ASTM D1146-00(2018)
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Blocking Point of Potentially Adhesive Layers
Standard Test Method for Blocking Point of Potentially Adhesive Layers
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Since some potentially adhesive materials are both thermoplastic and hygroscopic, this test method provides means for estimating, on the same material, both thermoplastic and hygroscopic blocking. Because some requirements are more strict than others, two varying degrees of blocking are recognized and defined: (1) First degree blocking, and (2) Second degree blocking. Two types of blocking are covered: (1) Cohesive blocking, and (2) Adhesive blocking.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the blocking point of a thermoplastic or a hygroscopic layer or coating of potentially adhesive material. Potentially adhesive materials comprise those materials in a substantially nonadhesive state which may be activated to an adhesive state by application of heat or solvents.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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Designation: D1146 − 00 (Reapproved 2018)
Standard Test Method for
Blocking Point of Potentially Adhesive Layers
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1146; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope 3.2.2 blocking, n—the adhesion between touching layers of
similar or dissimilar material, such as occurs under moderate
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the block-
pressures during storage or use.
ing point of a thermoplastic or a hygroscopic layer or coating
of potentially adhesive material. Potentially adhesive materials 3.2.3 cohesive blocking, n—the blocking of two similar,
potentially adhesive faces.
comprise those materials in a substantially nonadhesive state
which may be activated to an adhesive state by application of
3.2.4 critical humidity, n—the lowest humidity at which
heat or solvents.
blocking of a given degree occurs.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
3.2.5 critical temperature, n—the lowest temperature at
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
which blocking of a given degree occurs.
only.
3.2.6 first degree blocking, n—an adherence between the
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
surfaces under test of such degree that when the upper
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
specimen is lifted the lower specimen will cling thereto, but
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
may be parted with no evidence of damage to either surface.
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
3.2.7 second degree blocking, n—an adherence of such
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
degreethatwhenthesurfacesundertestsarepartedonesurface
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
or the other will be found to be damaged.
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
NOTE 1—It is permissible to designate such other degrees of blocking
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
as may be agreed upon between the manufacturer and the purchaser of the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
adhesive.
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
4. Significance and Use
2. Referenced Documents
4.1 Since some potentially adhesive materials are both
thermoplastic and hygroscopic, this test method provides
2.1 ASTM Standards:
means for estimating, on the same material, both thermoplastic
D907 Terminology of Adhesives
and hygroscopic blocking. Because some requirements are
3. Terminology
more strict than others, two varying degrees of blocking are
recognized and defined: (1) First degree blocking, and (2)
3.1 Definitions—Many terms in this test method are defined
Second degree blocking. Two types of blocking are covered:
in Terminology D907.
(1) Cohesive blocking, and (2) Adhesive blocking.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.2.1 adhesive blocking, n—the blocking of a potentially
5. Apparatus and Materials
adhesive face and a standard test paper.
5.1 Constant-Temperature Oven, capable of maintaining
temperaturesupto85 61°C(185 62°F),andofsufficientsize
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D14 on
to hold one or more desiccators of the type described in 5.2.
Adhesives and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D14.10 on Working
Properties.
5.2 Desiccators, for use as humidity chambers, with a
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2018. Published XXXX XXXX. Originally
minimum diameter of 150 mm (6 in.). The desiccators are
approved in 1951. Last previous edition approved in 2013 as D1146 – 00 (2013).
made of glass, with ground flanges and fitting covers. Ground
DOI: 10.1520/D1146-00RXX.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or edges are clean and well lubricated with stopcock grease.
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
5.3 Weights, of 0.45 kg (1 lb) each, having a flat base 645
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
2 2
the ASTM website. mm (1 in. ) in area.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D1146 − 00 (2018)
5.4 Glass Plates, of plate glass, measuring 38 by 38 mm place on a glass plate.Align the test specimens, standard paper,
1 1
(1 ⁄2 by 1 ⁄2 in.). and glass plate, so that the edges are flush. Place a 0.45-kg
(1-lb) weight (5.3) on top of the aligned specimens, in the
5.5 Standard Paper—General usage filter paper cut in by 38
center of the 38-mm (1 ⁄2-in.) square area.
1 1
by 38-mm (1 ⁄2 by 1 ⁄2-in.) squares.
9.2 Make triplicate assemblies for each of the following
NOTE 2—In cases where standard paper is deemed inadequate, a
types of test:
different paper, or material other than paper, may be substituted by
9.2.1 Cohesive Blocking: (1) Thermoplastic (2) Hygro-
agreement between the manufacturer and the purchaser of the adhesive.
scopic.
6. Materials
9.2.2 Adhesive Blocking: (1) Thermoplastic (2) Hygro-
scopic.
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D1146 − 00 (Reapproved 2013) D1146 − 00 (Reapproved 2018)
Standard Test Method for
Blocking Point of Potentially Adhesive Layers
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1146; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the blocking point of a thermoplastic or a hygroscopic layer or coating of
potentially adhesive material. Potentially adhesive materials comprise those materials in a substantially nonadhesive state which
may be activated to an adhesive state by application of heat or solvents.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D907 Terminology of Adhesives
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions—Many terms in this test method are defined in Terminology D907.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.2.1 adhesive blocking, n—the blocking of a potentially adhesive face and a standard test paper.
3.2.2 blocking, n—the adhesion between touching layers of similar or dissimilar material, such as occurs under moderate
pressures during storage or use.
3.2.3 cohesive blocking, n—the blocking of two similar, potentially adhesive faces.
3.2.4 critical humidity, n—the lowest humidity at which blocking of a given degree occurs.
3.2.5 critical temperature, n—the lowest temperature at which blocking of a given degree occurs.
3.2.6 first degree blocking, n—an adherence between the surfaces under test of such degree that when the upper specimen is
lifted the lower specimen will cling thereto, but may be parted with no evidence of damage to either surface.
3.2.7 second degree blocking, n—an adherence of such degree that when the surfaces under tests are parted one surface or the
other will be found to be damaged.
NOTE 1—It is permissible to designate such other degrees of blocking as may be agreed upon between the manufacturer and the purchaser of the
adhesive.
4. Significance and Use
4.1 Since some potentially adhesive materials are both thermoplastic and hygroscopic, this test method provides means for
estimating, on the same material, both thermoplastic and hygroscopic blocking. Because some requirements are more strict than
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D14 on Adhesives and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D14.10 on Working Properties.
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2013. Published October 2013XXXX XXXX. Originally approved in 1951. Last previous edition approved in 20072013 as D1146 – 00
(2007).(2013). DOI: 10.1520/D1146-00R13.10.1520/D1146-00RXX.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’sstandard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D1146 − 00 (2018)
others, two varying degrees of blocking are recognized and defined: (1) First degree blocking, and (2) Second degree blocking.
Two types of blocking are covered: (1) Cohesive blocking, and (2) Adhesive blocking.
5. Apparatus and Materials
5.1 Constant-Temperature Oven, capable of maintaining temperatures up to 85 6 1°C (185 6 2°F), and of sufficient size to hold
one or more desiccators of the type described in 5.2.
5.2 Desiccators, for use as humidity chambers, with a minimum diameter of 150 mm (6 in.). The desiccators are made of glass,
with ground flanges and fitting covers. Ground edges are clean and well lubricated with stopcock grease.
2 2
5.3 Weights, of 0.45 kg (1 lb) each, having a flat base 645 mm (1 in. ) in area.
1 1
5.4 Glass Plates, of plate glass, measuring 38 by 38 mm (1 ⁄2 by 1 ⁄2 in.).
1 1
5.5 Standard Paper—General usage filter paper cut in by 38 by 38-mm (1 ⁄2 by 1 ⁄2-in.) squares.
D1146 − 00 (2018)
NOTE 2—In cases where standard paper is deemed inadequate, a different paper, or material other than paper, may be substituted by agreement between
the manufacturer and the purchaser of the adhesive.
6. Materials
6.1 Various Salts, for maintaining constant humidity conditions within the desiccators, as follows:
6.1.1 Anhydrous calcium chloride (CaCl ), for low humidity, and
6.1.2 The following salts, employed in saturate
...
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