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ASTM G188-05(2021)

(Specification)

Standard Specification for Leak Detector Solutions Intended for Use on Brasses and Other Copper Alloys

Standard Specification for Leak Detector Solutions Intended for Use on Brasses and Other Copper Alloys

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
6.1 Leak detector solutions may cause stress-corrosion cracking of different alloys. If a leak detector solution is found to cause stress-corrosion cracking in accordance with Test Method G186, it should not be used on brasses or other copper alloys. If a leak detector solution is found not to cause stress-corrosion cracking in accordance with Test Method G186, it may cause stress-corrosion cracking of copper or other alloys under unspecified conditions.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the requirements for leak detector solutions suitable for use in checking the leakage of valves, pipes, fittings, joints, and so forth of a pressurized gas system fabricated from brasses and other copper alloys.  
1.2 This specification deals with the stress-corrosion cracking aspect of leak detector solutions. The effectiveness, chemical, physical and mechanical properties of leak detector solutions are not within the scope of this specification.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and to determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

Status
Published
Publication Date
31-Jul-2021
ICS
77.120.30 - Copper and copper alloys
Technical Committee
G01 - Corrosion of Metals
Drafting Committee
G01.06 - Environmentally Assisted Cracking
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Refers
ASTM G186-05(2011) - Standard Test Method for Determining Whether Gas-Leak-Detector Fluid Solutions Can Cause Stress Corrosion Cracking of Brass Alloys
Effective Date
01-Mar-2011
Refers
ASTM G15-07 - Standard Terminology Relating to Corrosion and Corrosion Testing
Effective Date
01-Apr-2007
Refers
ASTM G15-06 - Standard Terminology Relating to Corrosion and Corrosion Testing
Effective Date
01-Jul-2006
Refers
ASTM G186-05 - Standard Test Method for Determining Whether Gas-Leak-Detector Fluid Solutions Can Cause Stress Corrosion Cracking of Brass Alloys
Effective Date
01-Jul-2005
Refers
ASTM G15-05 - Standard Terminology Relating to Corrosion and Corrosion Testing
Effective Date
15-Jun-2005
Refers
ASTM G15-04 - Standard Terminology Relating to Corrosion and Corrosion Testing
Effective Date
01-Jan-2004
Refers
ASTM G15-03a - Standard Terminology Relating to Corrosion and Corrosion Testing
Effective Date
10-Sep-2003
Refers
ASTM G15-03 - Standard Terminology Relating to Corrosion and Corrosion Testing
Effective Date
10-Jun-2003
Refers
ASTM G15-02 - Standard Terminology Relating to Corrosion and Corrosion Testing
Effective Date
10-Jun-2002

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ASTM G188-05(2021) - Standard Specification for Leak Detector Solutions Intended for Use on Brasses and Other Copper AlloysASTM G188-05(2021) - Standard Specification for Leak Detector Solutions Intended for Use on Brasses and Other Copper Alloys
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ASTM G188-05(2021) - Standard Specification for Leak Detector Solutions Intended for Use on Brasses and Other Copper Alloys
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: G188 −05 (Reapproved 2021)
Standard Specification for
Leak Detector Solutions Intended for Use on Brasses and
Other Copper Alloys
This standard is issued under the fixed designation G188; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
INTRODUCTION
This specification is intended for purchasing agents to use in purchase orders for leak detection
fluids (LDF). The primary purpose of the specification is to assign the responsibility for passing
Specification G186 to the manufacturers of these products. Previously the only corrosion related
specification for LDFs was an obsolete Military Specification that required that the LDF not exceed
acorrosionrateof100mpyinatotalimmersiontest.Theproblemofstresscorrosioncrackingofbrass
has shown up as a major cause of failures in compressed gas service of brass components resulting
from ammonia used to adjust the pH of LDFs. This specification will give the industrial gas industry
a means to prevent these failures in the future.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1.1 This specification covers the requirements for leak
detector solutions suitable for use in checking the leakage of E300 Practice for Sampling Industrial Chemicals
G15 Terminology Relating to Corrosion and Corrosion Test-
valves, pipes, fittings, joints, and so forth of a pressurized gas
system fabricated from brasses and other copper alloys. ing (Withdrawn 2010)
G186 Test Method for Determining Whether Gas-Leak-
1.2 This specification deals with the stress-corrosion crack-
Detector Fluid Solutions Can Cause Stress Corrosion
ing aspect of leak detector solutions. The effectiveness,
Cracking of Brass Alloys
chemical, physical and mechanical properties of leak detector
solutions are not within the scope of this specification.
3. Terminology
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3.1.1 Gas Leak Detector Solutions—Also known as leak
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
detection fluids, leak detector solutions, bubble solutions, and
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and to
soap solutions, designated in this standard as LDFs, are fluids
determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to
used to detect leaks in pressurized gas systems by the forma-
use.
tion of bubbles at the leak site.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
3.1.2 Other Definitions—For other definitions used in this
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
specification, refer to Terminology G15.
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom- 4. Performance Requirements
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
4.1 The leak detector solution shall not show stress-
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
corrosion cracking of copper alloy specimens as shown in Test
Method G186.
1 2
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee G01 on For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Corrosion of Metals and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee G01.06 on contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Environmentally Assisted Cracking. Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Current edition approved Aug. 1, 2021. Published August 2021. Originally the ASTM website.
approved in
...

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4.1 This test environment is believed to give an accelerated ranking of the relative or absolute degree of stress-corrosion cracking susceptibility for different brasses. It has been found to correlate well with the corresponding service ranking in environments that cause stress-corrosion cracking which is thought to be due to the combined presence of traces of moisture and ammonia vapor. The extent to which the accelerated ranking correlates with the ranking obtained after long-term exposure to environments containing corrodents other than ammonia is not at present known. Examples of such environments may be severe marine atmospheres (Cl−), severe industrial atmospheres (predominantly SO2), and super-heated ammonia-free steam.  
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SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the preparation and use of Mattsson’s solution of pH 7.2 as an accelerated stress-corrosion cracking test environment for brasses (copper-zinc base alloys). The variables (to the extent that these are known at present) that require control are described together with possible means for controlling and standardizing these variables.  
1.2 This practice is recommended only for brasses (copper-zinc base alloys). The use of this test environment is not recommended for other copper alloys since the results may be erroneous, providing completely misleading rankings. This is particularly true of alloys containing aluminum or nickel as deliberate alloying additions.  
1.3 This practice is intended primarily where the test objective is to determine the relative stress-corrosion cracking susceptibility of different brasses under the same or different stress conditions or to determine the absolute degree of stress corrosion cracking susceptibility, if any, of a particular brass or brass component under one or more specific stress conditions. Other legitimate test objectives for which this test solution may be used do, of course, exist. The tensile stresses present may be known or unknown, applied or residual. The practice may be applied to wrought brass products or components, brass castings, brass weldments, and so forth, and to all brasses. Strict environmental test conditions are stipulated for maximum assurance that apparent variations in stress-corrosion susceptibility are attributable to real variations in the material being tested or in the tensile stress level and not to environmental variations.  
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SCOPE
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SCOPE
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Spectrophotometric Method
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5.1 This test method is an accelerated test for detecting the presence of residual (internal) stresses that might result in failure of individual parts in storage or in service due to stress corrosion cracking.  
5.2 This test method is not intended for use on assemblies or parts under applied stress. If used for that purpose, the results shall be for information only and not a cause for rejection of the assembly, its component parts, or the original mill product.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method describes the technique for conducting the mercurous nitrate test for residual stresses in wrought copper alloy mill products.
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Note 2: Test Method B858 may be considered as a possible alternative test method which does not involve the use of mercury.
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This specification establishes the requirements for copper-beryllium alloy forgings and extrusions. The following alloys are specified: UNS No. C17500 and C17510. The material of manufacture should be a cast billet conforming to the chemical composition requirements for the alloy specified. The product shall be manufactured by hot working or extrusion, solution heat-treating, precipitation hardening, and straightening. The material shall conform to the chemical composition for the alloy specified. The material shall conform to the electrical conductivity requirements specified. Hardness test and tensile test shall be made to conform to the requirements specified.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification establishes the requirements for copper-beryllium alloy forgings and extrusions. The following alloys are specified:    
Copper Alloy
UNS No.  
Nominal Composition, %    
Beryllium  
Cobalt  
Nickel  
C17500  
0.50  
2.6  
...  
C17510  
0.40  
...  
1.8  
C17540  
0.50  
1.5  
1.5  
1.2 Units—The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.3 The following safety hazard caveat pertains to Sections 10 and 11 of this specification: This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM G37-98(2021)(Practice)
Standard Practice for Use of Mattsson's Solution of pH 7.2 to Evaluate the Stress-Corrosion Cracking Susceptibility of Copper-Zinc Alloys

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This test environment is believed to give an accelerated ranking of the relative or absolute degree of stress-corrosion cracking susceptibility for different brasses. It has been found to correlate well with the corresponding service ranking in environments that cause stress-corrosion cracking which is thought to be due to the combined presence of traces of moisture and ammonia vapor. The extent to which the accelerated ranking correlates with the ranking obtained after long-term exposure to environments containing corrodents other than ammonia is not at present known. Examples of such environments may be severe marine atmospheres (Cl−), severe industrial atmospheres (predominantly SO2), and super-heated ammonia-free steam.  
4.2 It is not possible at present to specify any particular time to failure (defined on the basis of any particular failure criteria) in pH 7.2 Mattsson’s solution that corresponds to a distinction between acceptable and unacceptable stress-corrosion behavior in brass alloys. Such particular correlations must be determined individually.  
4.3 Mattsson's solution of pH 7.2 may also cause stress independent general and intergranular corrosion of brasses to some extent. This leads to the possibility of confusing stress-corrosion failures with mechanical failures induced by corrosion-reduced net cross sections. This danger is particularly great with small cross section specimens, high applied stress levels, long exposure periods and stress-corrosion resistant alloys. Careful metallographic examination is recommended for correct diagnosis of the cause of failure. Alternatively, unstressed control specimens may be exposed to evaluate the extent to which stress independent corrosion degrades mechanical properties.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers the preparation and use of Mattsson’s solution of pH 7.2 as an accelerated stress-corrosion cracking test environment for brasses (copper-zinc base alloys). The variables (to the extent that these are known at present) that require control are described together with possible means for controlling and standardizing these variables.  
1.2 This practice is recommended only for brasses (copper-zinc base alloys). The use of this test environment is not recommended for other copper alloys since the results may be erroneous, providing completely misleading rankings. This is particularly true of alloys containing aluminum or nickel as deliberate alloying additions.  
1.3 This practice is intended primarily where the test objective is to determine the relative stress-corrosion cracking susceptibility of different brasses under the same or different stress conditions or to determine the absolute degree of stress corrosion cracking susceptibility, if any, of a particular brass or brass component under one or more specific stress conditions. Other legitimate test objectives for which this test solution may be used do, of course, exist. The tensile stresses present may be known or unknown, applied or residual. The practice may be applied to wrought brass products or components, brass castings, brass weldments, and so forth, and to all brasses. Strict environmental test conditions are stipulated for maximum assurance that apparent variations in stress-corrosion susceptibility are attributable to real variations in the material being tested or in the tensile stress level and not to environmental variations.  
1.4 This practice relates solely to the preparation and control of the test environment. No attempt is made to recommend surface preparation or finish, or both, as this may vary with the test objectives. Similarly, no attempt is made to recommend particular stress-corrosion test specimen configurations or methods of applying the stress. Test specimen configurations that may be used are referenced in Practice G30 and STP 425.2  
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included ...

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