ASTM A592/A592M-04(2009)
(Specification)Standard Specification for High-Strength Quenched and Tempered Low-Alloy Steel Forged Fittings and Parts for Pressure Vessels
Standard Specification for High-Strength Quenched and Tempered Low-Alloy Steel Forged Fittings and Parts for Pressure Vessels
ABSTRACT
ASTM A592/A592M-04 covers the standard specification for high-strength quenched and tempered low-alloy steel forged fittings and parts used for pressure vessels. The steel shall be made by a melting process and shall be fully killed and fine grained. After forging and before reheating, the forgings shall be cooled to provide substantially complete transformation of austenite. Samples for mechanical test specimens shall be removed after the quenching and tempering heat treatment. The test specimens may be machined from a production forging or from special forged blocks suitably worked and heat treated with the production forgings. Such special blocks shall be obtained from an ingot, slab, or billet from the same heat as the forgings they represent and shall be reduced by forging in a manner similar to that for the products to be represented. The specimens shall undergo tension and Charpy V-notch impact tests.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers high-strength quenched and tempered low-alloy steel forged fittings and parts for pressure vessels. The maximum thickness of forgings under this specification shall be 1½ in. [38 mm] for Grade A, and 4 in. [100 mm] for Grades E and F.
Note 1—These grades are similar to corresponding grades in Specification A 517/A 517M.
1.2 Although no provision is made for supplementary requirements in this standard, the supplementary requirements in Specification A 788/A 788M may be considered by the purchaser.
1.3 Welding technique is of fundamental importance and it is presupposed that welding procedures will be in accordance with approved methods for the class of material used.
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
1.5 Unless the order specifies the applicable “M” specification designation, the material shall be furnished to the inch-pound units.
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Designation: A592/A592M – 04 (Reapproved 2009)
Standard Specification for
High-Strength Quenched and Tempered Low-Alloy Steel
Forged Fittings and Parts for Pressure Vessels
This standard is issued under the fixed designationA592/A592M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope A370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing
2 of Steel Products
1.1 This specification covers high-strength quenched and
A517/A517M Specification for Pressure Vessel Plates, Al-
tempered low-alloy steel forged fittings and parts for pressure
loy Steel, High-Strength, Quenched and Tempered
vessels. The maximum thickness of forgings under this speci-
1 A788/A788M Specification for Steel Forgings, General Re-
fication shall be 1 ⁄2 in. [38 mm] for Grade A, and 4 in. [100
quirements
mm] for Grades E and F.
E112 Test Methods for Determining Average Grain Size
NOTE 1—These grades are similar to corresponding grades in Specifi-
cation A517/A517M.
3. Ordering Information and General Requirements
1.2 Although no provision is made for supplementary re-
3.1 In addition to the ordering information required by
quirements in this standard, the supplementary requirements in
Specification A788/A788M, the purchaser shall include with
Specification A788/A788M may be considered by the pur-
the inquiry and order the following information:
chaser.
3.1.1 Adetailed drawing, a sketch, or written description of
1.3 Welding technique is of fundamental importance and it
the forging.
is presupposed that welding procedures will be in accordance
3.1.2 The charpy impact test temperature if a test tempera-
with approved methods for the class of material used.
ture lower than 32°F [0°C] is required.
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
3.1.3 Additional heat treatment cycles to be applied to the
are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in
mechanical test specimens following removal from the heat-
each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each
treated forging or special forged test block.
system shall be used independently of the other. Combining
3.1.4 Required supplementary requirement(s) from Specifi-
values from the two systems may result in non-conformance
cation A788/A788M.
with the standard.
3.2 Material supplied to this specification shall conform to
1.5 Unless the order specifies the applicable “M” specifica-
the requirements of Specification A788/A788M, which out-
tion designation, the material shall be furnished to the inch-
lines additional ordering information, manufacturing require-
pound units.
ments, testing and retesting methods and procedures, marking,
certification,productanalysisvariations,andadditionalsupple-
2. Referenced Documents
mentaryrequirements.Failuretocomplywiththerequirements
2.1 ASTM Standards:
of Specification A788/A788M constitutes non-conformance
with this specification.
3.3 If the requirements of this specification are in conflict
with the requirements of Specification A788/A788M, the
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel,
requirements of this specification shall prevail.
Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
A01.06 on Steel Forgings and Billets.
Current edition approved April 1, 2009. Published April 2009. Originally 4. Materials and Manufacture
approved in 1968. Last previous edition approved in 2004 as A592/A592M – 04.
4.1 MeltingProcess—Thesteelshallbemadeinaccordance
DOI: 10.1520/A0592_A0592M-04R09.
with the Melting Process Section of Specification A788/
For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications see related Specifi-
cation SA-592/SA-592M in Section II of that Code.
A788M.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
4.2 Grain Size—The steel shall be fully killed, fine grained
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
(ASTM No. 5 or finer), as determined in accordance with Test
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. Methods E112, Plate IV.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
A592/A592M – 04 (2009)
TABLE 2 Tensile Requirements
4.3 Discard—Sufficient discard shall be made from each
1 1
ingottoensurefreedomfrompipingandexcessivesegregation. Up to 2 ⁄2 in. Over 2 ⁄2 in.to4in.
[65 mm], incl [65 to 100 mm], incl
4.4 The finished product shall be a hot-worked forging as
Tensile strength, psi (MPa) 115 000 to 135 000 105 000 to 135 000
defined by Specification A788/A788M, and shall be forged as
[795 to 930] [725 to 930]
close as practicable to the finished shape and size.
Yield strength (0.2 % offset), min, 100 000 [690] 90 000 [620]
psi [MPa]
5. Heat Treatment
Elongation in 2 in. [50 mm], 18 17
min, %
5.1 After forging and before reheating, the forgings shall be
Reduction of area, min, % 45 40
cooled to provide substantially complete transformation of
austenite. Heat treatment for properties shall consist of heating
the forgings to not less than 1650°F [900°C], quenching in a
liquid medium, and tempering at 1150°F [620°C] minimum, 3 for lateral expansion opposite the notch in Charpy V-notch
with a holding time of 1 h/in. [1 h/25 mm] minimum, but in no
impact tests. In addition, for the Charpy impact test, the values
case less than ⁄2 h. of energy absorption in foot-pounds [or joules] and the fracture
appearance in percent shear shall be recorded and reported for
6. Chemical Requirements Chemical Requir
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:A 592/A 592M–04 Designation: A592/A592M – 04 (Reapproved 2009)
Standard Specification for
High-Strength Quenched and Tempered Low-Alloy Steel
Forged Fittings and Parts for Pressure Vessels
This standard is issued under the fixed designationA592/A592M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope *
1.1 Thisspecification covershigh-strengthquenchedandtemperedlow-alloysteelforgedfittingsandpartsforpressurevessels.
The maximum thickness of forgings under this specification shall be 1 ⁄2 in. [38 mm] for GradeA, and 4 in. [100 mm] for Grades
E and F.
NOTE 1—These grades are similar to corresponding grades in Specification A 517A517/A517M/A 517M.
1.2 Although no provision is made for supplementary requirements in this standard, the supplementary requirements in
Specification A 788A 788A788/A788M may be considered by the purchaser.
1.3 Welding technique is of fundamental importance and it is presupposed that welding procedures will be in accordance with
approved methods for the class of material used.
1.4The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI (metric) units are to be regarded separately as the standard; within the text
and tables, the SI units are shown in [brackets]. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system
must be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the
specification.
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each
system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the
two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard.
1.5 Unless the order specifies the applicable “M” specification designation, the material shall be furnished to the inch-pound
units.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing of Steel Products
A517/A517M Specification for Pressure Vessel Plates, Alloy Steel, High-Strength, Quenched and Tempered
A788788/A788M Specification for Steel Forgings, General Requirements
E112 Test Methods for Determining the Average Grain Size
3. Ordering Information and General Requirements
3.1 In addition to the ordering information required by SpecificationA788A788A788/A788M, the purchaser shall include with
the inquiry and order the following information:
3.1.1 A detailed drawing, a sketch, or written description of the forging.
3.1.2 The charpy impact test temperature if a test temperature lower than 32°F [0°C] is required.
3.1.3 Additional heat treatment cycles to be applied to the mechanical test specimens following removal from the heat- treated
forging or special forged test block.
3.1.4Required supplementary requirement(s) from specification A 788A 788
3.1.4 Required supplementary requirement(s) from Specification A788/A788M.
3.2 Material supplied to this specification shall conform to the requirements of SpecificationA788A788A788/A788M, which
This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM CommitteeA01 on Steel, Stainless Steel and RelatedAlloys and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeA01.06
on Steel Forgings and Billets.
Current edition approved May 1, 2004. Published June 2004. Originally approved in 1968. Last previous edition approved in 1999 as A 592–89 (1999).
Current edition approved April 1, 2009. Published April 2009. Originally approved in 1968. Last previous edition approved in 2004 as A592/A592M – 04. DOI:
10.1520/A0592_A0592M-04R09.
For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications see related Specification SA-592/SA-592M in Section II of that Code.
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book ofASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
A592/A592M – 04 (2009)
outlines additional ordering information, manufacturing requirements, testing and retesting methods and procedures, marking,
certification, product analysis variations, and additional supplementary requirements. Failure to comply with the requirements of
Specification A 788A 788A788/A788M constitutes non-conformance with this specification.
3.3 If the requirements of this specification are in conflict with the requirements of SpecificationA788A788A788/A788M, the
requirements of this specification shall prevail.
4. Materials and Manufacture
4.1 Melting Process—The steel shall be made in accordance with the Melting Process Section of Specification A 788A
788A788/A788M.
4.2 Grain Size—The steel shall be fully killed, fine grained (ASTM No. 5 or finer), as determined in accordance with Test
Methods E 112E112, Plate IV.
4.3 Discard—Sufficient discard shall be made from each ingot to ensure freedom from piping and excessive segregation.
4.4 The finished product shall be a hot-worked forging as defined by Specification A 788A 788A788/A788M, and shall be
forged as close as practicable to the finished shape and size.
5. Heat Treatment
5.1 After forging and before reheating, the forgings shall be cooled to provide substantially complete transformation of
austenite. Heat treatment for properties shall consist of heating the forgings to not less than 1650°F [900°C], quenching in a liquid
medium, and tempering at 1150°F [620°C] minimum, with a holding time of 1 h/in. [1 h/25 mm] minimum, but in no case less
than ⁄2 h.
6. Chemical Requirements Chemical Requirements
6.1 HeatAnalysis—The heat analysis obtained from sampling in accordance with SpecificationA788A788A788/A788M shall
comply with Table 1.
6.2 Product Analysis—The purchaser may use the product analysis provision of Specification A 788A 788A788/A788M to
obtain a product analysis from a forging representing each heat or multiple heat.
TABLE 1 Chemical Requirements
Element Composition, %
A A A
Grade A Grade E Grade F
Carbon
0.15–0.21 0.12–0.20 0.10–0.20
Manganese
0.80–1.10 0.40–0.70 0.60–1.00
Phosphorus, max 0.025 0.025 0.025
Sulfur, max 0.025 0.025 0.025
Silicon
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:A 592/A 592M–89 (Reapproved 1999) Designation: A 592/A 592M – 04
(Reapproved 2009)
Standard Specification for
High-Strength Quenched and Tempered Low-Alloy Steel
Forged Fittings and Parts for Pressure Vessels
This standard is issued under the fixed designationA 592/A 592M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 Thisspecification covershigh-strengthquenchedandtemperedlow-alloysteelforgedfittingsandpartsforpressurevessels.
1 3
The maximum thickness of forgings under this specification shall be 1 ⁄2 in. [38 mm] for GradeA, and 3 ⁄4 in. [95 mm] for Grades
E and F (4 in. [102 mm] maximum as heat treated). in. [38 mm] for Grade A, and 4 in. [100 mm] for Grades E and F.
NOTE 1—These grades are similar to corresponding grades in Specification A 517/A 517M/A517M.
1.2 Although no provision is made for supplementary requirements in this standard, the supplementary requirements in
Specification A 788/A 788M may be considered by the purchaser.
1.3 Welding technique is of fundamental importance and it is presupposed that welding procedures will be in accordance with
approved methods for the class of material used.
1.3The1.4 The values stated in either inch-poundSI units or SI (metric) inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as the
standard; within the text and tables, the SI units are shown in [brackets]. standard. The values stated in each system aremay not
be exact equivalents; therefore, each system mustshall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems
may result in non-conformance with the specification.standard.
1.45 Unless the order specifies the applicable “M” specification designation, the material shall be furnished to the inch-pound
units.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A 370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing of Steel Products
A 517/A 517M Specification for Pressure Vessel Plates, Alloy Steel, High-Strength, Quenched and Tempered
A 788/A 788M Specification for Steel Forgings, General Requirements
E112 Test Methods for Determining the Average Grain Size
3. Ordering Information and General Requirements
3.1In addition to the ordering information required by SpecificationA788, the purchaser shall include with the inquiry and order
a detailed drawing, a sketch, or written description of the forging.
3.2Material supplied to this specification shall conform to the requirements of Specification A788, which outlines additional
ordering information, manufacturing requirements, testing and retesting methods and procedures, marking, certification, product
analysis variations, and additional supplementary requirements.
3.3If the requirements of this specification are in conflict with the requirements of Specification A788
3.1 InadditiontotheorderinginformationrequiredbySpecificationA 788/A 788M,thepurchasershallincludewiththeinquiry
and order the following information:
3.1.1 A detailed drawing, a sketch, or written description of the forging.
3.1.2 The charpy impact test temperature if a test temperature lower than 32°F [0°C] is required.
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A-1 A01 on Steel, Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
A01.06 on Steel Forgings and Billets.
Current edition approved May 17, 1989. Published July 1989. Originally published as A592–68. Last previous edition A592–88.
Current edition approved April 1, 2009. Published April 2009. Originally approved in 1968. Last previous edition approved in 2004 as A 592/A 592M – 04.
For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications see related Specification SA-592/SA-592M in Section II of that Code.
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 01.03.
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
A 592/A 592M – 04 (2009)
3.1.3 Additional heat treatment cycles to be applied to the mechanical test specimens following removal from the heat- treated
forging or special forged test block.
3.1.4 Required supplementary requirement(s) from Specification A 788/A 788M.
3.2 Material supplied to this specification shall conform to the requirements of Specification A 788/A 788M, which outlines
additional ordering information, manufacturing requirements, testing and retesting methods and procedures, marking, certification,
product analysis variations, and additional supplementary requirements. Failure to comply with the requirements of Specification
A 788/A 788M constitutes non-conformance with this specification.
3.3 If the requirements of this specification are in conflict with the requirements of Specification A 788/A 788M, the
requirements of this specification shall prevail.
4. Materials and Manufacture
4.1 Melting Process—The steel shall be made in accordance with the Melting Process Section of Specification A788A 788/
A 788M.
4.2 Grain Size—The steel shall be fully killed, fine grained (ASTM No. 5 or finer), as determined in accordance with Test
Methods E 112, Plate IV.
4.3 Discard—Sufficient discard shall be made from each ingot to ensure freedom from piping and excessive segregation.
4.4 The finished product shall be a hot-worked forging as defined by SpecificationA788A 788/A 788M, and shall be forged as
close as practicable to the finished shape and size.
5. Heat Treatment
5.1After forging and before reheating, the forgings shall be cooled to provide substantially complete transformation of austenite.
Heat treatment for properties shall consist of heating the forgings to not less than 1650°F [900°C], quenching in a liquid medium,
and tempering at 1150°F [620°C] minimum, with a holding time of 1 h/in. [1 h/25 mm] minimum, but in no case less than ⁄2 h.
Forgingswithsectionsover2 ⁄2to4in.[65to100mm]inclusive,shallbeliquidquenchedfromatemperaturenotlessthan1750°F
[955°C] prior to the above treatment for properties.
5.1 After forging and before reheating, the forgings shall be cooled to provide substantially complete transformation of
austenite. Heat treatment for properties shall consist of heating the forgings to not less than 1650°F [900°C], quenching in a liquid
medium, and tempering at 1150°F [620°C] minimum, with a holding time of 1 h/in. [1 h/25 mm] minimum, but in no case less
than ⁄2 h.
6. Chemical Requirements Chemical Requirements
6.1 Heat Analysis—The heat analysis obtained from sampling in accordance with Specification A788A 788/A 788Mshall
comply with Table 1.
6.2 Product Analysis—The purchaser may use the product analysis provision of Specification A788A 788/A 788Mto obtain a
product analysis from a forging representing each heat or multiple heat.
7. Mechanical Requirements
7.1 The forgings as represented by tension tests shall conform to the requirements prescribed inTable 2. CharpyV-notch impact
specimens shall have a lateral expansion opposite the notch of not less than 0.015 in. (15 mils) [0.38 mm]. In addition the values
of energy absorption in foot-pounds (or joules) and the fracture appearance in percent shear shall be recorded and reported for
information. , and to Table 3 for lateral expansion opposite the notch in Charpy V-notch impact tests. In addition, for the Charpy
impact test, the values of energy absorption in foot-pounds [or joules] and the fracture appearance in percent shear shall be
recorded and reported for information.
7.2 Sampling:
7.2.1 Samples for mechanical test specimens shall be removed after the quenching and tempering heat treatment.The purchaser
shall specify an
...
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