ASTM E200-23
(Practice)Standard Practice for Preparation, Standardization, and Storage of Standard and Reagent Solutions for Chemical Analysis
Standard Practice for Preparation, Standardization, and Storage of Standard and Reagent Solutions for Chemical Analysis
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 The accuracy of many analytical measurements is dependent upon the manner in which the standard solutions are prepared and stored, and the accuracy with which they are standardized. Combining the methods recommended for the preparation and handling of such solutions into one practice eliminates the necessity for covering such details in all of the methods wherein the solutions are used.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers procedures for the preparation, standardization, and storage of the standard volumetric solutions and reagent testing solutions commonly used in chemical analysis.
1.2 The information in this practice is arranged as follows:
Sections
Referenced Documents
2
Terminology
3
Significance and Use
4
Apparatus
5
Temperature effects
6
Measurements
7
Reagents
8
Concentration of solutions
9
Mixing of solutions
10
Storage of solutions
11
Preparation and standardization of solutions
12
Precision and Bias
13
Sodium hydroxide solution, 0.02 to 1.0 meq/mL (N)
14 to 19
Hydrochloric acid, 0.02 to 1.0 meq/mL (N)
20 to 28
Sulfuric acid, 0.02 to 1.0 meq/mL (N)
29 to 33
Hydrochloric acid, special 1 meq/mL (N)
34 to 38
Sulfuric acid, special 1 meq/mL (N)
39 to 43
Silver nitrate solution, 0.1 meq/mL (N)
44 to 48
Ammonium thiocyanate solution, 0.1 meq/mL (N)
49 to 53
Iodine solution, 0.1 meq/mL (N)
54 to 58
Sodium thiosulfate solution, 0.1 meq/mL (N)
59 to 63
Potassium permanganate solution, 0.1 meq/mL (N)
64 to 68
Potassium dichromate solution, 0.1 meq/mL(N)
69 to 73
Methanolic sodium hydroxide solution, 0.5 meq/mL (N)
74 to 79
Ceric sulfate solution, 0.1 meq/mL (N)
80 to 84
Acetous perchloric acid, 0.1 meq/mL (N)
85 to 89
Disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate solution, 0.05 mol/L(M)
90 to 94
Standard ion solutions
95
Nonstandardized reagent solutions and indicator solutions
96
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific warning statements are given throughout this practice. Consult current OSHA regulations, suppliers’ Safety Data Sheets, and local regulations for all materials used in this specification.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: E200 − 23
Standard Practice for
Preparation, Standardization, and Storage of Standard and
1
Reagent Solutions for Chemical Analysis
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E200; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope* responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
1.1 This practice covers procedures for the preparation,
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
standardization, and storage of the standard volumetric solu-
Specific warning statements are given throughout this practice.
tions and reagent testing solutions commonly used in chemical
Consult current OSHA regulations, suppliers’ Safety Data
analysis.
Sheets, and local regulations for all materials used in this
1.2 The information in this practice is arranged as follows:
specification.
Sections
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-
Referenced Documents 2
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
Terminology 3
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Significance and Use 4
Apparatus 5
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
Temperature effects 6
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
Measurements 7
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Reagents 8
Concentration of solutions 9
Mixing of solutions 10
2. Referenced Documents
Storage of solutions 11
2
Preparation and standardization of solutions 12
2.1 ASTM Standards:
Precision and Bias 13
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
Sodium hydroxide solution, 0.02 to 1.0 meq/mL (N) 14 to 19
E50 Practices for Apparatus, Reagents, and Safety Consid-
Hydrochloric acid, 0.02 to 1.0 meq/mL (N) 20 to 28
Sulfuric acid, 0.02 to 1.0 meq/mL (N) 29 to 33
erations for Chemical Analysis of Metals, Ores, and
Hydrochloric acid, special 1 meq/mL (N) 34 to 38
Related Materials
Sulfuric acid, special 1 meq/mL (N) 39 to 43
E180 Practice for Determining the Precision of ASTM
Silver nitrate solution, 0.1 meq/mL (N) 44 to 48
Ammonium thiocyanate solution, 0.1 meq/mL (N) 49 to 53
Methods for Analysis and Testing of Industrial and Spe-
Iodine solution, 0.1 meq/mL (N) 54 to 58 3
cialty Chemicals (Withdrawn 2009)
Sodium thiosulfate solution, 0.1 meq/mL (N) 59 to 63
E203 Test Method for Water Using Volumetric Karl Fischer
Potassium permanganate solution, 0.1 meq/mL (N) 64 to 68
Potassium dichromate solution, 0.1 meq/mL(N) 69 to 73
Titration
Methanolic sodium hydroxide solution, 0.5 meq/mL (N) 74 to 79
E694 Specification for Laboratory Glass Volumetric Appa-
Ceric sulfate solution, 0.1 meq/mL (N) 80 to 84
ratus
Acetous perchloric acid, 0.1 meq/mL (N) 85 to 89
4
Disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate solution, 0.05 mol/ 90 to 94
2.2 Other Document:
L(M)
Reagent Chemicals American Chemical Society Specifica-
Standard ion solutions 95
Nonstandardized reagent solutions and indicator solutions 96 tions (ACS)
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
3. Terminology
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
only. 3.1 Definitions:
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D16 on Aromatic, Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Industrial, Specialty and Related Chemicals and is the direct responsibility of the ASTM website.
3
Subcommittee D16.04 on Instrumental Analysis. The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
Current edition approved July 1, 2023. Published July 2023. Originally approved www.astm.org.
4
in 1962 as E200 – 62T. Last previous edition approved in 2016 as E200 – 16. DOI: Available from American Chemical Society (ACS), 1155 Sixteenth St., NW,
10.1520/E0200-23. Washington, DC 20036, http://www.acs.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
E200 − 23
3.1.1 standard volumetric solution—
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: E200 − 16 E200 − 23
Standard Practice for
Preparation, Standardization, and Storage of Standard and
1
Reagent Solutions for Chemical Analysis
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E200; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope*
1.1 This practice covers procedures for the preparation, standardization, and storage of the standard volumetric solutions and
reagent testing solutions commonly used in chemical analysis.
1.2 The information in this practice is arranged as follows:
Sections
Referenced Documents 2
Terminology 3
Significance and Use 4
Apparatus 5
Temperature effects 6
Measurements 7
Reagents 8
Concentration of solutions 9
Mixing of solutions 10
Storage of solutions 11
Preparation and standardization of solutions 12
Precision and Bias 13
Sodium hydroxide solution, 0.02 to 1.0 meq/mL (N) 14 to 19
Hydrochloric acid, 0.02 to 1.0 meq/mL (N) 20 to 28
Sulfuric acid, 0.02 to 1.0 meq/mL (N) 29 to 33
Hydrochloric acid, special 1 meq/mL (N) 34 to 38
Sulfuric acid, special 1 meq/mL (N) 39 to 43
Silver nitrate solution, 0.1 meq/mL (N) 44 to 48
Ammonium thiocyanate solution, 0.1 meq/mL (N) 49 to 53
Iodine solution, 0.1 meq/mL (N) 54 to 58
Sodium thiosulfate solution, 0.1 meq/mL (N) 59 to 63
Potassium permanganate solution, 0.1 meq/mL (N) 64 to 68
Potassium dichromate solution, 0.1 meq/mL(N) 69 to 73
Methanolic sodium hydroxide solution, 0.5 meq/mL (N) 74 to 79
Ceric sulfate solution, 0.1 meq/mL (N) 80 to 84
Acetous perchloric acid, 0.1 meq/mL (N) 85 to 89
Disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate solution, 0.05 mol/ 90 to 94
L(M)
Standard ion solutions 95
Nonstandardized reagent solutions and indicator solutions 96
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D16 on Aromatic, Industrial, Specialty and Related Chemicals and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
D16.04 on Instrumental Analysis.
Current edition approved April 1, 2016July 1, 2023. Published May 2016July 2023. Originally approved in 1962 as E200 – 62T. Last previous edition approved in
20082016 as E200 – 08.E200 – 16. DOI: 10.1520/E0200-16.10.1520/E0200-23.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
E200 − 23
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of
regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific warning statements are given throughout this practice. Consult current OSHA
regulations, suppliers’ Safety Data Sheets, and local regulations for all materials used in this specification.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
E50 Practices for Apparatus, Reagents, and Safety Considerations for Chemical Analysis of Metals, Ores, and Related Materials
E180 Practice for Determining the Precision of ASTM Methods for Analysis and Testing of Industrial and Specialty Chemicals
3
(Withdrawn 2009)
E203 Test Method for Water Using Volumetric Karl Fischer Titration
E694 Specification for Laboratory Glass Volumetric Apparatus
4
2.2 Other Document:
Reagent Chemicals American Chemical Society Specifications (ACS)
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 standard volumetric solution—a solution of accurately determined concentration used in the quantitative analysis of
chemicals and other products. The concentration of such solutions is usually expressed in terms of meq/mL (N) normality or mol/L
(M) molarity.
4. Significance and Use
4.1 The accuracy of many analyti
...
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