ASTM D6365-99(2006)
(Practice)Standard Practice for the Nondestructive Testing of Geomembrane Seams using the Spark Test
Standard Practice for the Nondestructive Testing of Geomembrane Seams using the Spark Test
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Spark testing of geomembrane field seams is particularly useful in locations where other nondestructive test methods are not practical, for example in tight corners or a circumferential seam around a pipe.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the nondestructive testing of field seams in geomembranes using the spark test. A suspect area is indicated by the generation of a spark. The test is applicable to seams made by the extrusion method, seams made by using welding tape (a strip of the same type of material as the geomembrane, that is welded over adjacent sections of geomembrane to create a seam), or seams where it is practical to insert a conductive material in the seam just prior to or during fabrication.
1.2 The spark test may produce an electrical spark and therefore can only be used where an electrical spark would not create a hazard.
1.3 Unless the voltages and distances prescribed are carefully adhered to, a "false positive" indication may result. This false positive occurs when the arc distance is too large for the voltage applied at the time and conditions of testing.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate health and safety practices and to determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation:D6365–99 (Reapproved 2006)
Standard Practice for
the Nondestructive Testing of Geomembrane Seams using
the Spark Test
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6365; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3.1.1 geomembrane, n—an essentially impermeable geo-
synthetic composed of one or more synthetic sheets.
1.1 This practice covers the nondestructive testing of field
3.1.1.1 Discussion—In geotechnical engineering, essen-
seams in geomembranes using the spark test.Asuspect area is
tially impermeable means that no measurable liquid flows
indicated by the generation of a spark. The test is applicable to
through a geosynthetic when tested in accordance with Test
seams made by the extrusion method, seams made by using
Methods D4491.
welding tape (a strip of the same type of material as the
3.1.2 seam, n—a permanent joining of two or more mate-
geomembrane, that is welded over adjacent sections of
rials.
geomembrane to create a seam), or seams where it is practical
3.2 For definition of other terms, see Terminology D4439.
to insert a conductive material in the seam just prior to or
during fabrication.
4. Summary of Practice
1.2 The spark test may produce an electrical spark and
4.1 Tousethispracticeaconductivematerialisinsertedinto
therefore can only be used where an electrical spark would not
the field seam just prior to or during fabrication. The conduc-
create a hazard.
tive material in the seam is connected to the negative terminal
1.3 Unless the voltages and distances prescribed are care-
of the test apparatus, and a positive voltage is applied across
fully adhered to, a “false positive” indication may result. This
the seam edge. A suspect area in the seam is indicated by a
false positive occurs when the arc distance is too large for the
spark from the voltage source to the conductive material.
voltage applied at the time and conditions of testing.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
5. Significance and Use
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
5.1 Spark testing of geomembrane field seams is particu-
only.
larly useful in locations where other nondestructive test meth-
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
ods are not practical, for example in tight corners or a
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
circumferential seam around a pipe.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate health and safety practices and to determine the
6. Apparatus
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
6.1 The test apparatus consists of a high–voltage, low–cur-
rent source with a negative terminal for ground and a positive
2. Referenced Documents
terminal for a voltage applicator. A voltage applicator may
2.1 ASTM Standards:
consist of a handle and wire brush, conductive neoprene
D4439 Terminology for Geosynthetics
squeegee, or other suitable applicator.
D4491 Test Methods for Water Permeability of Geotextiles
6.2 The range of the high voltage source is typically 20 000
by Permittivity
to 35 000 V.
3. Terminology 6.2.1 The voltage required to cause a discharge (spark)
between the positive electrode and the negative electrode wire
3.1 Definitions:
is expressed by the formula.
V 5 K=D (1)
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D35 on Geosyn-
thetics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D35.10 on Geomembranes.
where:
Current edition approved June 1, 2006. Published June 2006. Originally
V = test voltage,
approved in 1999. Last previous edition approved in 1999 as D6365 – 99. DOI:
1/2
K = a constant (V/(mm) ), and
10.1520/D6365-99R06.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or D = the distance from the edge of the extrusion bead on the
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
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