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ASTM F645-04

(Guide)

Standard Guide for Selection, Design, and Installation of Thermoplastic Water-Pressure Piping Systems

Standard Guide for Selection, Design, and Installation of Thermoplastic Water-Pressure Piping Systems

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
The requirements of this specification are intended to provide information to select, design and install thermoplastic, water-pressure piping systems for use outside buildings. Materials covered in this specification are Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) and Polyethylene (PE) plastic pipe fittings.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide is intended for use in the selection, design, and installation of thermoplastic water systems for use outside buildings. For specific projects, a thorough review of this guide is recommended for the purpose of selecting specific materials, methods of joining, system design factor, and any special procedures deemed necessary to assure a satisfactory system.
1.2 It is recommended that governing codes and project specifications be consulted prior to the use of this guide. Nothing in this guide should be construed as recommending practices or systems at variance with governing codes and project specifications.
1.3 Units- The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. Values in parentheses are for informational purposes only. The values in each system may not be exact equivalents, therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values for the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard. The pipe, fittings, and joining materials shall meet the requirements of one or more of the following component product standards listed in 1.3.1 through 1.3.3 to the extent applicable. Those pipe standards followed by (a) are outside diameter-controlled pipes. Those followed by (b) are inside diameter-controlled pipes.
1.3.1 Pipes with wall thicknesses less than 1.50 mm (0.06 in.) are not recommended.
1.4 Other Joining Devices—Joining devices other than those covered by the listed standards may be selected by the user on the basis of his own engineering evaluation and service experience.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
30-Apr-2004
ICS
23.040.20 - Plastics pipes
Technical Committee
F17 - Plastic Piping Systems
Drafting Committee
F17.61 - Water
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM F645-02 - Standard Guide for Selection, Design, and Installation of Thermoplastic Water-Pressure Piping Systems
Effective Date
01-May-2004
Replaced By
ASTM F645-11 - Standard Guide for Selection, Design, and Installation of Thermoplastic Water- Pressure Piping Systems
Effective Date
01-Aug-2011
Referred By
ASTM F1668-16(2022) - Standard Guide for Construction Procedures for Buried Plastic Pipe
Effective Date
01-May-2004
Referred By
ASTM D2846/D2846M-19a - Standard Specification for Chlorinated Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (CPVC) Plastic Hot- and Cold-Water Distribution Systems
Effective Date
01-May-2004
Referred By
ASTM F412-23 - Standard Terminology Relating to Plastic Piping Systems
Effective Date
01-May-2004

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ASTM F645-04 - Standard Guide for Selection, Design, and Installation of Thermoplastic Water-Pressure Piping SystemsASTM F645-04 - Standard Guide for Selection, Design, and Installation of Thermoplastic Water-Pressure Piping Systems
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ASTM F645-04 - Standard Guide for Selection, Design, and Installation of Thermoplastic Water-Pressure Piping Systems
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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
An American National Standard
Designation: F645 – 04
Standard Guide for
Selection, Design, and Installation of Thermoplastic Water-
1
Pressure Piping Systems
ThisstandardisissuedunderthefixeddesignationF645;thenumberimmediatelyfollowingthedesignationindicatestheyearoforiginal
adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript
epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Plastic Pipe Fittings, Schedule D2466
40
1.1 This guide is intended for use in the selection, design,
Socket-Type Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Plastic Pipe D2467
and installation of thermoplastic water systems for use outside
Fittings, Schedule 80
Solvent Cements for Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Plastic Pipe D2564
buildings.Forspecificprojects,athoroughreviewofthisguide
is recommended for the purpose of selecting specific materials,
and Fittings
methods of joining, system design factor, and any special
Bell-End Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Pipe (a) D2672
Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Plastic Tubing (a) D2740
procedures deemed necessary to assure a satisfactory system.
Socket-Type Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Plastic Line D3036
1.2 It is recommended that governing codes and project
Couplings
specifications be consulted prior to the use of this guide. Joints for Plastic Pressure Pipes Using Flexible Elastomeric D3139
Seals
Nothing in this guide should be construed as recommending
Elastomeric Seals (Gaskets) for Joining Plastic Pipe F 477
practices or systems at variance with governing codes and
PVC and ABS Injected Solvent Cemented Plastic Pipe F 545
project specifications. Joints
1.3 Units- The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound
1.3.2 For polyethylene (PE) plastic piping components:
units are to be regarded separately as standard. Values in
parentheses are for informational purposes only. The values in
ASTM
each system may not be exact equivalents, therefore, each
Title of Specification Designation
Polyethylene (PE) Plastic Pipe, Schedule 40 (b) D2104
system shall be used independently of the other, Combining
Polyethylene (PE) Plastic Pipe, (SDR-PR) (b) D2239
valuesforthetwosystemsmayresultinnon-conformancewith
Polyethylene (PE) Plastic Pipe, Schedules 40 and 80, D2447
thestandard.Thepipe,fittings,andjoiningmaterialsshallmeet
Based on Outside Diameter (a)
Plastic Insert Fittings for Polyethylene (PE) Plastic Pipe D2609
the requirements of one or more of the following component
Socket-Type Polyethylene Fittings for Outside Diameter- D2683
product standards listed in 1.3.11.3.1 through 1.3.3 1.3.3to the
Controlled Polyethylene Pipe (a)
extent applicable. Those pipe standards followed by (a) are
Polyethylene (PE) Plastic Tubing (a) D2737
Polyethylene (PE) Plastic Pipe (SDR-PR) Based on D3035
outside diameter-controlled pipes. Those followed by (b) are
Controlled Outside Diameter (a)
inside diameter-controlled pipes.
Butt Heat Fusion Polyethylene (PE) Plastic Fittings for D3261
1.3.1 For poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) plastic piping compo-
Polyethylene (PE) Plastic Pipe and Tubing
nents:
1.3.3 For poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) and polyethylene (PE)
Plastic Piping Components Issued By the American Water
ASTM
Works Association:
Title of Specification Designation
Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Plastic Pipe, Schedules 40, 80 D1785
and 120 (a)
C900 Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Pressure Pipe,
Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Plastic Pipe (SDR-PR) (a) D2241
4-inch through 12-inch, for Water (a)
Threaded Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Plastic Pipe Fittings, D2464
C901 Polyethylene (PE) Pressure Pipe, Tubing
Schedule 80
1
and Fittings, ⁄2-inch through 3-inch, for Water
1.3.4 Pipes with wall thicknesses less than 1.50 mm (0.06
in.) are not recommended.
1
This guide is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee F17 on Plastic Piping
1.4 Other Joining Devices—Joining devices other than
Systems and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F17.61 on Water Systems.
those covered by the listed standards may be selected by the
Current edition approved May 1, 2004. Published June 2004. Originally
user on the basis of his own engineering evaluation and service
approved in 1980. Last previous edition approved in 2002 as F645 – 02. DOI:
10.1520/F0645-04. experience.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
F645 – 04
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the ANSI/NSF 14 for Plastic Piping Components and Related
6
safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the Materials
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- ANSI/NSF61 for Drinking Water Systems Components—
6
priate safety and health practices an
...

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This specification covers the physical requirements for tools used to squeeze-off polyethylene gas pipe and tubing. The squeeze bars shall be of a size and configuration that compresses the pipe walls to reduce the gas flow, but does not damage the pipe and may be configured as round (circular), flat with rounded edges, two round bars side by side, or any other configuration. The tool shall have the following requirements: mechanical, hydraulic, or pneumatic force mechanisms; resistance to damage or deformation; release protection; release rate; flow control; and grounding. It shall also have sufficient squeeze bar length and spacing to allow the maximum diameter pipe to be centered between the guides and mechanical stops to provide protection for over squeezing.
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1.1 This specification covers the physical requirements for tools used to squeeze-off polyethylene (PE) pipe and tubing. It is limited to squeeze-off procedures set forth by the pipe manufacturer as referred to in Specification D2513 for gas pressure pipe systems.  
1.2 Nothing in this specification shall be construed as recommending practices or systems at variances with governing codes and project specifications.  
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1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.5 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the test methods portions, Section 5 and Appendix X1 of this specification:  This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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1.1 This specification covers requirements and test methods for the characterization of polyamide 11 pipe, tubing, and fittings for use in fuel gas pipelines. The pipe and fittings covered by this specification are intended for use in the distribution and transmission of fuel gases.  
1.1.1 This specification does not cover threaded pipe. Generic fusion guidelines are given in Appendix X1. Design considerations are discussed in Appendix X2. In-plant quality control programs are specified in Annex A1.  
1.2 The text of this specification references notes, footnotes, and appendixes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the specification.
Note 1: Heat fusion joining of PA11 pipe and fittings meeting the requirements of this standard is limited to PA11 pipe and fittings meeting the requirements of this standard. Heat Fusion joining of PA11 pipe and fittings meeting the requirements of this standard is not allowed to pipes and fittings made from any other thermoplastic materials (for example, PA12, PEs, PVCs, etc.).  
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
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PA-11 Butt Fusion Fittings  
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ABSTRACT
This specification covers coextruded poly(vinyl chloride) plastic pipe with a cellular core and concentric inner and outer solid layers. The pipe is produced using a multilayer coextrusion die for nonpressure use in three series: an IPS Schedule 40 series; a PS series with an iron pipe size outside diameter with varying wall thickness as required for pipe stiffness of 25, 50, and 100; and a sewer and drain series. The pipe shall comply with the minimum wall thickness, outside diameter, length, stiffness, flattening, impact strength, bond strength, and extrusion quality requirements.
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1.1 This specification covers coextruded poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) plastic pipe with a cellular core and concentric inner and outer solid layers, and is produced using a multilayer coextrusion die for nonpressure use in three series: an IPS Schedule 40 series for DWV; a PS series with an iron pipe size (IPS) outside diameter with varying wall thickness as required for pipe stiffnesses of 25, 50, and 100 for communication conduit, and a sewer and drain series.  
1.2 The function of this specification is to provide standardization of product-technical data and serve as a purchasing guide.  
1.3 The text of this specification references notes, footnotes, and appendixes which provide explanatory material. The notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the specification.
Note 1: All the pipe series covered by this specification are permitted to be perforated or belled for joining by solvent cement or belled for joining by an elastomeric seal (gasket). Because this pipe is OD controlled, the inside diameter will vary, and therefore, the pipe ID is not suitable for use as a socket. (For more information see Specification D2672.)
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1.1 This specification covers coextruded acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) plastic drain, waste, and vent pipe made to Schedule 40 iron pipe sizes (IPS) and produced by the coextrusion process with concentric inner and outer solid ABS layers and the core consisting of closed-cell cellular ABS. Plastic which does not meet the material requirements specified in Section 5 is excluded from single layer and all coextruded layers.  
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ASTM D1598-23(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Time-to-Failure of Plastic Pipe Under Constant Internal Pressure

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The data obtained by this test method are useful for establishing stress versus failure time relationships in a controlled environment from which the hydrostatic design basis for plastic pipe materials can be computed. (Refer to Test Method D2837 and Practice D2992.)  
5.2 In order to determine how plastics will perform as pipe, it is necessary to establish the stress-failure time relationships for pipe over 2 or more logarithmic decades of time (hours) in a controlled environment. Because of the nature of the test and specimens employed, no single line can adequately represent the data, and therefore the confidence limits should be established.  
Note 2: Some materials may exhibit a nonlinear relationship between log-stress and log-failure time, usually at short failure times. In such cases, the 105-hour stress value computed on the basis of short-term test data may be significantly different than the value obtained when a distribution of data points in accordance with Test Method D2837 is evaluated. However, these data may still be useful for quality control or other applications, provided correlation with long-term data has been established.  
5.3 The factors that affect creep and long-term strength behavior of plastic pipe are not completely known at this time. This procedure takes into account those factors that are known to have important influences and provides a tool for investigating others.  
5.4 Creep, or nonrecoverable deformation for pipe made of some plastics, is as important as actual leakage in deciding whether or not a pipe has failed. Specimens that exhibit localized ballooning, however, may lead to erroneous interpretation of the creep results unless a method of determining creep is established that precludes such a possibility. Circumferential measurements at two or three selected positions on a specimen may not be adequate.  
5.5 Great care must be used to ensure that specimens are representative of the pipe under evaluation. Departure...
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the time-to-failure of both thermoplastic and reinforced thermosetting/resin pipe under constant internal pressure.  
1.2 This test method provides a method of characterizing plastics in the form of pipe under the conditions prescribed.  
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM F758-14(2023)(Specification)
Standard Specification for Smooth-Wall Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Plastic Underdrain Systems for Highway, Airport, and Similar Drainage

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the requirements for smooth-wall perforated and nonperforated poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) plastic pipe and couplings for use in subsurface drainage systems of highways, airports, and similar applications. Two classes (or pipe stiffness) are included and designated as PS 28 and PS 46. The pipe stiffness, impact resistance, pipe flattening, and solvent cement joint tightness shall be tested to meet the requirements prescribed.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the requirements for smooth-wall perforated and nonperforated poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) plastic pipe and couplings for use in subsurface drainage systems of highways, airports, and similar applications in nominal sizes of 4, 6, and 8 in. and in pipe stiffnesses (PS) that are designated as Type PS 28 and Type PS 46 in accordance with its minimum pipe stiffness.  
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1.5 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the test methods portion, Section 11, of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM F3203-19(2023)(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Determination of Gel Content of Crosslinked Polyethylene (PEX) Pipes and Tubing

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Many important properties of crosslinked ethylene plastics vary with the gel content. Hence, determination of the gel content provides a basis for controlling production processes and a means of establishing the quality of finished products.  
5.2 Extraction tests permit verification of the proper gel content of any given crosslinked ethylene plastic and they also permit comparison between different crosslinked ethylene plastics, including those containing fillers, provided that, for the latter, the following conditions are met:  
5.2.1 The filler is not soluble in the solvent used in this method at the extraction temperature.  
5.2.2 The amount of filler present in the compound either is known or can be determined.  
5.2.3 Sufficient crosslinking has been achieved to prevent migration of filler during the extraction. It has been found that, at gel content above 30 %, the solvent remains clear and free of filler.  
5.3 Since some oxidative degradation of the material and solvent may occur at the reflux temperature of the solvents, a suitable antioxidant is added to the solvent to inhibit such degradation.  
5.4 This test method is normally used for specimens consisting of an equal representation of the entire cross section of the product, but may also be used to examine specific portions of a product for differences in extent of cross-linking when compared to either a product standard or another sample.  
5.5 This test method is intended for testing crosslinked polyethylene compounds that are not hygroscopic. If compounds that are hygroscopic are tested using this method, specimen conditioning before and after extraction is required.  
5.6 This test method differs from Test Methods D2765, ISO 10147 and Test Method D7567 which also describe procedures for determining the gel content of crosslinked polyethylene. It allows for the use of naphthenic hydrocarbon blend, isoparaffin solvent, or light aromatic solvent naptha as alternatives to xylenes. Xylenes a...
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1.1 The gel content of pipe and tubing produced from crosslinked polyethylene plastics as described in Specification F876 and other pipe or tubing standards is determined by extracting with solvents such as xylenes. A test method for quantitative determination of gel content is described herein. The method is applicable to PEX pipe and tubing of all densities, including those containing fillers, and provides correction for the inert fillers present in some of those compounds.  
1.2 Continuous extraction (see definition in Section 3) is used in this method to test the gel content of crosslinked polyethylene specimens. Continuous extraction when used for testing gel content has the advantages of decreased cost of testing, increased accuracy and consistency of results, and decreased test time. This is because extraction with a pure solvent is more efficient than extraction with a partially saturated solvent.  
1.3 While extraction tests may be made on articles of any shape, this test method is applicable for determining the gel content of crosslinked polyethylene pipes and tubing.  
1.4 This test method makes use of xylenes or alternative solvents. Alternative solvents either have lower toxicity than xylenes or allow decreased extraction times. The alternative solvents are also potentially beneficial from an economic and environmental viewpoint. Xylenes are used for referee tests.  
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The inch-pound units in brackets are for information only.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standard...

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