ASTM D7549-23

Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Heavy-Duty Engine Oils under High Output Conditions—Caterpillar C13 Test Procedure

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method assesses the performance of an engine oil with respect to control of piston deposits and maintenance of oil consumption under heavy-duty operating conditions selected to accelerate deposit formation in a turbocharged, intercooled four-stroke-cycle diesel engine equipped with a combustion system that minimizes federally controlled exhaust gas emissions.  
5.2 The results from this test method may be compared against specification requirements to ascertain acceptance.  
5.3 The design of the test engine used in this test method is representative of many, but not all, diesel engines. This factor, along with the accelerated operating conditions, needs to be considered when comparing test results against specification requirements.
SCOPE
1.1 The test method covers a heavy-duty engine test procedure under high output conditions to evaluate engine oil performance with regard to piston deposit formation, piston ring sticking and oil consumption control in a combustion environment designed to minimize exhaust emissions. This test method is commonly referred to as the Caterpillar C13 Heavy-Duty Engine Oil Test.3  
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.2.1 Exceptions—Where there are no SI equivalent such as screw threads, National Pipe Treads (NPT), and tubing sizes.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. See Annex A1 for general safety precautions.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 30-Jun-2023
• ICS: 75.100 - Lubricants, industrial oils and related products
• Technical Committee: D02 - Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants
• Drafting Committee: D02.B0 - Automotive Lubricants

Relations

• Refers: ASTM D93-20 - Standard Test Methods for Flash Point by Pensky-Martens Closed Cup Tester
• Effective Date: 01-Aug-2020

Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D7549 − 23
Standard Test Method for
Evaluation of Heavy-Duty Engine Oils under High Output
1
Conditions—Caterpillar C13 Test Procedure
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7549; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
INTRODUCTION
Any properly equipped laboratory, without outside assistance, can use the test procedure described
2
in this test method. The ASTM Test Monitoring Center (TMC) provides calibration and an
assessment of the test results obtained on those oils by the laboratory. By this means the laboratory
will know whether its use of the test method gives results statistically similar to those obtained by
other laboratories. Furthermore, various agencies require that a laboratory utilizes the TMC services
in seeking qualification of oils against specifications. For example, the U.S. Army has such a
requirement in some of its engine oil specifications. Accordingly, this test method is written for those
laboratories that use the TMC services. Laboratories that choose not to use these services should
2
ignore those portions of the test method that refer to the TMC. Information letters issued periodically
by the TMC may modify this test method. In addition the TMC may issue supplementary memoranda
related to the test method.
ASTM International policy is to encourage the development of test procedures based on generic
equipment. It is recognized that there are occasions where critical/sole-source equipment has been
approved by the technical committee (surveillance panel/task force) and is required by the test
procedure. The technical committee that oversees the test procedure is encouraged to clearly identify
if the part is considered critical in the test procedure. If a part is deemed to be critical, ASTM
encourages alternative suppliers to be given the opportunity for consideration of supplying the critical
part/component providing they meet the approval process set forth by the technical committee.
An alternative supplier can start the process by initiating contact with the technical committee
(current chairs shown on ASTM TMC website). The supplier should advise on the details of the part
that is intended to be supplied. The technical committee will review the request and determine
feasibility of an alternative supplier for the requested replacement critical part. In the event that a
replacement critical part has been identified and proven equivalent, the sole-source supplier footnote
shall be removed from the test procedure.
1. Scope* performance with regard to piston deposit formation, piston
ring sticking and oil consumption control in a combustion
1.1 The test method covers a heavy-duty engine test proce-
environment designed to minimize exhaust emissions. This test
dure under high output conditions to evaluate engine oil
method is commonly referred to as the Caterpillar C13
3
Heavy-Duty Engine Oil Test.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
Subcommittee D02.B0 on Automotive Lubricants.
standard.
Current edition approved July 1, 2023. Published July 2023. Originally published
in 2009. Last previous edition approved in 2021 as D7549 – 21. DOI: 10.1520/
1.2.1 Exceptions—Where there are no SI equivalent such as
D7549-23.
screw threads, National Pipe Treads (NPT), and tubing sizes.
2
The ASTM Test Monitoring Center will update changes in this test method by
means of Information Letters. This edition includes all information letters through
3
No. 23-1. Information Letters may be obtained by from the ASTM Test Monitoring Caterpillar Inc., Engine System Technology Development, PO Box 610,
Center, 203 Armstrong Drive, Freeport, PA 16229, Attention: Director. Mossville, IL 61552-0610.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

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D7549 − 23
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the D4739 Test Method for Base Number Determination by
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the Potentiometric Hydrochloric Acid Titration
responsibility of the user of this stan
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D7549 − 21 D7549 − 23
Standard Test Method for
Evaluation of Heavy-Duty Engine Oils under High Output
1
Conditions—Caterpillar C13 Test Procedure
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7549; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
INTRODUCTION
Any properly equipped laboratory, without outside assistance, can use the test procedure described
2
in this test method. The ASTM Test Monitoring Center (TMC) provides calibration and an
assessment of the test results obtained on those oils by the laboratory. By this means the laboratory
will know whether its use of the test method gives results statistically similar to those obtained by
other laboratories. Furthermore, various agencies require that a laboratory utilizes the TMC services
in seeking qualification of oils against specifications. For example, the U.S. Army has such a
requirement in some of its engine oil specifications. Accordingly, this test method is written for those
laboratories that use the TMC services. Laboratories that choose not to use these services should
2
ignore those portions of the test method that refer to the TMC. Information letters issued periodically
by the TMC may modify this test method. In addition the TMC may issue supplementary memoranda
related to the test method.
ASTM International policy is to encourage the development of test procedures based on generic
equipment. It is recognized that there are occasions where critical/sole-source equipment has been
approved by the technical committee (surveillance panel/task force) and is required by the test
procedure. The technical committee that oversees the test procedure is encouraged to clearly identify
if the part is considered critical in the test procedure. If a part is deemed to be critical, ASTM
encourages alternative suppliers to be given the opportunity for consideration of supplying the critical
part/component providing they meet the approval process set forth by the technical committee.
An alternative supplier can start the process by initiating contact with the technical committee
(current chairs shown on ASTM TMC website). The supplier should advise on the details of the part
that is intended to be supplied. The technical committee will review the request and determine
feasibility of an alternative supplier for the requested replacement critical part. In the event that a
replacement critical part has been identified and proven equivalent, the sole-source supplier footnote
shall be removed from the test procedure.
1. Scope*
1.1 The test method covers a heavy-duty engine test procedure under high output conditions to evaluate engine oil performance
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
D02.B0 on Automotive Lubricants.
Current edition approved April 1, 2021July 1, 2023. Published April 2021July 2023. Originally published in 2009. Last previous edition approved in 20192021 as
D7549 – 19.D7549 – 21. DOI: 10.1520/D7549-21.10.1520/D7549-23.
2
The ASTM Test Monitoring Center will update changes in this test method by means of Information Letters. This edition includes all information letters through No.
20-1.23-1. Information Letters may be obtained by from the ASTM Test Monitoring Center, 6555 Penn Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15206-4489, Attention: Administrator.203
Armstrong Drive, Freeport, PA 16229, Attention: Director.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D7549 − 23
with regard to piston deposit formation, piston ring sticking and oil consumption control in a combustion environment designed
3
to minimize exhaust emissions. This test method is commonly referred to as the Caterpillar C13 Heavy-Duty Engine Oil Test.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.2.1 Exceptions—Where there are no SI equivalent such as screw threads, National Pipe Treads (NPT), and tubing sizes.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, asso
...