ASTM D7437-08(2019)
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Temperature and Hard Water Stability of Engine Coolants
Standard Test Method for Temperature and Hard Water Stability of Engine Coolants
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 4.1 This test method provides information on the stability of the engine coolant concentrate when stored at elevated temperatures for two weeks. These test conditions might simulate the conditions that a product would be subjected to in transit and storage in warehouses before delivery to the customer.
4.2 This test method provides information on the stability of an engine coolant diluted with synthetic hard water at elevated temperatures. This test method provides a laboratory method to test the sensitivity of the engine coolant to hard water.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers a simple glassware-type procedure for evaluating the effects of temperature and hard water on the stability of engine coolants at elevated temperatures under controlled laboratory conditions.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D7437 − 08 (Reapproved 2019)
Standard Test Method for
Temperature and Hard Water Stability of Engine Coolants
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7437; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3. Summary of Test Method
1.1 This test method covers a simple glassware-type proce-
3.1 Asample engine coolant concentrate is kept at 60 °C in
dureforevaluatingtheeffectsoftemperatureandhardwateron
a controlled oven for 14 days and then cooled to room
the stability of engine coolants at elevated temperatures under
temperature and inspected. Synthetic hard water is then added
controlled laboratory conditions.
and the test solution is returned to an oven set at 90 °C for 14
days.At the end of this period, the test engine coolant solution
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
is removed, cooled, and inspected. The cooled sample is
standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are
centrifuged and any precipitate treated with methanol. The
provided for information only and are not considered standard.
volume of any precipitate left after the methanol wash is
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
decanted is recorded.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
4. Significance and Use
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 4.1 4.1 This test method provides information on the stabil-
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
ity of the engine coolant concentrate when stored at elevated
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard- temperatures for two weeks. These test conditions might
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
simulate the conditions that a product would be subjected to in
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom- transit and storage in warehouses before delivery to the
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
customer.
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
4.2 Thistestmethodprovidesinformationonthestabilityof
an engine coolant diluted with synthetic hard water at elevated
2. Referenced Documents
temperatures.Thistestmethodprovidesalaboratorymethodto
2.1 ASTM Standards:
test the sensitivity of the engine coolant to hard water.
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
D1176 Practice for Sampling and Preparing Aqueous Solu-
5. Apparatus
tions of Engine Coolants orAntirusts forTesting Purposes
5.1 Graduated Cylinder, of capacity 50 6 0.50 mL.
E288 Specification for Laboratory Glass Volumetric Flasks
2.2 British Standards:
5.2 Graduated Conical Centrifuge Tubes, of capacity 100
BS 5117-1.5:1992 Coolant Hard Water Stability Test
mL with stoppers.
BSI BS ISO 5725-2 Accuracy (Trueness and Precision) of
5.3 Forced Ventilation Oven, capable of being maintained at
Measurement Methods and Results–Part 2: Basic Method
temperatures of 60 6 2 °C and 90 6 2 °C.
for the Determination of Repeatability and Reproducibil-
ity of a Standard Measurement Method
5.4 Centrifuge—capable of generating a relative centrifugal
force of 900.
1 2
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D15 on Engine
Relative centrifugal force 5 ~v/1335! d (1)
Coolants and Related Fluids and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
D15.06 on Glassware Performance Tests. where:
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2019. Published October 2019. Originally
v = rotational velocity (r/min) and,
approved in 2008. Last previous edition approved in 2013 as D7437–08 (2013).
d = diamter(mm)betweentheendsofthecentrifugetubesat
DOI: 10.1520/D7437–08R19.
the point of maximum swing.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
5.5 Pipette, of capacity 20 6 0.50 mL.
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website.
5.6 Volumetric Balance, one-mark, 1000 mL (compliant
Available from British Standards Institution (BSI), 389 Chiswick High Rd.,
London W4 4AL, U.K., http://www.bsigroup.com. with Specification E288, Class B requirements).
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D7437 − 08 (2019)
6. Reagents and Materials 9.5 Inspect the cooled solution and note any gelation or
precipitation. Centrifuge the cooled solution, using a relative
6.1 Purity of Reagents—Reagent grade chemicals shall be
centrifugalforceof900,for15min.Carefullydecanttheliquor
used in all tests. Unless otherwise indicated, it is intended that
from any precipitate present at the bottom of the centrifuge
all reagents conform to the specification of the Committee on
tubes.
Analytical Reagents of the American Chemical Society where
such specifications are available. Other grades may be used, 9.6 Using the 20 mL pipette, add 20 mL of the methanol to
provided it is first ascertained that the reagent is of sufficiently the precipitate in the centrifuge tubes and shake vigorously
high purity to permit its use without lessening the accuracy of until the precipitate is dislodged to ensure thorough washing.
the determination. Recentrifuge for 15 min. Decant the methanol from any
precipitate present at the b
...
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D7437 − 08 (Reapproved 2019)
Standard Test Method for
Temperature and Hard Water Stability of Engine Coolants
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7437; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3. Summary of Test Method
1.1 This test method covers a simple glassware-type proce-
3.1 A sample engine coolant concentrate is kept at 60 °C in
dure for evaluating the effects of temperature and hard water on
a controlled oven for 14 days and then cooled to room
the stability of engine coolants at elevated temperatures under
temperature and inspected. Synthetic hard water is then added
controlled laboratory conditions.
and the test solution is returned to an oven set at 90 °C for 14
days. At the end of this period, the test engine coolant solution
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
is removed, cooled, and inspected. The cooled sample is
standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are
centrifuged and any precipitate treated with methanol. The
provided for information only and are not considered standard.
volume of any precipitate left after the methanol wash is
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
decanted is recorded.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
4. Significance and Use
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
4.1 4.1 This test method provides information on the stabil-
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor- ity of the engine coolant concentrate when stored at elevated
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
temperatures for two weeks. These test conditions might
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the simulate the conditions that a product would be subjected to in
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
transit and storage in warehouses before delivery to the
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical customer.
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
4.2 This test method provides information on the stability of
an engine coolant diluted with synthetic hard water at elevated
2. Referenced Documents
temperatures. This test method provides a laboratory method to
2.1 ASTM Standards:
test the sensitivity of the engine coolant to hard water.
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
D1176 Practice for Sampling and Preparing Aqueous Solu-
5. Apparatus
tions of Engine Coolants or Antirusts for Testing Purposes
5.1 Graduated Cylinder, of capacity 50 6 0.50 mL.
E288 Specification for Laboratory Glass Volumetric Flasks
2.2 British Standards:
5.2 Graduated Conical Centrifuge Tubes, of capacity 100
BS 5117-1.5:1992 Coolant Hard Water Stability Test
mL with stoppers.
BSI BS ISO 5725-2 Accuracy (Trueness and Precision) of
5.3 Forced Ventilation Oven, capable of being maintained at
Measurement Methods and Results–Part 2: Basic Method
temperatures of 60 6 2 °C and 90 6 2 °C.
for the Determination of Repeatability and Reproducibil-
ity of a Standard Measurement Method
5.4 Centrifuge—capable of generating a relative centrifugal
force of 900.
1 2
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D15 on Engine Relative centrifugal force5 v/1335 d (1)
~ !
Coolants and Related Fluids and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
where:
D15.06 on Glassware Performance Tests.
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2019. Published October 2019. Originally
v = rotational velocity (r/min) and,
approved in 2008. Last previous edition approved in 2013 as D7437–08 (2013).
d = diamter (mm) between the ends of the centrifuge tubes at
DOI: 10.1520/D7437–08R19.
the point of maximum swing.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
5.5 Pipette, of capacity 20 6 0.50 mL.
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website.
3 5.6 Volumetric Balance, one-mark, 1000 mL (compliant
Available from British Standards Institution (BSI), 389 Chiswick High Rd.,
London W4 4AL, U.K., http://www.bsigroup.com. with Specification E288, Class B requirements).
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D7437 − 08 (2019)
6. Reagents and Materials 9.5 Inspect the cooled solution and note any gelation or
precipitation. Centrifuge the cooled solution, using a relative
6.1 Purity of Reagents—Reagent grade chemicals shall be
centrifugal force of 900, for 15 min. Carefully decant the liquor
used in all tests. Unless otherwise indicated, it is intended that
from any precipitate present at the bottom of the centrifuge
all reagents conform to the specification of the Committee on
tubes.
Analytical Reagents of the American Chemical Society where
such specifications are available. Other grades may be used, 9.6 Using the 20 mL pipette, add 20 mL of the methanol to
provided it is first ascertained that the reagent is of sufficiently the precipitate in the centrifuge tubes and shake vigorously
high purity to permit its use without lessening the accuracy of until the precipitate is dislodged to ensure thorough washing.
the determination. Recentrifuge for 15 min. Decant the methanol from any
precipitate present at the bottom of the centrifuge tubes.
6.2 Purity of Water—Unless otherwise indicated, refe
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D7437 − 08 (Reapproved 2013) D7437 − 08 (Reapproved 2019)
Standard Test Method for
Temperature and Hard Water Stability of Engine Coolants
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7437; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers a simple glassware-type procedure for evaluating the effects of temperature and hard water on the
stability of engine coolants at elevated temperatures under controlled laboratory conditions.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
D1176 Practice for Sampling and Preparing Aqueous Solutions of Engine Coolants or Antirusts for Testing Purposes
E288 Specification for Laboratory Glass Volumetric Flasks
2.2 British Standards:
BS 5117-1.5:1992 Coolant Hard Water Stability Test
BSI BS ISO 5725-2 Accuracy (Trueness and Precision) of Measurement Methods and Results–Part 2: Basic Method for the
Determination of Repeatability and Reproducibility of a Standard Measurement Method
3. Summary of Test Method
3.1 A sample engine coolant concentrate is kept at 60°C60 °C in a controlled oven for 14 days and then cooled to room
temperature and inspected. Synthetic hard water is then added and the test solution is returned to an oven set at 90°C90 °C for 14
days. At the end of this period, the test engine coolant solution is removed, cooled, and inspected. The cooled sample is
cenrifugedcentrifuged and any precipitate treated with methanol. The volume of any precipitate left after the methanol wash is
decanted is recorded.
4. Significance and Use
4.1 4.1 This test method provides information on the stability of the engine coolant concentrate when stored at elevated
temperatures for two weeks. These test conditions might simulate the conditions that a product would be subjected to in transit
and storage in warehouses before delivery to the customer.
4.2 This test method provides information on the stability of an engine coolant diluted with synthetic hard water at elevated
temperatures. This test method provides a laboratory method to test the sensitivity of the engine coolant to hard water.
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D15 on Engine Coolants and Related Fluids and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D15.06 on
Glassware Performance Tests.
Current edition approved May 1, 2013Oct. 1, 2019. Published June 2013October 2019. Originally approved in 2008. Last previous edition approved in 20082013 as
D7437-08. –08 (2013). DOI: 10.1520/D7437-08R13.10.1520/D7437–08R19.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’sstandard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Orders for all Available from British Standards Institution (BSI) International and foreign standards publications should be addressed to Customer Services, telephone:
020-8996 9001 and fax: 020 8996 7001.(BSI), 389 Chiswick High Rd., London W4 4AL, U.K., http://www.bsigroup.com.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D7437 − 08 (2019)
5. Apparatus
5.1 Graduated Cylinder—Cylinder, of capacity 50 6 0.50 mL.
5.2 Graduated Conical Centrifuge Tubes, of capacity 100 mL with stoppers.
5.3 Forced Ventilation Oven, capable of being maintained at temperatures of 60 6 2°C2 °C and 90 6 2°C. 2 °C.
5.4 Centrifuge—capable of generating a relative centrifugal force of 900.
Relative centrifugal force 5 ~v/1335! d (1)
where:
v = rotational velocity (r/min) and,
d = diamter (mm) between the ends of the centrifuge tubes at the point of maximum swing.
5.5 Pipette, of capacity 20 6 0.50 mL.
5.6 Volumetric Balance, one-mark, 1000 mL (compliant with Specification E288, Class B requirements).
6. Reagents and Materials
6.1 Purity of Reagents—Reagent grade chemicals shall be used in all tests. Unless otherwise indicated, it is intended that all
reagents conform to the specification of the Committee on Analytical Reagents of the American Chemical Society where such
specifications are available. Other grades may be used, provided it is first ascertained that the reagent is of sufficiently high purity
to permit its use without lessening the accuracy of the determination.
6.2 Purity of Water—Unless otherwise indicated, references to water shall be understood to mean reagent water as defined by
Type IV of Specification D1193.
6.3 Synthetic Hard Water Stock Solution—Prepare a stock solution by dissolving 44.10 g of calcium chloride dehydrate (CaCl
2H O) in water in a 1000-mL 1000 mL one-mark volumetric flask and diluting to the mark with wate
...
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