ASTM G122-96(2002)

Standard Test Method for Evaluating the Effectiveness of Cleaning Agents

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
The purpose of this test method is to define a procedure for evaluating the capability of cleaning agents to clean metallic coupons. Based on the outcome of the testing, suitable cleaning agents may be selected for cleaning in general and for oxygen service in particular.
The cleaning parameters can be changed and the test method can be repeated. The usual cleaning parameters include cleaning agent concentration, temperature, and time; type and strength of ultrasonic energy or agitation, if used, and others.
Note 1—Usual cleaning parameters are based on the manufacturer’recommendations.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers a procedure for evaluating the capability of cleaning agents and processes to remove contamination to the desired level.
1.2 The test coupons provide a relatively rough surface to which contamination can easily adhere.
1.3 The capability of a particular cleaning agent depends upon the method by which it is used and the characteristics of the article being cleaned, such as size, shape, and material. Final evaluation of the cleaning agent should include testing of actual products and production process.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precautionary statements are given in Note 2.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 09-Oct-1996
• ICS: 71.100.40 - Surface active agents
• Technical Committee: G04 - Compatibility and Sensitivity of Materials in Oxygen Enriched Atmospheres
• Drafting Committee: G04.01 - Test Methods

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM G122-96 - Standard Test Method for Evaluating the Effectiveness of Cleaning Agents
• Effective Date: 10-Oct-1996
• Replaced By: ASTM G122-96(2008) - Standard Test Method for Evaluating the Effectiveness of Cleaning Agents
• Effective Date: 01-Sep-2008
• Referred By: ASTM G93/G93M-19 - Standard Guide for Cleanliness Levels and Cleaning Methods for Materials and Equipment Used in Oxygen-Enriched Environments
• Effective Date: 10-Oct-1996
• Referred By: ASTM G121-18 - Standard Practice for Preparation of Contaminated Test Coupons for the Evaluation of Cleaning Agents
• Effective Date: 10-Oct-1996
• Referred By: ASTM G131-96(2023)e1 - Standard Practice for Cleaning of Materials and Components by Ultrasonic Techniques
• Effective Date: 10-Oct-1996
• Referred By: ASTM D8179-18 - Standard Guide for Characterizing Detergents for the Cleaning of Clinically-used Medical Devices
• Effective Date: 10-Oct-1996
• Referred By: ASTM G127-15(2023) - Standard Guide for the Selection of Cleaning Agents for Oxygen-Enriched Systems
• Effective Date: 10-Oct-1996
• Referred By: ASTM F3127-22 - Standard Guide for Validating Cleaning Processes Used During the Manufacture of Medical Devices
• Effective Date: 10-Oct-1996
• Referred By: ASTM E3106-22 - Standard Guide for Science-Based and Risk-Based Cleaning Process Development and Validation
• Effective Date: 10-Oct-1996
• Referred By: ASTM G126-16(2023) - Standard Terminology Relating to the Compatibility and Sensitivity of Materials in Oxygen Enriched Atmospheres
• Effective Date: 10-Oct-1996
• Referred By: ASTM D6361/D6361M-98(2020) - Standard Guide for Selecting Cleaning Agents and Processes
• Effective Date: 10-Oct-1996

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:G122–96 (Reapproved 2002)
Standard Test Method for
Evaluating the Effectiveness of Cleaning Agents
This standard is issued under the fixed designation G122; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
INTRODUCTION
Manysystemsrequireahighdegreeofcleanliness.Forexample,gaseousandliquidoxygensystems
mustbeclean,particularlyofhydrocarbons,toavoidthepotentialhazardofareactionandsubsequent
fire or explosion. Typically, chlorinated solvents have been used to clean systems and equipment that
must be free of hydrocarbons and other contaminants. Environmental concerns dictate that suitable
replacementsareneeded.Thistestmethodpresentsaprocedurethatmaybeusedtoevaluatecandidate
aqueous or non aqueous cleaning agents.
1. Scope F331 Test Method for Nonvolatile Residue of Halogenated
Solvent Extract from Aerospace Components (Using Ro-
1.1 This test method covers a procedure for evaluating the
tary Flash Evaporator)
capabilityofcleaningagentsandprocessestoremovecontami-
G94 Guide for Evaluating Metals for Oxygen Service
nation to the desired level.
G121 Practice for Preparation of Contaminated Test Cou-
1.2 The test coupons provide a relatively rough surface to
pons for the Evaluation of Cleaning Agents
which contamination can easily adhere.
2.2 ANSI Standard:
1.3 The capability of a particular cleaning agent depends
D46.1 Surface Texture (Surface Roughness, Waviness,
upon the method by which it is used and the characteristics of
Lay)
the article being cleaned, such as size, shape, and material.
Finalevaluationofthecleaningagentshouldincludetestingof
3. Terminology
actual products and production process.
3.1 Definitions:
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
3.1.1 cleaningeffectivenessfactor(CEF),n—thefractionof
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
contaminant removed from an initially contaminated test
only.
coupon and determined by gravimetric techniques.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
3.1.2 residual contamination R , n—the absolute mass of
c
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
contaminant remaining after the cleaning process and ex-
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
pressed in milligrams per square centimetre of area or option-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
ally as milligrams per square foot.
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precau-
3.1.3 surface roughness, R , n—the arithmetic average
A
tionary statements are given in Note 2.
deviation of the surface profile from the centerline, normally
2. Referenced Documents reported in micrometres.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
4. Summary of Test Method
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
4.1 This test method provides quantitative results as to the
E177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in
3 ability of a specific cleaning agent/process for removing
ASTM Test Methods
selected contaminants from standard coupons. The coupons
E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
3 used for testing are prepared in accordance with Practice
Determine the Precision of a Test Method
G121. Cleaning is performed using a cleaning tank with or
without ultrasonic agitation, elavated temperature or other
cleaning enhancement features and depends on the manufac-
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee G4 on
turer’sinstructions.Theeffectivenessofthecleaningprocessis
Compatibility and Sensitivity of Materials in Oxygen EnrichedAtmospheres and is
the direct responsibility of Subcommittee G04.01 on Test Methods.
Current edition approved Oct. 10, 1996. Published December 1996. Originally
published as G122–93. Last previous edition G122–93. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 15.03.
2 5
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Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
G122–96 (2002)
representedasCEF,thecleaningeffectivenessfactor,thatisthe 7.7 Process the control coupon in the test cleaning solution
fraction of the contaminant removed as determined by gravi- separately from the contaminated test coupons.
metric techniques.Acontrol coupon is used to account for any 7.8 The contaminated test coupons can be processed in
corrosion or material removal effects due to the cleaning independent beakers held in the cleaning tank or as a batch in
agent/process. a single beaker.
7.9 Clean the test and control coupons in the candidate
5. Significance and Use
cleaning agent by the manufacturer’s procedure or selected
5.1 The purpose of this test method is to define a procedure
procedure.
for evaluating the capability of cleaning agents to clean
7.9.1 Prepare the cleaning agent in accordance with the
metalliccoupons.Basedontheoutcomeofthetesting,suitable
manufacturer’s recommendations.
cleaningagentsmaybeselectedforcleaningingeneralandfor
7.9.2 Selectbeakersofsuitablesizetoaccommodatethetest
oxygen service in particular.
coupons and fit the beaker holder.
5.2 The cleaning parameters can be changed and the test
7.9.3 Washthebeakersthoroughlywithasolutionofliquid,
methodcanberepeated.Theusualcleaningparametersinclude
surface-active cleaning agent in hot water and rinse with type
cleaning agent concentration, temperature, and time; type and
II water.
strength of ultrasonic energy or agitation, if used, and others.
7.9.4 Fill the beakers with the cleaning agent solution to a
level that will ensure the test coupons are submerged.
NOTE 1—Usual cleaning parameters are based on the manufacturer’s
recommendations. 7.9.5 Fill the cleaning tank to its operating level with the
transfer fluid and preheat to desired test temperature.
6. Apparatus
7.9.6 Place the beakers in the beaker holder in the tank so
6.1 Materials:
that the liquid levels in the tank and beakers are approximately
6.1.1 Test Coupon, prepared in accordance with Practice
equal.
G121.Themassofthecouponisapproximately30to45gbut
7.9.7 Allow the temperatures of the tank fluid and cleaning
will vary significantly for each selected material. Typical
agent in the beakers to equilibrate at the desired temperature.
materialsusedinoxygensystemsaredescribedinGuideG94.
7.9.8 Suspend the test coupons and control coupon in the
6.1.2 Control Coupon—This is uncontaminated and is sub-
cleaning agent, using a wire hook of the same material as the
jected to the identical cleaning procedure as the contaminated
coupon or a compatible material. Position the coupons such
coupons and serves to evaluate corrosion, erosion of the test
that they do not touch the beaker or one another.
coupons.
7.9.9 Begin agitation or sonication in the cleaning process
6.1.3 Cleaning Agent, prepared according to the manufac-
and start the timer.
turer’sinstructions.SpecificationD1193TypeIIwatershallbe
7.9.10 Upon completing the required cleaning time, discon-
used for preparing aqueous solutions.
tinue the agitation or sonication, and remove the coupons from
6.2 Equipment:
the cleaning agent.
6.2.1 Cleaning Tank,Avessel of sufficient size to conduct a
7.9.11 Rinse the test coupon in accordance with the manu-
number of evaluations simultaneously. Testing is enhanced by
facturer’s recommendations.
having automatic temperature and time controls. A cleaning
7.9.12 Allow the suspended coupons to dry overnight or in
tank with ultr
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