ASTM C831-18

Standard Test Methods for Residual Carbon, Apparent Residual Carbon, and Apparent Carbon Yield in Coked Carbon-Containing Brick and Shapes

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 These test methods are designed for use with carbon-containing products. The residual carbon content of a coked carbon-containing brick or shape is an indication of how much carbon may be available, in service, to resist slag attack on, or oxidation loss of, that body. Apparent carbon yield gives an estimate of the relative efficiency of the total carbonaceous matter to be retained as residual carbon.  
3.2 Residual carbon has a direct bearing on several properties of a pitch or resin-containing refractory, such as ignited porosity, density, strength, and thermal conductivity.  
3.3 These test methods are suitable for product development, manufacturing control, and specification acceptance.  
3.4 These test methods are very sensitive to specimen size, coking rates, etc.; therefore, strict compliance with these test methods is critical.  
3.5 Appreciable amounts of reducible components, such as Fe2O3, will have a noticeable effect on the results. Thus, values obtained by these test methods will be different when brick removed from service is tested. This must be kept in mind when attempting to use these test methods in an absolute sense.  
3.6 Oxidizable components such as metals and carbides can have a noticeable effect on the results. This must be kept in mind when using the second procedure, which is based on measuring weight loss after igniting the coked specimens.  
3.7 Testing of brick or shapes that contain magnesium metal presents special problems since this metal is highly volatile and substantial amounts of the magnesium can be lost from the sample during the coking procedure. This must be kept in mind when interpreting the results of testing of brick that contains magnesium. In addition, magnesium can react readily with atmospheric humidity. This must be kept in mind when storing brick that contains magnesium.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover the determination of residual carbon content in carbon-bearing brick and shapes after a prescribed coking treatment. They provide two procedures. The first procedure is based on the combustion of carbon and its measurement as carbon dioxide. However, when using the first procedure for articles that contain silicon carbide or other carbides, no distinction will be made between carbon present in the form of a carbide and carbon present as elemental carbon. The second procedure provides a method for calculating apparent residual carbon (on the basis of weight loss after igniting the coked specimens), apparent carbonaceous material content, and apparent carbon yield. If the second procedure is used for brick or shapes that contain metallic additives or carbides, it must be recognized that there will be a weight gain associated with the oxidation of the metals, or carbides, or both. Such a weight gain can change the results substantially, and this must be kept in mind when interpreting the data.  
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 31-Jan-2018
• ICS: 91.100.15 - Mineral materials and products
• Technical Committee: C08 - Refractories
• Drafting Committee: C08.04 - Chemical Behaviors

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM C831-98(2017)e1 - Standard Test Methods for Residual Carbon, Apparent Residual Carbon, and Apparent Carbon Yield in Coked Carbon-Containing Brick and Shapes 
• Effective Date: 01-Feb-2018
• Replaced By: ASTM C831-18(2023) - Standard Test Methods for Residual Carbon, Apparent Residual Carbon, and Apparent Carbon Yield in Coked Carbon-Containing Brick and Shapes
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2023
• Refers: ASTM E11-13 - Standard Specification for Woven Wire Test Sieve Cloth and Test Sieves
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2013
• Refers: ASTM E11-09e1 - Standard Specification for Woven Wire Test Sieve Cloth and Test Sieves
• Effective Date: 01-May-2009
• Refers: ASTM E11-04 - Standard Specification for Wire Cloth and Sieves for Testing Purposes
• Effective Date: 01-May-2004
• Refers: ASTM E11-01 - Standard Specification for Wire Cloth and Sieves for Testing Purposes
• Effective Date: 10-May-2001
• Refers: ASTM E11-95 - Standard Specification for Wire Cloth and Sieves for Testing Purposes
• Effective Date: 10-May-2001
• Refers: ASTM D2906-97 - Standard Practice for Statements on Precision and Bias for Textiles
• Effective Date: 10-Nov-1997
• Refers: ASTM D2906-97(2002) - Standard Practice for Statements on Precision and Bias for Textiles (Withdrawn 2008)
• Effective Date: 10-Nov-1997
• Referred By: ASTM C1190-18(2022) - Standard Practice for Location of Test Specimens from Magnesia-Carbon and Impregnated Burned Basic Brick
• Effective Date: 01-Feb-2018
• Referred By: ASTM C607-88(2016) - Standard Practice for Coking Large Shapes of Carbon-Bearing Materials
• Effective Date: 01-Feb-2018

Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: C831 − 18
Standard Test Methods for
Residual Carbon, Apparent Residual Carbon, and Apparent
Carbon Yield in Coked Carbon-Containing Brick and
1
Shapes
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C831; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1.1 These test methods cover the determination of residual
D2906 Practice for Statements on Precision and Bias for
carbon content in carbon-bearing brick and shapes after a
3
Textiles (Withdrawn 2008)
prescribed coking treatment. They provide two procedures.
E11 Specification for Woven Wire Test Sieve Cloth and Test
The first procedure is based on the combustion of carbon and
Sieves
its measurement as carbon dioxide. However, when using the
first procedure for articles that contain silicon carbide or other
3. Significance and Use
carbides,nodistinctionwillbemadebetweencarbonpresentin
3.1 These test methods are designed for use with carbon-
the form of a carbide and carbon present as elemental carbon.
containing products. The residual carbon content of a coked
The second procedure provides a method for calculating
carbon-containing brick or shape is an indication of how much
apparent residual carbon (on the basis of weight loss after
carbon may be available, in service, to resist slag attack on, or
igniting the coked specimens), apparent carbonaceous material
oxidation loss of, that body. Apparent carbon yield gives an
content, and apparent carbon yield. If the second procedure is
estimate of the relative efficiency of the total carbonaceous
used for brick or shapes that contain metallic additives or
matter to be retained as residual carbon.
carbides, it must be recognized that there will be a weight gain
3.2 Residual carbon has a direct bearing on several proper-
associated with the oxidation of the metals, or carbides, or
ties of a pitch or resin-containing refractory, such as ignited
both. Such a weight gain can change the results substantially,
porosity, density, strength, and thermal conductivity.
and this must be kept in mind when interpreting the data.
3.3 These test methods are suitable for product
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
development, manufacturing control, and specification accep-
as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for
tance.
information only.
3.4 These test methods are very sensitive to specimen size,
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
coking rates, etc.; therefore, strict compliance with these test
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
methods is critical.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
3.5 Appreciable amounts of reducible components, such as
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
Fe O , will have a noticeable effect on the results.Thus, values
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
2 3
obtained by these test methods will be different when brick
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
removed from service is tested. This must be kept in mind
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
when attempting to use these test methods in an absolute sense.
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom- 3.6 Oxidizable components such as metals and carbides can
have a noticeable effect on the results. This must be kept in
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. mind when using the second procedure, which is based on
measuring weight loss after igniting the coked specimens.
1 2
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C08 on For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Refractories and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C08.04 on Chemical contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
Behaviors. Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Current edition approved Feb. 1, 2018. Published February 2018. Originally the ASTM website.
ε1 3
approved in 1976. Last previous edition approved in 2017 as C831 – 98 (2017) . The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
DOI: 10.1520/C0831-18. www.astm.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
´1
Designation: C831 − 98 (Reapproved 2017) C831 − 18
Standard Test Methods for
Residual Carbon, Apparent Residual Carbon, and Apparent
Carbon Yield in Coked Carbon-Containing Brick and
1
Shapes Shapes
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C831; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1
ε NOTE—Footnote 4 was removed editorially in November 2017.
1. Scope
1.1 These test methods cover the determination of residual carbon content in carbon-bearing brick and shapes after a prescribed
coking treatment. They provide two procedures. The first procedure is based on the combustion of carbon and its measurement as
carbon dioxide. However, when using the first procedure for articles that contain silicon carbide or other carbides, no distinction
will be made between carbon present in the form of a carbide and carbon present as elemental carbon. The second procedure
provides a method for calculating apparent residual carbon (on the basis of weight loss after igniting the coked specimens),
apparent carbonaceous material content, and apparent carbon yield. If the second procedure is used for brick or shapes that contain
metallic additives or carbides, it must be recognized that there will be a weight gain associated with the oxidation of the metals,
or carbides, or both. Such a weight gain can change the results substantially, and this must be kept in mind when interpreting the
data.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of
regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
3
D2906 Practice for Statements on Precision and Bias for Textiles (Withdrawn 2008)
E11 Specification for Woven Wire Test Sieve Cloth and Test Sieves
3. Significance and Use
3.1 These test methods are designed for use with carbon-containing products. The residual carbon content of a coked
carbon-containing brick or shape is an indication of how much carbon may be available, in service, to resist slag attack on, or
oxidation loss of, that body. Apparent carbon yield gives an estimate of the relative efficiency of the total carbonaceous matter to
be retained as residual carbon.
3.2 Residual carbon has a direct bearing on several properties of a pitch or resin containing refractory resin-containing
refractory, such as ignited porosity, density, strength, and thermal conductivity.
3.3 These test methods are suitable for product development, manufacturing control, and specification acceptance.
1
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C08 on Refractories and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C08.04 on Chemical Behaviors.
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2017Feb. 1, 2018. Published November 2017February 2018. Originally approved in 1976. Last previous edition approved in 2017 as
ε1
C831 – 98 (2017).(2017) . DOI: 10.1520/C0831-98R17E01.10.1520/C0831-18.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on www.astm.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
C831 − 18
3.4 These test methods are very sensitive to specimen size, coking rates, etc.; therefore, strict compliance with these test
methods is critical.
3.5 Appreciable amounts of reducible components, such as Fe O , will have a noticeable effect on the results. Thus, valu
...

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: C831 − 18
Standard Test Methods for
Residual Carbon, Apparent Residual Carbon, and Apparent
Carbon Yield in Coked Carbon-Containing Brick and
1
Shapes
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C831; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1.1 These test methods cover the determination of residual
D2906 Practice for Statements on Precision and Bias for
carbon content in carbon-bearing brick and shapes after a
3
Textiles (Withdrawn 2008)
prescribed coking treatment. They provide two procedures.
E11 Specification for Woven Wire Test Sieve Cloth and Test
The first procedure is based on the combustion of carbon and
Sieves
its measurement as carbon dioxide. However, when using the
first procedure for articles that contain silicon carbide or other
3. Significance and Use
carbides, no distinction will be made between carbon present in
3.1 These test methods are designed for use with carbon-
the form of a carbide and carbon present as elemental carbon.
containing products. The residual carbon content of a coked
The second procedure provides a method for calculating
carbon-containing brick or shape is an indication of how much
apparent residual carbon (on the basis of weight loss after
carbon may be available, in service, to resist slag attack on, or
igniting the coked specimens), apparent carbonaceous material
oxidation loss of, that body. Apparent carbon yield gives an
content, and apparent carbon yield. If the second procedure is
estimate of the relative efficiency of the total carbonaceous
used for brick or shapes that contain metallic additives or
matter to be retained as residual carbon.
carbides, it must be recognized that there will be a weight gain
3.2 Residual carbon has a direct bearing on several proper-
associated with the oxidation of the metals, or carbides, or
ties of a pitch or resin-containing refractory, such as ignited
both. Such a weight gain can change the results substantially,
porosity, density, strength, and thermal conductivity.
and this must be kept in mind when interpreting the data.
3.3 These test methods are suitable for product
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
development, manufacturing control, and specification accep-
as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for
tance.
information only.
3.4 These test methods are very sensitive to specimen size,
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
coking rates, etc.; therefore, strict compliance with these test
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
methods is critical.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
3.5 Appreciable amounts of reducible components, such as
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
Fe O , will have a noticeable effect on the results. Thus, values
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 2 3
obtained by these test methods will be different when brick
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
removed from service is tested. This must be kept in mind
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
when attempting to use these test methods in an absolute sense.
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
3.6 Oxidizable components such as metals and carbides can
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical have a noticeable effect on the results. This must be kept in
mind when using the second procedure, which is based on
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
measuring weight loss after igniting the coked specimens.
1 2
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C08 on For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Refractories and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C08.04 on Chemical contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
Behaviors. Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Current edition approved Feb. 1, 2018. Published February 2018. Originally the ASTM website.
ε1 3
approved in 1976. Last previous edition approved in 2017 as C831 – 98 (2017) . The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
DOI: 10.1520/C0831-18. www.astm.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
C831 − 18
3.7 Testing of bri
...