ASTM A683-05
(Specification)Standard Specification for Nonoriented Electrical Steel, Semiprocessed Types
Standard Specification for Nonoriented Electrical Steel, Semiprocessed Types
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the detailed requirements to which flat-rolled, nonoriented semiprocessed electrical steel shall conform.
1.2 This steel is produced to specified maximum core-loss values and is intended primarily for commercial power frequency (50- and 60-Hz) applications in magnetic devices. Desirable core-loss and permeability characteristics are developed through heat treatment by the user.
1.3 These nonoriented, semiprocessed electrical steels are low carbon, silicon-iron or silicon-aluminum-iron alloys containing up to about 2.5 % silicon and less than 1 % aluminum.
1.4 The values stated in customary (cgs-emu and inch-pound) units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
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Standards Content (Sample)
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Designation: A 683 – 05
Standard Specification for
Nonoriented Electrical Steel, Semiprocessed Types
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A 683; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope A 720/A 720M Test Method for Ductility of Nonoriented
Electrical Steel
1.1 This specification covers the detailed requirements to
A 971 Test Method for Measuring Edge Taper and Crown
which flat-rolled, nonoriented semiprocessed electrical steel
of Flat-Rolled Electrical Steel Coils
shall conform.
A 976 Classification of Insulating Coatings by Composi-
1.2 This steel is produced to specified maximum core-loss
tion, Relative Insulating Ability, and Application
values and is intended primarily for commercial power fre-
quency (50- and 60-Hz) applications in magnetic devices.
3. Terminology
Desirable core-loss and permeability characteristics are devel-
3.1 The terms and symbols used in this specification are
oped through heat treatment by the user.
defined in Terminology A 340.
1.3 These nonoriented, semiprocessed electrical steels are
low carbon, silicon-iron or silicon-aluminum-iron alloys con-
4. Classification
taining up to about 2.5 % silicon and less than 1 % aluminum.
4.1 The nonoriented electrical steel types described by this
1.4 The values stated in customary (cgs-emu and inch-
specification are shown in Table 1.
pound) units are to be regarded as standard. The values given
inparenthesesaremathematicalconversionstoSIunitsthatare
5. Ordering Information
provided for information only and are not considered standard.
5.1 Orders for material under this specification shall include
as much of the following information as necessary to describe
2. Referenced Documents
2 the desired material adequately:
2.1 ASTM Standards:
5.1.1 ASTM specification number.
A 34/A 34M Practice for Sampling and Procurement Test-
5.1.2 Core-loss type number.
ing of Magnetic Materials
5.1.3 Surface coating type.
A 340 Terminology of Symbols and Definitions Relating to
5.1.4 Thickness, width, and length (if in cut lengths instead
Magnetic Testing
of coils).
A 343/A 343M Test Method for Alternating-Current Mag-
5.1.5 Total weight of ordered item.
netic Properties of Materials at Power Frequencies Using
5.1.6 Limitations in coil size or lift weights.
Wattmeter-Ammeter-VoltmeterMethodand25-cmEpstein
5.1.7 End Use—The user shall disclose as much pertinent
Test Frame
information as possible about the intended application to
A 664 Practice for Identification of Standard Electrical
enable the producer to provide material characteristics most
Steel Grades in ASTM Specifications
suitable for specific fabricating practices.
A 700 Practices for Packaging, Marking, and Loading
5.1.8 Special requirements or exceptions to the provisions
Methods for Steel Products for Domestic Shipment
of this specification.
A 719/A 719M Test Method for Lamination Factor of Mag-
netic Materials
6. Materials and Manufacture
6.1 Typical Melting and Casting:
6.1.1 These semiprocessed electrical steels may be made by
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A06 on
basic-oxygen, electric furnace, or other steelmaking prac-
Magnetic Properties and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee A06.02 on
tice(s).
Material Specifications.
6.1.2 These electrical steels are characterized by low car-
Current edition approved Aug. 15, 2005. Published August 2005. Originally
approved in 1974. Last previous edition approved in 1999 as A 683/A 683M – 99.
bon, usually less than 0.030 %. The principal alloying element
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
is commonly silicon, but aluminum up to about 0.8 % is
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
sometimes used instead of, or in addition to, silicon, depending
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. on mill processing practice for the desired magnetic grade.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
A683–05
A B
TABLE 1 Core-Loss Types and Maximum Core Losses at a
(coating Type C-0 in ClassificationA 976) which has sufficient
C
Magnetic Flux Density of 15 kG (1.5 T) and 60 Hz of Quality
insulating ability for most small cores.The insulating ability of
D
Evaluation Annealed Epstein Specimens
coating Type C-0 can be enhanced during the user’s heat
0.0185-in. (0.47-mm) Thickness 0.025-in. (0.64-mm) Thickness
treatment by using a slightly oxidizing atmosphere.
Maximum Core Loss Maximum Core Loss
Core-Loss Core-Loss 8.2 Applied Coatings:
Type Type
W/lb W/kg W/lb W/kg
8.2.1 Semiprocessed electrical steels may also be supplied
with a thin applied coating (coating Types C-4–AS and
47S155 1.55 3.42 64S200 2.00 4.41
47S165 1.65 3.64 64S210 2.10 4.63
C-5–ASinClassificationA 976)whichhassufficientinsulating
47S175 1.75 3.86 64S220 2.20 4.85
ability for most small cores.Amajor purpose for using coating
47S190 1.90 4.19 64S230 2.30 5.07
Types C-4–AS and C-5–AS is to reduce surface-to-surface
A
See Practice A 664.
B
sticking during the user’s heat treatment.
The test density shall be the correct ASTM assumed density (in accordance
with 14.2) for the chemistry used by the producer to meet the property require-
8.2.2 When essential, higher levels of insulating ability may
ments of this specification.
be obtained by coating semiprocessed electrical steels with
C
Maximum core losses at a magnetic flux density of 15 kG (1.5 T) and 50 Hz
thicker applied coatings (coating Types C-4 and C-5 in
are 0.79 times maximum core losses at 60 Hz.
D
One half of strips cut parallel to the steel rolling direction and one half of strips
Classification A 976). Usage of such coatings should be
cut perpendicular to the steel rolling direction.
approached with great caution since the coatings may have an
inhibiting effect on decarburization and thereby limit the
Individual producers will often have different silicon or alumi-
attainment of the lowest core losses in the user’s heat treat-
num contents for a particular grade as a result of intrinsic mill
ment.
processing procedures.
9. Mechanical Requirements
6.1.3 Sulfur content is typically less than 0.025 % and is
usually lowest in the numbered types representing lowest core 9.1 Lamination Factor—The lamination factor shall be
loss. Manganese is typically present in amounts between 0.10
determined using Test Method A 719/A 719M and shall be as
and 0.70 %. Phosphorus, copper, nickel, chromium, molybde- high as practicable. It is normally greater for 0.025-in. (0.64-
num, antimony, and tin are usually present only in residual
mm) thick steel than for 0.0185-in. (0.47-mm) thick steel and
amounts except in the higher numbered core-loss types where when the surfaces are smooth and have no applied coating.
phosphorus, tin, or antimony up to 0.15 % may be present.
9.2 Ductility—The material shall be as ductile as possible,
6.1.4 The producer is not required to report chemical consistentwithmeetingmagneticrequirements.Whenrequired
composition of each lot except where a clear need for such
the ductility shall be determined by the bend test for ductility
information has been shown. In such cases, the analyses to be
described in Test Method A 720/A 720M. Ductility is a func-
reported shall be negotiated between the producer and user. tion of microstructure and may differ between producers. The
6.2 Typical Processing—The processing sequence for semi-
user’s anneal may also affect ductility.
processed nonoriented electrical steel comprises hot rolling,
10. Dimensions and Permissible Variations
pickling, cold rolling, and annealing. An additional annealing
10.1 Thickness—Specified thickness should be one of the
operation may precede or follow the pickling operation.
6.3 When changes in the manufacture of the material are common thicknesses as follows:
believed to exert possible significant effects upon the user’s
fabricating practices and upon the magnetic performance to be Thickness, in. (mm)
0.025 (0.64)
obtained in the specified end use, the producer shall notify the
user before shipment is made so the user has an opportunity to 0.0185 (0.47)
10.2 Thickness Variations—The average thickness of the
evaluate the effects.
material supplied shall be as close as possible to the ordered
7. Magnetic Property Requirements Magnetic Property
thickness. Measurements made with a contacting micrometer
Requirements 3
at points no closer than ⁄8 in. (10 mm) from the edge of a sheet
7.1 Specific Core Loss—Each core-loss type of electrical or coil of specified width shall not differ from the specified
steel is identified by maximum core-loss limits as shown in thickness by more than the values (which include taper) shown
Table 1. in Table 2.
10.3 Edge Taper—The rolling of flat-rolled strip inherently
7.2 Permeability—The permeability at all inductions shall
be as high as possible consistent with the required core-loss produces an edge that is thinner than the rest of the strip. This
limits that govern the grade. Typical relative peak permeability
A
TABLE 2 Thickness Tolerances
(µ ) values are given in Appendix X1.
p
Thickness Tolerances, Over or Under, in. (mm) for
7.3 Specific Exciting Power—The rms exciting power re-
Specified Width, in. (mm)
quired for the excitation of a particular type of electrical steel
Specified 6 (152) Over 6 (152) Over 12 (305) Over 36 (914)
is frequently useful to the user. Typical values of specific
Thickness, Wide and to 12 (305) to 36 (914) to 48 (1219)
exciting power are given in Appendix X1.
in. (mm) Under Wide, Incl Wide, Incl Wide, Incl
0.0185 (0.47) 0.0015 (0.038) 0.002 (0.051) 0.002 (0.051) 0.003 (0.076)
8. Surface Insulation Characteristics
0.025 (0.64) 0.002 (0.051) 0.002 (0.051) 0.003 (0.076) 0.003 (0.076)
8.1 Unless otherwise specified, semiprocessed electrical A
Thickness is measured at any point across the width not less than ⁄8 in. (10
steels are supplied with a thin, tightly adherent surface oxide mm) from a side edge.
A683–05
TABLE 4 Length Tolerances
characteristic is termed “edge taper,” “feather,” or “gamma.”
Edge taper thickness variation is sometimes the major portion Length Tolerance
Specified Length
of the total overall thickness variation permitted by 10.2. Edge
Over Under
taper is defined and may be measured in accordance with Test
in. mm in. mm in. mm
Method A 971. Since edge taper occurs primarily within the
To 30, incl (to 760, incl) ⁄8 (3.2) 0 0
first 1 or 2 in. (25 or 50 mm) from the as-rolled edge, edge slit 1
Over 30 to 60, incl (over 760
...
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