ASTM F480-14(2022)
(Specification)Standard Specification for Thermoplastic Well Casing Pipe and Couplings Made in Standard Dimension Ratios (SDR), SCH 40 and SCH 80
Standard Specification for Thermoplastic Well Casing Pipe and Couplings Made in Standard Dimension Ratios (SDR), SCH 40 and SCH 80
ABSTRACT
This specification covers water well casing pipe and couplings made from thermoplastic materials in standard dimension ratios (SDR), SCH 40 and SCH 80. Well casing is produced in either plain end, belled end, or threaded, and is used for water wells, ground water monitoring, leak detection, recovery systems, dewatering systems, and waste disposal. The well casing pipes, well casing pipe couplings, pipe stiffness and flattening, impact resistance, tup puncture resistance, thread, threaded joints, joint strength, and well screens shall be tested to meet the requirements prescribed.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers water well casing pipe and couplings made from thermoplastic materials in standard dimension ratios (SDR), SCH 40 and SCH 80.
1.2 Specifications are provided for the application of these materials to water well and ground water monitoring applications. Flush threaded joint systems are included for screen and casing used primarily in the construction of ground water monitoring wells (see Practice D5092/D5092M).
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard. (See IEEE/ASTM SI 10.)
Note 1: Certain field conditions may require alternative materials to ensure safe long-term use. The user should consult federal, state, and local codes governing the use of thermoplastic materials for well casing or monitor pipe.
Note 2: This standard specifies dimensional, performance and test requirements for plumbing and fluid handling applications, but does not address venting of combustion gases.
1.4 Although the pipe sizes and SDR values listed in this specification are generally available, numerous other plastic pipes in Schedule 40 and 80 wall, other SDR values and various outside diameters have been used for well casing. Such products are often selected because they fulfill certain needs and Annex A1 includes a list of these Plastic Pipe Well Casing Specials.
1.5 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the test method portion, Section 6, of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation:F480 −14 (Reapproved 2022) An American National Standard
Standard Specification for
Thermoplastic Well Casing Pipe and Couplings Made in
Standard Dimension Ratios (SDR), SCH 40 and SCH 80
ThisstandardisissuedunderthefixeddesignationF480;thenumberimmediatelyfollowingthedesignationindicatestheyearoforiginal
adoptionor,inthecaseofrevision,theyearoflastrevision.Anumberinparenthesesindicatestheyearoflastreapproval.Asuperscript
epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
1.1 This specification covers water well casing pipe and
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
couplings made from thermoplastic materials in standard
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
dimension ratios (SDR), SCH 40 and SCH 80.
2. Referenced Documents
1.2 Specifications are provided for the application of these
materials to water well and ground water monitoring applica-
2.1 ASTM Standards:
tions. Flush threaded joint systems are included for screen and
D618Practice for Conditioning Plastics for Testing
casing used primarily in the construction of ground water
D638Test Method for Tensile Properties of Plastics
monitoring wells (see Practice D5092/D5092M).
D653Terminology Relating to Soil, Rock, and Contained
Fluids
1.3 Thevaluesstatedininch-poundunitsaretoberegarded
D1527 Specification for Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
(ABS) Plastic Pipe, Schedules 40 and 80 (Withdrawn
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
2013)
and are not considered standard. (See IEEE/ASTM SI 10.)
D1600TerminologyforAbbreviatedTermsRelatingtoPlas-
NOTE 1—Certain field conditions may require alternative materials to
tics
ensuresafelong-termuse.Theusershouldconsultfederal,state,andlocal
D1784Classification System and Basis for Specification for
codes governing the use of thermoplastic materials for well casing or
monitor pipe. Rigid Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Compounds and Chlo-
NOTE 2—This standard specifies dimensional, performance and test
rinated Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (CPVC) Compounds
requirements for plumbing and fluid handling applications, but does not
D1785Specification for Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Plastic
address venting of combustion gases.
Pipe, Schedules 40, 80, and 120
1.4 Although the pipe sizes and SDR values listed in this
D1892Specification for Styrene-Butadiene Molding and
specification are generally available, numerous other plastic
Extrusion Materials (Withdrawn 1987)
pipes in Schedule 40 and 80 wall, other SDR values and
D1898Practice for Sampling of Plastics (Withdrawn 1998)
variousoutsidediametershavebeenusedforwellcasing.Such
D2122Test Method for Determining Dimensions of Ther-
products are often selected because they fulfill certain needs
moplastic Pipe and Fittings
and AnnexA1 includes a list of these Plastic PipeWell Casing
D2235Specification for Solvent Cement for Acrylonitrile-
Specials.
Butadiene-Styrene (ABS) Plastic Pipe and Fittings
1.5 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the D2241 Specification for Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC)
test method portion, Section 6, of this specification: This Pressure-Rated Pipe (SDR Series)
standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, D2282 Specification for Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene
if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user (ABS) Plastic Pipe (Withdrawn 2006)
of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and D2412Test Method for Determination of External Loading
environmental practices and determine the applicability of Characteristics of Plastic Pipe by Parallel-Plate Loading
regulatory limitations prior to use. D2444Practice for Determination of the Impact Resistance
1.6 This international standard was developed in accor- of Thermoplastic Pipe and Fittings by Means of a Tup
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard- (Falling Weight)
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee F17 on Plastic contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Piping Systems and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F17.61 on Water. Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Current edition approved Feb. 1, 2022. Published March 2022. Originally the ASTM website.
approved in 1976. Last previous edition approved in 2014 as F480–14. DOI: The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
10.1520/F0480-14R22. www.astm.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
F480−14 (2022)
D2564Specification for Solvent Cements for Poly(Vinyl 5. Materials and Manufacture
Chloride) (PVC) Plastic Piping Systems
5.1 Specification—The material described shall meet or
D2855Practice for the Two-Step (Primer and Solvent Ce-
exceed the requirements of (1) Specification D3965 for ABS
ment) Method of Joining Poly (Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) or
with a cell classification of 44322 or 33333, (2) Specification
Chlorinated Poly (Vinyl Chloride) (CPVC) Pipe and
D1784forPVCwithacellclassificationof12454or14333,or
Piping Components with Tapered Sockets
(3) Specification D1892 for SR with a cell classification of
D3122 Specification for Solvent Cements for Styrene-
4434A.Thematerialsodescribedshallbeapprovedforpotable
Rubber (SR) Plastic Pipe and Fittings
water.
D3965ClassificationSystemandBasisforSpecificationsfor
Rigid Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene (ABS) Materials NOTE 3—Caution should be exercised to control heat of hydration
duringgroutingasthermoplasticmaterialsareheatsensitive.Accelerators
for Pipe and Fittings
tend to increase the heat of hydration and are not recommended.
D5092/D5092MPractice for Design and Installation of
Groundwater Monitoring Wells
5.2 Acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) well casing pipe
F402 Practice for Safe Handling of Solvent Cements,
and couplings plastic shall be virgin plastic produced by the
Primers, and Cleaners Used for Joining Thermoplastic
originalcompounder(seeSpecificationD1527).Theminimum
Pipe and Fittings
butadiene content is 6%; the minimum acrylonitrile content is
F412Terminology Relating to Plastic Piping Systems
15%; the minimum styrene or substituted styrene content, or
IEEE/ASTM SI 10American National Standard for Use of
both, is 15%; and the maximum content of other monomers is
theInternationalSystemofUnits(SI):TheModernMetric
5% and lubricants, stabilizers, and colorants.
System
4 5.3 Poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) well casing pipe and cou-
2.2 ANSI Standards:
plings plastic shall be made of virgin plastic produced by the
B1.5ACME Screw Threads
original compounder. It shall contain poly(vinyl chloride)
B1.8Stub ACME Screw Threads
homopolymer, and such additives—stabilizers, lubricants, pro-
B1.9Buttress Inch Screw Threads
cessing aids, impact improvers, and colorants—as needed to
2.3 Federal Standard:
provide the required processing and toughness characteristics
FED-STD-123Marking for Shipment (Civil Agencies)
(see Test Method D638).
2.4 Military Standard:
MIL-STD-129Marking for Shipment and Storage 5.4 The SR plastics compound shall contain at least 50%
styrene plastics, combined with rubbers to a minimum rubber
2.5 Other Standards:
content of 5%, and compounding materials such as antioxi-
Screw-Threads Standards for Federal Services 1957,Hand-
dants and lubricants, and may contain up to 15% acrylonitrile
book H28, Part III
combined in the styrene plastics or rubbers, or both. The
NSF 14Plastic Piping System Components and Related
rubbers shall be of the poly-butadiene or butadiene-styrene
Materials
type, or both, with a maximum styrene content of 25% or
NSF 61Drinking Water System Components
nitrile type, or both. The combined styrene plastics and rubber
3. Terminology
content shall be not less than 90%.
3.1 Definitions are in accordance with Terminology F412
5.5 Rework Material—Clean rework material generated
and abbreviations are in accordance with Terminology D1600,
from the manufacturer’s own well casing pipe and couplings
unless otherwise specified. The abbreviation for acrylonitrile-
production may be used by the same manufacturer, provided
butadiene-styrene plastic is ABS. The abbreviation for poly-
the well casing pipe and couplings produced meet all the
(vinyl chloride) is PVC.The abbreviation for styrene-rubber is
requirements of this specification.
SR.
5.6 Solvent Cement:
3.2 Groundwaterinvestigationtermsareinaccordancewith
5.6.1 Specification—The solvent cement shall meet the
Terminology D653.
requirements of Specification D2235 for ABS, Specification
D2564 for PVC, or Specification D3122 for SR (see Supple-
4. Classification
mentary Requirements S3).
4.1 Well casing is produced in either plain end, belled end,
or threaded, and is used for water wells, ground water
6. Requirements
monitoring, leak detection, recovery systems, dewatering
systems, and waste disposal. 6.1 Workmanship—The pipe shall be homogeneous
throughout and essentially uniform in color, opacity, density,
and other properties. The inside and outside surfaces shall be
Available fromAmerican National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,
semi-matte or glossy in appearance (depending on the type of
4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.
plastic) and free of chalking, sticky, or tacky material. The
DLA Document Services Building 4/D 700 Robbins Avenue Philadelphia, PA
19111-5094 http://quicksearch.dla.mil/.
surfaces shall be free of excessive bloom, that is, slight bloom
U.S. Government Bookstore 710 North Capitol Street N.W. Washington, DC
is acceptable. The pipe walls shall be free of cracks, holes,
http://bookstore.gpo.gov/.
blisters, voids, foreign inclusion, or other defects that are
Available from NSF International, P.O. Box 130140, 789 N. Dixboro Rd.,Ann
Arbor, MI 48113-0140, http://www.nsf.org. visible to the naked eye and that may affect the wall integrity.
F480−14 (2022)
Machined slots or holes deliberately placed in pipe are accept- 6.3.2 Bell Socket Dimensions—The socket dimensions of
able.Bloomorchalkingmaydevelopinpipeexposedtodirect well casing pipe bell couplings shall be as shown in Table 5
rays of the sun (ultraviolet radiant energy) for extended when measured in accordance with Test Method D2122.
periods, and consequently these requirements do not apply to
6.3.3 Bell Socket Wall Thickness—The wall thickness of an
pipe after extended exposure to direct rays of the sun.
integral bell shall be considered satisfactory if formed from
6.1.1 Ground Water Investigations—Pipemanufacturedinto
pipe that meets the requirements of this specification.
products used in ground water investigations should have
6.3.4 Laying Length Dimensions—Thelayinglengthdimen-
surfaces that are visually free of oils, grease, dust, and marks
sions of well casing pipe couplings shall conform to the
imparted as a result of the manufacturing process.
requirements given in Table 3, Table 4, and Table 5 when
measured in accordance with Test Method D2122.
6.2 Well Casing Pipe:
6.3.5 Socket Concentricity or Alignment—The maximum
6.2.1 Dimensions—The outside diameter and wall thickness
misalignment of axis of couplings with the pipe measured in
of the well casing pipe shall meet the requirements given in
the plane of the coupling face shall not exceed ⁄4 in./20 ft (3
Table 1 or Table 2 when measured in accordance with Test
mm/1 m) of projected axis when measured in accordance with
Method D2122. (See Specification D2282.)
7.4.
6.2.2 Wall Thickness Eccentricity—The wall thickness ec-
centricity of the pipe shall be within 12%.
6.4 Pipe Stiffness and Flattening:
6.2.3 Length—The well casing pipe shall be in either 10ft
6.4.1 Well Casing Pipe—The well casing pipe shall have a
or 20ft (3.05m or 6.10m) lengths, unless otherwise specified.
pipe stiffness at 5% deflection equal to that shown in Table 6
Theallowabletoleranceonlengthshallbe+ ⁄2,−0in.(+13,−0
and Table 7 and shall deflect 60% of the original diameter
mm) when measured in accordance with Test Method D2122.
(flattening)withoutcracking,rupture,orothervisibleevidence
6.2.4 Flush Joint Threaded Length—If specified by the
of failure when tested in accordance withTest Method D2412.
manufacturer or purchaser, the assembled length of flush
Three specimens shall be tested and all shall pass.
threadedcasingorscreenshallbeanominallengthsuchas5ft,
NOTE 5—This test is intended for use as a quality control test, not as a
10ft, or 20ft.Any given laying length the purchaser specifies
simulated service test.
will constitute an assembled length. The allowable tolerance
1 1
shall be + ⁄2,− ⁄8 in. (+13, −3 mm) on the components of the
6.4.2 Couplings and Bells shall meet all the designated
assembled laying length. The overall length of all flush dimensional requirements of Table 3, Table 4,or Table 5.
threaded screen and casing shall be the nominal or specified
Molded couplings shall have a pipe stiffness at 5% deflection
laying length plus the length of the exposed male thread (pin). equal to that shown in Table 6 and Table 7 and shall deflect
15% without cracking, rupture, or other visible evidence of
NOTE 4—The purchaser should specify whether the length is to be the
failure when tested in accordance with Test Method D2412.
laying length or the overall length. The term “laying length” refers to the
overall length less the length required to complete the assembly. Three specimens shall be tested and all shall pass.
6.3 Well Casing Pipe Couplings:
6.5 Impact Resistance Classification—The impact resis-
6.3.1 Socket Dimensions—The socket dimensions of cou-
tance classification (IC) value for well casing pipe shall be
plings shall conform to the requirements given in Table 3 and
selected from Table 8 by the manufacturer based on the
Table 4 when measured in accordance with Test Method
measured average impact values determined in accordance
D2122.
with 7.5.
6.6 Tup Puncture Resistance—The well casing pipe and
well casing couplings shall deflect 30% (puncture resistance)
without cracking, rupture, or other visible evidence of failure
TABLE 1 Outside Diameters and Tolerance for Thermoplastic
when tested in accordance with 7.6 (Note 7). Three specimens
Well Casing Pipe, in.
shall be tested and all shall pass.
Out-of-
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