ASTM E1399/E1399M-97(2022)
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Cyclic Movement and Measuring the Minimum and Maximum Joint Widths of Architectural Joint Systems
Standard Test Method for Cyclic Movement and Measuring the Minimum and Maximum Joint Widths of Architectural Joint Systems
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 Types of architectural joint systems included in this test method are the following:
4.1.1 Metallic systems;
4.1.2 Compression seals:
4.1.2.1 With frames, and
4.1.2.2 Without frames,
4.1.3 Strip seals;
4.1.4 Preformed sealant systems (see Appendix X1):
4.1.4.1 With frames, and
4.1.4.2 Without frames,
4.1.5 Preformed foams and sponges:
4.1.5.1 Self-Expanding, and
4.1.5.2 Nonexpanding,
4.1.6 Fire barriers:
4.1.6.1 Used as joint systems, and
4.1.6.2 Used as a part of the joint system, and
4.1.7 Elastomeric membrane systems:
4.1.7.1 With nosing material(s), and
4.1.7.2 Without nosing material(s).
4.2 This test method will assist users, producers, building officials, code authorities, and others in verifying some performance characteristics of representative specimens of architectural joint systems under common test conditions. The following performance characteristics are verifiable:
4.2.1 The maximum joint width,
4.2.2 The minimum joint width, and
4.2.3 The movement capability.
4.3 This test compares similar architectural joint systems by cycling but does not accurately reflect the system's application. Similar refers to the same type of architectural system within the same subsection under 4.1.
4.4 This test method does not provide information on:
4.4.1 Durability of the architectural joint system under actual service conditions, including the effects of cycled temperature on the joint system,
4.4.2 Loading capability of the system and the effects of a load on the functional parameters established by this test method,
4.4.3 Rotational, vertical, and horizontal shear capabilities of the specimen,
4.4.4 Any other attributes of the specimen, such as fire resistance, wear resistance, chemical resistance, air infiltration, watertightness, and so forth, and
4.4.5 Testing or compatibility of substrates.
4.5 This test method is only to be used as one element in the selection of an architectural j...
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers testing procedures for architectural joint systems. This test method is intended for the following uses for architectural joint systems:
1.1.1 To verify movement capability information supplied to the user by the producer,
1.1.2 To standardize comparison of movement capability by relating it to specified nominal joint widths,
1.1.3 To determine the cyclic movement capability between specified minimum and maximum joint widths without visual deleterious effects, and
1.1.4 To provide the user with graphic information, drawings or pictures in the test report, depicting them at minimum, maximum, and nominal joint widths during cycling.
1.2 This test method is intended to be used only as part of a specification or acceptance criterion due to the limited movements tested.
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: E1399/E1399M − 97 (Reapproved 2022)
Standard Test Method for
Cyclic Movement and Measuring the Minimum and
Maximum Joint Widths of Architectural Joint Systems
ThisstandardisissuedunderthefixeddesignationE1399/E1399M;thenumberimmediatelyfollowingthedesignationindicatestheyear
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1.1 This test method covers testing procedures for architec-
tural joint systems. This test method is intended for the C719 Test Method for Adhesion and Cohesion of Elasto-
meric Joint Sealants Under Cyclic Movement (Hockman
following uses for architectural joint systems:
Cycle)
1.1.1 To verify movement capability information supplied
C794 TestMethodforAdhesion-in-PeelofElastomericJoint
to the user by the producer,
Sealants
1.1.2 To standardize comparison of movement capability by
C962 Standards Guide for Use of Elastomeric Joint Sealants
relating it to specified nominal joint widths,
(Withdrawn 1992)
1.1.3 To determine the cyclic movement capability between
D1079 Terminology Relating to Roofing and Waterproofing
specified minimum and maximum joint widths without visual
E577 Guide for Dimensional Coordination of Rectilinear
deleterious effects, and
Building Parts and Systems (Withdrawn 2011)
1.1.4 To provide the user with graphic information, draw-
E631 Terminology of Building Constructions
ings or pictures in the test report, depicting them at minimum,
IEEE/ASTM SI 10 Standard for Use of the International
maximum, and nominal joint widths during cycling.
System of Units (SI): The Modern Metric System
1.2 This test method is intended to be used only as part of a
specification or acceptance criterion due to the limited move-
3. Terminology
ments tested.
3.1 Defintions—Terms defined in Terminology E631 will
1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
prevail for terms not defined in this test method.
are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to
3.2.1 architectural joint system—any filler or cover, except
ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be
poured or formed in place sealants, used to span, cover, fill, or
used independently of the other, and values from the two
seal a joint.
systems shall not be combined.
3.2.1.1 Discussion—Joint is defined in Guide E577.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
3.2.2 compression seal—an elastomeric extrusion, having
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
an internal baffle system produced continuously and longitu-
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
dinally throughout the material having side walls without
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
horizontal edge flaps.
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
3.2.3 cyclic movement—the periodic change between the
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-
widestandnarrowestjointwidthsinanautomaticallymechani-
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
cally controlled system.
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom- 3.2.4 elastomeric membrane systems—an elastomeric extru-
sion being either a baffled, single, or multi-layered system
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. incorporating horizontal edge flaps normally used with a
nosing material.
1 2
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E06 on For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Performance of Buildings and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E06.21 contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
on Serviceability. Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2022. Published October 2022. Originally the ASTM website.
approved in 1991. Last previous edition approved in 2017 as E1399/ The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
E1399M – 97 (2017). DOI: 10.1520/E1399_E1399M-97R22. www.astm.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
E1399/E1399M − 97 (2022)
3.2.5 fire barriers—any material or material combination, tural joint systems under common test conditions. The follow-
when fire tested after cycling, designated to resist the passage ing performance characteristics are verifiable:
of flame and hot gases through a movement joint. 4.2.1 The maximum joint width,
4.2.2 The minimum joint width, and
3.2.6 maximum joint width—the widest linear gap an archi-
4.2.3 The movement capability.
tectural joint system tolerates and performs its designed
function without damaging its functional capabilities.
4.3 This test compares similar architectural joint systems by
cyclingbutdoesnotaccuratelyreflectthesystem’sapplication.
3.2.7 metallic systems—one or more metal components
Similar refers to the same type of architectural system within
integrated to perform the specific function of sealing or
the same subsection under 4.1.
bridging a joint, or both.
4.4 This test method does not provide information on:
3.2.8 minimum joint width—the narrowest linear gap an
4.4.1 Durability of the architectural joint system under
architectural joint system tolerates and performs its designed
actual service conditions, including the effects of cycled
function without damaging its functional capabilities.
temperature on the joint system,
3.2.9 movement capability—the value obtained from the
4.4.2 Loading capability of the system and the effects of a
difference between the widest and narrowest widths of a joint
load on the functional parameters established by this test
opening typically expressed in numerical values (mm or in.) or
method,
a percentage of the nominal value of the joint width.
4.4.3 Rotational, vertical, and horizontal shear capabilities
3.2.9.1 Discussion—Nominal value is defined in IEEE/
of the specimen,
ASTM SI 10.
4.4.4 Any other attributes of the specimen, such as fire
3.2.10 preformed foam and sponges—a porous elastomeric
resistance, wear resistance, chemical resistance, air infiltration,
open or closed cell material capable of being compressed and
watertightness, and so forth, and
recovering once the compressive force is removed.
4.4.5 Testing or compatibility of substrates.
3.2.11 preformed sealant system—a device composed of a
4.5 This test method is only to be used as one element in the
previously shaped or molded mixture of polymers, fillers, and
selection of an architectural joint system for a particular
pigments used to fill and seal joints where moderate movement
application. It is not intended as an independent pass/fail
is expected; unlike caulking, it cures to a resilient solid (see
acceptance procedure. In conjunction with this test method,
Appendix X1).
other test methods are to be used to evaluate the importance of
3.2.11.1 Discussion—Sealant is defined in Terminology
other service conditions such as durability, structural loading,
D1079.
and compatibility.
3.2.12 strip seal—a single or multi-layered elastomeric
5. Apparatus
extrusion, not having an internal baffle system produced
continuously and longitudinally throughout the material, used
5.1 Testing Machine, capable of attaining specified maxi-
in conjunction with a compatible frame(s).
mum and minimum joint widths.
5.2 Measuring Device, capable of an accuracy of 0.25 mm
4. Significance and Use
6 0.013 mm [0.010 in. 6 0.005 in.].
4.1 Types of architectural joint systems included in this test
5.3 Cyclic Device, capable of continual repetitious move-
method are the following:
ment between two specified dimensions, equipped with an
4.1.1 Metallic systems;
automatic counter which records movement of the joint during
4.1.2 Compression seals:
the test.
4.1.2.1 With frames, and
5.4 Mounting Plates, or other apparatus suitable to install
4.1.2.2 Without frames,
the specimen and undergo the test procedures.
4.1.3 Strip seals;
4.1.4 Preformed sealant systems (see Appendix X1):
6. Safety Hazards
4.1.4.1 With frames, and
4.1.4.2 Without frames, 6.1 Warning—Take proper precautions to protect the ob-
serversintheeventofanyfailure.Ifextremepressuresdevelop
4.1.5 Preformed foams and sponges:
4.1.5.1 Self-Expanding, and during this test, considerable energy and hazard are involved.
Incasesoffailure,thehazardtopersonnelislessifaprotective
4.1.5.2 Nonexpanding,
4.1.6 Fire barriers: shield is used and protective eye wear worn. Do not permit
personnel between the shield and equipment during the test
4.1.6.1 Used as joint systems, and
4.1.6.2 Used as a part of the joint system, and procedure.
4.1.7 Elastomeric membrane systems:
7. Sampling
4.1.7.1 With nosing material(s), and
4.1.7.2 Without nosing material(s).
7.1 A lot of material consists of the quantity for each cross
section agreed upon by the user and the producer. Sample each
4.2 This test method will assist users, producers, building
lot.
officials, code authorities, and others in verifying some perfor-
mance characteristics of representative specimens of architec- 7.2 Obtain samples by one of the following methods:
E1399/E1399M − 97 (2022)
TABLE 1 Cycling Requirements
7.2.1 Samples provided by the producer, or
7.2.2 Samples taken at random from each shipment. Minimum
Class Movement Number of Cycling Rates (cpm)
7.3 A sample constitutes a minimum length as required to
Cycles
perform the tests, but not less than 914.4 mm [36.00 in.].
I Thermal 500 less than or equal to 1
II Wind Sway 500 greater than or equal to 10
7.4 Producer specifies the following in mm [in.]:
III Seismic 100 greater than or equal to 30
7.4.1 Nominal joint width, 100 greater than or equal to 30
IV Combined followed by
7.4.2 Minimum joint width,
400 greater than or equal to 10
7.4.3 Maximum joint width, and
7.4.4 Movement capability.
8. Test Specimens
9.2 Verifying Cyclic Movement:
8.1 Cut the sample into nine specimens with a minimum
9.2.1 Standard machine speeds are 1 r/m, 10 r/m, and 30
length as required to perform the tests, but not less than 101.6
r/min.
mm [4.00 in.].
9.2.2 The maximum time duration of the specimen at rest
8.1.1 Condition the specimens according to the producer’s
during cyclic movement is 4 s.
instructions. If applicable, the producer will designate attach-
9.2.3 Follow procedures in 9.1.1 and 9.1.2.
ment procedures, and:
9.2.4 According to the producer’s instructions, while main-
8.1.1.1 Substrate material(s), or
taining parallelism and the nominal joint width, secure the
8.1.1.2 Frame material(s).
specimen in the cyclic device.
9.2.5 Maintaining parallelism, cycle the specimen until the
8.2 Maintain laboratory at a temperature of 23 °C 6 2°C
numberofcyclesrequiredforthespecifiedclassinTable1(see
[73 °F 6 3 °F].
Appendix X3) are recorded on the counter or until a failure is
9. Procedure
noted. Repeat 9.2.3 – 9.2.6 for two other specimens. Fire
barriers are not required to have multiple samples tested if this
9.1 Verifying Minimum and Maximum Joint Widths
test method is used to fatigue the test specimen before fire
9.1.1 According to the producer’s instructions, attach one
testing it.
specimen to the mounting plates forming a parallel joint.
9.2.6 Specimen failure is indicated by the inability to cycle
9.1.2 Set the distance between the mounting plates equal to
between the designated joint widths or the appearance of a
the nominal joint width.
condition that in the judgment of the laboratory will affect the
9.1.3 Secure the specimen in the testing machine, according
performance of the test specimen (see Appendix X2.2).
to the producer’s instructions, while maintaining parallelism
9.2.7 Record the number of cycles at which the test was
and the specified nominal joint width.
terminated.
9.1.4 Maintaining parallelism, verify both the minimum
9.2.8 Describefailedspecimensindetailusingphotographs,
joint width and the maximum joint width.
if necessary, to clarify the description.
9.1.4.1 Verify the minimum joint width by closing the
specimen in the testing machine until the producer specified
10. Calculation
minimum joint width is attained, or a failure (see Appendix
X2) is noted in the architectural joint system. Repeat 9.1.1 – 10.1 Ascertain the minimum joint width by using 10.1.1 or
10.1.2, as applicable.
9.1.4 for two other specimens. Fire barriers are not required to
have multiple samples tested if this test method is used to 10.1.1 If the test specimens meet the criteria in 7.4.2,
express that value.
fatigue the test specimen before fire testing it.
9.1.4.2 Verify the maximum joint width by expanding the 10.1.2 If any test specimen does not meet the criteria in
7.4.2, average the recorded measurements in 9.1.6 and express
specimen in the testing machine until the producer specified
minimum joint is attained, or a failure is noted in the that value.
architectural joint system. Repeat 9.1.1 – 9.1.4 for two other
10.2 Ascertain the maximum joint width by using 10.2.1 or
specimens. Fire barriers are not required to have multiple
10.2.2, as applicable.
samples tested if this test method is used to fatigue the test
10.2.1 If the test specimens meet the criteria in 7.4.3,
specimen before fire testing it.
express that value.
9.1.5 Specimen failure is indicated by the inability to meet
10.2.2 If any test specimen does not meet the criteria in
the minimum or maximum joint width criteria that is specified
7.4.3, average the recorded measurements in 9.2.6 and express
in 7.4 or the appearance of a condition that in the judgement of
that value.
the laboratory will affect the performance of the test specimen
10.3 Ascertain the movement capability by using 10.3.1 or
(see Appendix X2.2).
10.3.2, as applicable.
9.1.6 Record the specified dimension in 9.1 being verified
10.3.1 If the test specimens meet the criteria in 7.4.4,
and all data to the nearest 0.10 mm [0.004 in.] at which the test
express that value.
was terminated.
10.3.2 If any test specimen does not meet the criteria in
9.1.7 Describefailedspecimensindetailusingphotographs,
7.4.4, calculate the movement capability, using the equation:
if necessary, to clarify the descriptions.
9.1.8 Note fai
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