ASTM F1588-96(2015)
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Constant Tensile Load Joint Test (CTLJT)
Standard Test Method for Constant Tensile Load Joint Test (CTLJT)
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method was designed to be used to validate the long-term resistance to pullout of joints designed for use in plastic natural gas piping systems.
5.2 This test method is used in addition to the short-term tests required by OPS Part 192.283b, Title 49. Informal versions of this test method are used by manufacturers and utilities to demonstrate that a joint is resistant to the effects of long-term creep and meets the requirements for classification as a Category 1 or a Category 3 joint in accordance with Specification D2513.
5.3 This test method may also be applicable for the determination of the effects of a sustained axial load on joints or other components of plastic piping systems designed for other applications. Test parameters and the internal pressurizing fluid, if any, should be listed in the referencing document.
5.4 Documents that reference this test method for products other than joints shall specify test conditions and performance requirements. In general, such products pass this test if they maintain their structural integrity, do not leak, and perform to specification during and after the test.
SCOPE
1.1 The constant tensile load joint test (CTLJT) is designed to demonstrate that a joint in a plastic piping system is resistant to the effects of long-term creep.
1.1.1 The joint is subjected to an internal pressure at least equal to its operating pressure and a sustained axial tensile load for a specified time period, usually 1000 h. The joint shall not leak, nor may the pipe completely pull out for the test duration. The total axial stress is set by the referencing document.
1.1.2 Some typical conditions for testing of joints on polyethylene pipe are described in Appendix X1.
1.2 This test is usually performed at 73°F (22.8°C).
1.3 The CTLJT was developed to demonstrate the long-term resistance to pullout of mechanical joints on polyethylene gas pipe. The CTLJT has also been successfully applied to the evaluation of other components of plastic piping systems. These applications are discussed in Appendix X1.
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation: F1588 − 96 (Reapproved 2015)
Standard Test Method for
Constant Tensile Load Joint Test (CTLJT)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F1588; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope D2122 Test Method for Determining Dimensions of Ther-
moplastic Pipe and Fittings
1.1 The constant tensile load joint test (CTLJT) is designed
D2513 Specification for Polyethylene (PE) Gas Pressure
todemonstratethatajointinaplasticpipingsystemisresistant
Pipe, Tubing, and Fittings
to the effects of long-term creep.
F412 Terminology Relating to Plastic Piping Systems
1.1.1 The joint is subjected to an internal pressure at least
2.2 ANSI Standard:
equaltoitsoperatingpressureandasustainedaxialtensileload
B31.8 Gas Transmission and Distribution Piping Systems
for a specified time period, usually 1000 h. The joint shall not
2.3 Code of Federal Regulations:
leak, nor may the pipe completely pull out for the test duration.
OPS Part 192, Title 49
The total axial stress is set by the referencing document.
1.1.2 Some typical conditions for testing of joints on poly-
3. Terminology
ethylene pipe are described in Appendix X1.
3.1 Definitions:
1.2 This test is usually performed at 73°F (22.8°C).
3.1.1 General—Definitions are in accordance with Test
1.3 TheCTLJTwasdevelopedtodemonstratethelong-term
Method D638 and Terminology F412, unless otherwise speci-
resistance to pullout of mechanical joints on polyethylene gas
fied. Abbreviations are in accordance with Terminology
pipe. The CTLJT has also been successfully applied to the
D1600.
evaluation of other components of plastic piping systems.
3.1.2 The gas industry terminology used in this test method
These applications are discussed in Appendix X1.
is in accordance with the definitions given in ANSI B31.8 or
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
OPS Part 192, Title 49, unless otherwise indicated.
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
3.2.1 mechanical joint, Category 1—a mechanical joint
and are not considered standard.
designthatprovidesasealplusaresistancetoforceonthepipe
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the end, equal to or greater than that which will cause a permanent
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
deformation of the pipe or tubing. (D2513)
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
3.2.2 mechanical joint, Category 3—a mechanical joint
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
design that provides a seal plus a pipe restraint rating equiva-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
lent to the anticipated thermal stresses occurring in a pipeline.
This category has a manufacturers’ pipe-end restraint that
2. Referenced Documents
allowsslippageatlessthanthevaluerequiredtoyieldthepipe.
2.1 ASTM Standards: (D2513)
D638 Test Method for Tensile Properties of Plastics
3.2.3 pipe—refers to both pipe and tubing.
D1600 Terminology forAbbreviatedTerms Relating to Plas-
tics 4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 A joint is subjected to a sustained axial load for a
specified period of time (usually 1000 h).The test duration and
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F17 on Plastic
the actual test conditions (axial stress, internal pressure, test
Piping Systems and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F17.40 on Test
duration, and test temperature) are either specified by a
Methods.
referencing document or, for new or unique applications,
Current edition approved Aug. 1, 2015. Published November 2015. Originally
approvedin1995.Lastpreviouseditionapprovedin2011asF1588–96(2011).DOI:
10.1520/F1588-96R15.
2 3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or Available fromAmerican National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available from U.S. Government Publishing Office, 732 N. Capitol St., NW,
the ASTM website. Washington, DC 20401-0001, http://www.gpo.gov.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
F1588 − 96 (2015)
agreed upon between the user and the manufacturer. X1.2 3-in. IPS through 8-in. IPS joints. The stroke of the cylinder
contains a background discussion of axial stress values and should be adequate for the material being tested.
axial load determination.
6.2 Applied Axial Load Determination Monitoring—The
4.2 The joint is made to plastic pipe of the type, grade, size, applied axial load shall be maintained to within 62 % of the
and dimension ratio to be used in the final application. The calculated value.
axial tensile stress should be as high as possible, but shall be 6.2.1 Dead weight is weighed before the start of a test.
lower than the stress at which the plastic material continues to
6.2.2 In systems with air or hydraulic cylinders, a load-cell
stretch and finally yields (the long-term yield strength) (see and indicator may be used between the cylinder and the test
Note 1).
assembly.An alternative is to accurately establish the relation-
ship between inlet pressure and the force generated by a
NOTE 1—During the first hours of a test, the pipe elongates measurably.
cylinder and then to monitor a pressure gage placed in the
Elongation continues for the duration of the test at a decaying rate.
pressurization line to the cylinder during the test.
4.3 A joint passes this test if it does not leak and does not
6.3 Pressure Gage—Each assembly shall have a pressure
pull out or allow slippage in excess of the manufacturers’
gage to monitor internal pressure on the test assembly. The
specified design slippage during the test duration.
gage shall be able to measure the test pressure to within an
4.4 If a pipe in the test assembly yields before the specified
accuracy of 1 % or better.
minimum test time is attained, the total stress is above the
6.4 Test Assembly:
long-term yield strength of that pipe and the test shall be
performed again at a stress level calculated to be below the 6.4.1 The test assembly is capped and verified to be leak
tight.Attachment devices that ensure straight line axial loading
long-term yield strength of the pipe.
shall be used at each end to attach the test assembly to the
5. Significance and Use
loading device. The test assembly may contain more than one
joint of the size under evaluation (see Note 3).
5.1 This test method was designed to be used to validate the
long-term resistance to pullout of joints designed for use in
NOTE 3—There are many configurations possible with the wide variety
plastic natural gas piping systems.
of joints that are available. If the mechanical joint to be tested is suitable
for the purpose, it can be used to cap the pipe ends.
5.2 This test method is used in addition to the short-term
6.4.2 The minimum length is three pipe diameters between
tests required by OPS Part 192.283b, Title 49. Informal
fittings (stiffener ends). Elongation is proportional to specimen
versions of this test method are used by manufacturers and
length. It is important to allow sufficient space in the apparatus
utilities to demonstrate that a joint is resistant to the effects of
to provide for anticipated elongation of the test specimen for
long-term creep and meets the requirements for classification
the duration of the test.
as a Category 1 or a Category 3 joint in accordance with
Specification D2513.
7. Precautions and Safety Considerations
5.3 This test method may also be applicable for the deter-
7.1 Each test fixture and joint assembly shall be designed to
mination of the effects of a sustained axial load on joints or
other components of plastic piping systems designed for other safely accommodate a sudden unexpected failure in any part of
the test assembly. Both fixture and joint(s) shall be regularly
applications. Test parameters and the internal pressurizing
fluid, if any, should be listed in the referencing document. inspected for safety. Joint pullouts usually occur unexpectedly
and proceed from start to finish in seconds. Failure may be
5.4 Documents that reference this test method for products
accompanied by the sudden release of the internal pressure or
other than joints shall specify test conditions and performance
a falling test assembly, or both.
requirements. In general, such products pass this test if they
maintain their structural integrity, do not leak, and perform to 7.2 It is strongly recommended that water be used as the
pressurizingfluidwhentestingsystemsthatmayfailinabrittle
specification during and after the test.
manner (specifically PVC systems). If that is not possible, the
6. Apparatus
test specimens shall be placed in a strong chamber at all times
when pressurized (see Note 4).
6.1 Loading Methods:
6.1.1 Any loading method that maintains the correct, in-line
NOTE 4—For example, after 938 h of uneventful testing, one 6-in. IPS
tensile load on the joint (within 62 %) for the test duration is
transition joint rapidly pulled apart. There was no indication of pipe
movement when inspected 5 min before failure.
acceptable. Loading methods successfully employed for all
size loads include lever arms, hydraulic cylinders, and air
8. Test Specimens
cylinders.
6.1.2 Dead weight (a pile of scrap steel or iron) has worked
8.1 Pipe Specimen Selection:
well for loads up to 1 ton (907 kg) (see Note 2).
8.1.1 For tests of fittings intended for use in natura
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: F1588 − 96 (Reapproved 2011) F1588 − 96 (Reapproved 2015)
Standard Test Method for
Constant Tensile Load Joint Test (CTLJT)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F1588; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 The constant tensile load joint test (CTLJT) is designed to demonstrate that a joint in a plastic piping system is resistant to
the effects of long-term creep.
1.1.1 The joint is subjected to an internal pressure at least equal to its operating pressure and a sustained axial tensile load for
a specified time period, usually 1000 h. The joint shall not leak, nor may the pipe completely pull out for the test duration. The
total axial stress is set by the referencing document.
1.1.2 Some typical conditions for testing of joints on polyethylene pipe are described in Appendix X1.
1.2 This test is usually performed at 73°F (22.8°C).
1.3 The CTLJT was developed to demonstrate the long-term resistance to pullout of mechanical joints on polyethylene gas pipe.
The CTLJT has also been successfully applied to the evaluation of other components of plastic piping systems. These applications
are discussed in Appendix X1.
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D638 Test Method for Tensile Properties of Plastics
D1600 Terminology for Abbreviated Terms Relating to Plastics
D2122 Test Method for Determining Dimensions of Thermoplastic Pipe and Fittings
D2513 Specification for Polyethylene (PE) Gas Pressure Pipe, Tubing, and Fittings
F412 Terminology Relating to Plastic Piping Systems
2.2 ANSI Standard:
B31.8 Gas Transmission and Distribution Piping Systems
2.3 Code of Federal Regulations:
OPS Part 192, Title 49
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 General—Definitions are in accordance with Test Method D638 and Terminology F412, unless otherwise specified.
Abbreviations are in accordance with Terminology D1600.
3.1.2 The gas industry terminology used in this test method is in accordance with the definitions given in ANSI B31.8 or OPS
Part 192, Title 49, unless otherwise indicated.
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F17 on Plastic Piping Systems and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F17.40 on Test Methods.
Current edition approved Aug. 1, 2011Aug. 1, 2015. Published August 2011November 2015. Originally approved in 1995. Last previous edition approved in 20072011
as F1588–96(2007).F1588–96(2011). DOI: 10.1520/F1588-96R11.10.1520/F1588-96R15.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St., 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.
Available from Superintendent of Documents, Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402.U.S. Government Publishing Office, 732 N. Capitol St., NW,
Washington, DC 20401-0001, http://www.gpo.gov.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
F1588 − 96 (2015)
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.2.1 mechanical joint, Category 1—a mechanical joint design that provides a seal plus a resistance to force on the pipe end,
equal to or greater than that which will cause a permanent deformation of the pipe or tubing. (D2513)
3.2.2 mechanical joint, Category 3—a mechanical joint design that provides a seal plus a pipe restraint rating equivalent to the
anticipated thermal stresses occurring in a pipeline. This category has a manufacturers’ pipe-end restraint that allows slippage at
less than the value required to yield the pipe. (D2513)
3.2.3 pipe—refers to both pipe and tubing.
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 A joint is subjected to a sustained axial load for a specified period of time (usually 1000 h). The test duration and the actual
test conditions (axial stress, internal pressure, test duration, and test temperature) are either specified by a referencing document
or, for new or unique applications, agreed upon between the user and the manufacturer. X1.2 contains a background discussion
of axial stress values and axial load determination.
4.2 The joint is made to plastic pipe of the type, grade, size, and dimension ratio to be used in the final application. The axial
tensile stress should be as high as possible, but shall be lower than the stress at which the plastic material continues to stretch and
finally yields (the long-term yield strength) (see Note 1).
NOTE 1—During the first hours of a test, the pipe elongates measurably. Elongation continues for the duration of the test at a decaying rate.
4.3 A joint passes this test if it does not leak and does not pull out or allow slippage in excess of the manufacturers’ specified
design slippage during the test duration.
4.4 If a pipe in the test assembly yields before the specified minimum test time is attained, the total stress is above the long-term
yield strength of that pipe and the test shall be performed again at a stress level calculated to be below the long-term yield strength
of the pipe.
5. Significance and Use
5.1 This test method was designed to be used to validate the long-term resistance to pullout of joints designed for use in plastic
natural gas piping systems.
5.2 This test method is used in addition to the short-term tests required by OPS Part 192.283b, Title 49. Informal versions of
this test method are used by manufacturers and utilities to demonstrate that a joint is resistant to the effects of long-term creep and
meets the requirements for classification as a Category 1 or a Category 3 joint in accordance with Specification D2513.
5.3 This test method may also be applicable for the determination of the effects of a sustained axial load on joints or other
components of plastic piping systems designed for other applications. Test parameters and the internal pressurizing fluid, if any,
should be listed in the referencing document.
5.4 Documents that reference this test method for products other than joints shall specify test conditions and performance
requirements. In general, such products pass this test if they maintain their structural integrity, do not leak, and perform to
specification during and after the test.
6. Apparatus
6.1 Loading Methods:
6.1.1 Any loading method that maintains the correct, in-line tensile load on the joint (within 62 %) for the test duration is
acceptable. Loading methods successfully employed for all size loads include lever arms, hydraulic cylinders, and air cylinders.
6.1.2 Dead weight (a pile of scrap steel or iron) has worked well for loads up to 1 ton (907 kg) (see Note 2).
NOTE 2—To provide an adequate stress level for ⁄8 in. DR 7 PE tubing, about 200 lb (90 kg) are required. Pipe 2 in. SDR11 PE requires about 2000
lb (907 kg).
6.1.3 Hydraulic and air-powered loading frames have been constructed to provide up to 50 000 lb (22 680 kg) for tests on 3-in.
IPS through 8-in. IPS joints. The stroke of the cylinder should be adequate for the material being tested.
6.2 Applied Axial Load Determination Monitoring—The applied axial load shall be maintained to within 62 % of the calculated
value.
6.2.1 Dead weight is weighed before the start of a test.
6.2.2 In systems with air or hydraulic cylinders, a load-cell and indicator may be used between the cylinder and the test
assembly. An alternative is to accurately establish the relationship between inlet pressure and the force generated by a cylinder and
then to monitor a pressure gage placed in the pressurization line to the cylinder during the test.
6.3 Pressure Gage—Each assembly shall have a pressure gage to monitor internal pressure on the test assembly. The gage shall
be able to measure the test pressure to within an accuracy of 1 % or better.
6.4 Test Assembly:
F1588 − 96 (2015)
6.4.1 The test assembly is capped and verified to be leak tight. Attachment devices that ensure straight line axial loading shall
be used at each end to attach the test assembly to the loading device. The test assembly may contain more than one joint of the
size under evaluation (see Note 3).
NOTE 3—There are many configurations possible with the wide variety of joints that are available. If the mechanical joint to be tested is suitable for
the purpose, it can be used to cap the pipe ends.
6.4.2 The minimum length is three pipe diameters between fittings (stiffener ends). Elongation is proportional to specimen
length. It is important to allow sufficient space in the apparatus to provide for anticipated elongation of the test specimen for the
duration of the test.
7. Precautions and Safety Considerations
7.1 Each test fixture and joint assembly shall be designed to safely accommodate a sudden unexpected failure in any part of the
test assembly. Both fixture and joint(s) shall be regularly inspected for safety. Joint pullouts usually occur unexpectedly and
proceed from start to finish in seconds. Failure may be accompanied by the sudden release of the internal pressure or a falling test
assembly, or both.
7.2 It is strongly recommended that water be used as the pressuri
...
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