitutedinthisstandardforsuchtraditionaltermsas“nominaldiameter,”
“size,” and “nominal size.”
2. Referenced Documents
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A262 Practices for Detecting Susceptibility to Intergranular Attack in Austenitic Stainless Steels
A370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing of Steel Products
A941 Terminology Relating to Steel, Stainless Steel, Related Alloys, and Ferroalloys
A999/A999M Specification for General Requirements for Alloy and Stainless Steel Pipe
1
ThisspecificationisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeA01onSteel,StainlessSteelandRelatedAlloysandisthedirectresponsibilityofSubcommitteeA01.10
on Stainless and Alloy Steel Tubular Products.
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2008.May 15, 2009. Published October 2008.June 2009. Originally approved in 1948. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as
A312/A312M–08a.
2
For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications see related Specification SA-312 in Section II of that Code.
3
ForreferencedASTMstandards,visittheASTMwebsite,www.astm.org,orcontactASTMCustom
...
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