ASTM D8200-22
(Practice)Standard Practice for Creating a Correlation to Compare Particle Size Distribution Results of Proppants by Dynamic Imaging Analyzers and Sieves
Standard Practice for Creating a Correlation to Compare Particle Size Distribution Results of Proppants by Dynamic Imaging Analyzers and Sieves
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 The ability to correlate results of analyzers to sieve sets enables the use of non-sieve methods to be employed that give comparable results to each other.
5.2 The use of analyzers for proppant measurement has the benefit of providing particle shape characteristics which are important in the performance of these materials. Shape analysis is currently done by operator’s determination based on a visual observation of a small number of particles per API 19C. Available information from imaging analysis of many particles can be used to assess the proppant shape characteristics as opposed to just a small number.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice describes procedural steps to create a correlation that can be used to compare results of proppant size distributions between dynamic imaging analyzers (analyzers) and prescribed sieve sets.
1.2 The proppant size and distribution specifications that are included in this practice are listed in API Standard 19C (API 19C) and shown in Table 1, however as industry evolves additional specifications may come into use and this practice can be used with those as well.
1.3 This practice may not be applicable to all proppant types and designations. The acceptability of the correlations determined are judged by the operator.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard, except sieve designations are typically identified using the ‘alternative’ system in accordance with Practice E11, such as 3 in. and No. 200 instead of the ‘standard’ system of 75 mm and 75 µm, respectively.
1.5 Observed and calculated values shall conform to the guidelines for significant digits and rounding established in Practice D6026, unless superseded by this standard.
1.5.1 The procedures used to specify how data are collected/recorded and calculated in Practice D6026 are regarded as the industry standard. In addition, they are representative of the significant digits that generally should be retained. The procedures used do not consider material variation, purpose for obtaining the data, special purpose studies, or any considerations for the user’s objectives; and it is common practice to increase or reduce significant digits of reported data to be commensurate with these considerations. It is beyond the scope of these test methods to consider significant digits used in analysis methods for engineering data.
1.6 This practice offers a set of instructions for performing one or more specific operations. This document cannot replace education or experience and should be used in conjunction with professional judgment. Not all aspects of this practice may be applicable in all circumstances. This ASTM standard is not intended to represent or replace the standard of care by which the adequacy of a given professional service must be judged, nor should this document be applied without consideration of a project’s many unique aspects. The word “Standard” in the title means only that the document has been approved through the ASTM consensus process.
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
General Information
- Status
- Published
- Publication Date
- 31-Oct-2022
- Technical Committee
- D18 - Soil and Rock
- Drafting Committee
- D18.26 - Hydraulic Fracturing
Relations
- Effective Date
- 01-Feb-2024
- Effective Date
- 01-Nov-2023
- Effective Date
- 01-Oct-2019
- Effective Date
- 01-May-2015
- Effective Date
- 01-Aug-2014
- Effective Date
- 01-Oct-2013
- Effective Date
- 01-May-2012
- Effective Date
- 01-Mar-2012
- Effective Date
- 01-Sep-2011
- Effective Date
- 01-Sep-2011
- Effective Date
- 01-Mar-2010
- Effective Date
- 01-Jul-2009
- Effective Date
- 01-Jul-2009
- Effective Date
- 01-May-2009
- Effective Date
- 01-Jan-2009
Overview
ASTM D8200-22, "Standard Practice for Creating a Correlation to Compare Particle Size Distribution Results of Proppants by Dynamic Imaging Analyzers and Sieves," provides a comprehensive procedure to establish a reliable correlation between particle size distribution results obtained using dynamic imaging analyzers and traditional sieve methods. Developed by ASTM International, this standard supports the oil and gas industry in advancing measurement accuracy for proppant materials-key components in hydraulic fracturing and gravel packing operations.
By enabling accurate comparison between non-sieve and sieve-based methods, ASTM D8200-22 promotes consistency and efficiency in proppant sizing, ensuring that results from advanced imaging analyzers align with established specifications.
Key Topics
- Correlation Methodology: The standard outlines a step-by-step process for developing a correlation fit file between analyzer and sieve data, improving comparability.
- Proppant Size Specifications: Data collected aligns with specifications in API Standard 19C and acknowledges the potential for accommodating evolving industry requirements.
- Measurement of Particle Shape: Dynamic imaging analyzers offer shape analysis beyond the capacity of visual observation, providing better assessment of proppant performance factors.
- Significant Digits & Data Reporting: ASTM D8200-22 mandates conformity with Practice D6026 for rounding and reporting data, supporting industry consistency.
- Safety, Health, and Environmental Guidance: The standard emphasizes user responsibility for safety practices and adherence to local regulations.
Applications
ASTM D8200-22 is particularly valuable in the following contexts:
- Quality Control in Hydraulic Fracturing: Ensures that non-sieve measurement methods provide results directly comparable to traditional sieving, maintaining quality and specification adherence for proppants.
- Laboratory Testing and R&D: Enables researchers and laboratory professionals to establish robust correlations, facilitating the transition to high-throughput, imaging-based analysis.
- Proppant Manufacturing: Supports producers in validating new measurement technologies and adapting to emerging market specifications with confidence in data comparability.
- Field Operations: Enables service providers to monitor particle size and shape characteristics efficiently, optimizing selection and performance of proppant materials in real-world conditions.
The standard benefits any organization seeking to modernize particle size analysis in compliance with recognized API and ASTM methodologies.
Related Standards
Adherence to ASTM D8200-22 may involve referencing several key industry standards:
- API Standard 19C: Specifies measurement and quality requirements for proppants used in hydraulic fracturing and gravel packing.
- ASTM E11: Defines specifications for woven wire test sieve cloth and test sieves, essential for traditional particle size analysis.
- ASTM D75: Standard Practice for Sampling Aggregates.
- ASTM D653: Terminology Relating to Soil, Rock, and Contained Fluids.
- ASTM D6913: Test Methods for Particle-Size Distribution of Soils Using Sieve Analysis.
- ASTM D4753: Guide for Evaluating and Specifying Balances and Masses for Soil, Rock, and Construction Materials Testing.
- ASTM D6026: Practice for Using Significant Digits in Geotechnical Data.
Practical Value
By establishing a standardized practice for correlating dynamic imaging and sieve analysis results, ASTM D8200-22 streamlines the adoption of new technologies without compromising consistency across the supply chain. It empowers operators and analysts to report particle size and shape characteristics with greater confidence, ultimately supporting enhanced operational control, quality assurance, and regulatory compliance within resource development industries.
Relevant keywords: ASTM D8200-22, particle size distribution, proppant analysis, dynamic imaging analyzers, sieve analysis, hydraulic fracturing, API 19C, proppant measurement standard, particle shape analysis.
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Frequently Asked Questions
ASTM D8200-22 is a standard published by ASTM International. Its full title is "Standard Practice for Creating a Correlation to Compare Particle Size Distribution Results of Proppants by Dynamic Imaging Analyzers and Sieves". This standard covers: SIGNIFICANCE AND USE 5.1 The ability to correlate results of analyzers to sieve sets enables the use of non-sieve methods to be employed that give comparable results to each other. 5.2 The use of analyzers for proppant measurement has the benefit of providing particle shape characteristics which are important in the performance of these materials. Shape analysis is currently done by operator’s determination based on a visual observation of a small number of particles per API 19C. Available information from imaging analysis of many particles can be used to assess the proppant shape characteristics as opposed to just a small number. SCOPE 1.1 This practice describes procedural steps to create a correlation that can be used to compare results of proppant size distributions between dynamic imaging analyzers (analyzers) and prescribed sieve sets. 1.2 The proppant size and distribution specifications that are included in this practice are listed in API Standard 19C (API 19C) and shown in Table 1, however as industry evolves additional specifications may come into use and this practice can be used with those as well. 1.3 This practice may not be applicable to all proppant types and designations. The acceptability of the correlations determined are judged by the operator. 1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard, except sieve designations are typically identified using the ‘alternative’ system in accordance with Practice E11, such as 3 in. and No. 200 instead of the ‘standard’ system of 75 mm and 75 µm, respectively. 1.5 Observed and calculated values shall conform to the guidelines for significant digits and rounding established in Practice D6026, unless superseded by this standard. 1.5.1 The procedures used to specify how data are collected/recorded and calculated in Practice D6026 are regarded as the industry standard. In addition, they are representative of the significant digits that generally should be retained. The procedures used do not consider material variation, purpose for obtaining the data, special purpose studies, or any considerations for the user’s objectives; and it is common practice to increase or reduce significant digits of reported data to be commensurate with these considerations. It is beyond the scope of these test methods to consider significant digits used in analysis methods for engineering data. 1.6 This practice offers a set of instructions for performing one or more specific operations. This document cannot replace education or experience and should be used in conjunction with professional judgment. Not all aspects of this practice may be applicable in all circumstances. This ASTM standard is not intended to represent or replace the standard of care by which the adequacy of a given professional service must be judged, nor should this document be applied without consideration of a project’s many unique aspects. The word “Standard” in the title means only that the document has been approved through the ASTM consensus process. 1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE 5.1 The ability to correlate results of analyzers to sieve sets enables the use of non-sieve methods to be employed that give comparable results to each other. 5.2 The use of analyzers for proppant measurement has the benefit of providing particle shape characteristics which are important in the performance of these materials. Shape analysis is currently done by operator’s determination based on a visual observation of a small number of particles per API 19C. Available information from imaging analysis of many particles can be used to assess the proppant shape characteristics as opposed to just a small number. SCOPE 1.1 This practice describes procedural steps to create a correlation that can be used to compare results of proppant size distributions between dynamic imaging analyzers (analyzers) and prescribed sieve sets. 1.2 The proppant size and distribution specifications that are included in this practice are listed in API Standard 19C (API 19C) and shown in Table 1, however as industry evolves additional specifications may come into use and this practice can be used with those as well. 1.3 This practice may not be applicable to all proppant types and designations. The acceptability of the correlations determined are judged by the operator. 1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard, except sieve designations are typically identified using the ‘alternative’ system in accordance with Practice E11, such as 3 in. and No. 200 instead of the ‘standard’ system of 75 mm and 75 µm, respectively. 1.5 Observed and calculated values shall conform to the guidelines for significant digits and rounding established in Practice D6026, unless superseded by this standard. 1.5.1 The procedures used to specify how data are collected/recorded and calculated in Practice D6026 are regarded as the industry standard. In addition, they are representative of the significant digits that generally should be retained. The procedures used do not consider material variation, purpose for obtaining the data, special purpose studies, or any considerations for the user’s objectives; and it is common practice to increase or reduce significant digits of reported data to be commensurate with these considerations. It is beyond the scope of these test methods to consider significant digits used in analysis methods for engineering data. 1.6 This practice offers a set of instructions for performing one or more specific operations. This document cannot replace education or experience and should be used in conjunction with professional judgment. Not all aspects of this practice may be applicable in all circumstances. This ASTM standard is not intended to represent or replace the standard of care by which the adequacy of a given professional service must be judged, nor should this document be applied without consideration of a project’s many unique aspects. The word “Standard” in the title means only that the document has been approved through the ASTM consensus process. 1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
ASTM D8200-22 is classified under the following ICS (International Classification for Standards) categories: 19.120 - Particle size analysis. Sieving. The ICS classification helps identify the subject area and facilitates finding related standards.
ASTM D8200-22 has the following relationships with other standards: It is inter standard links to ASTM D4753-24, ASTM D3740-23, ASTM D3740-19, ASTM D4753-15, ASTM D653-14, ASTM E11-13, ASTM D3740-12a, ASTM D3740-12, ASTM D3740-11, ASTM D653-11, ASTM D3740-10, ASTM D6913-04(2009)e1, ASTM D6913-04(2009), ASTM E11-09e1, ASTM D653-09. Understanding these relationships helps ensure you are using the most current and applicable version of the standard.
ASTM D8200-22 is available in PDF format for immediate download after purchase. The document can be added to your cart and obtained through the secure checkout process. Digital delivery ensures instant access to the complete standard document.
Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D8200 − 22
Standard Practice for
Creating a Correlation to Compare Particle Size Distribution
Results of Proppants by Dynamic Imaging Analyzers and
Sieves
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D8200; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope education or experience and should be used in conjunction
with professional judgment. Not all aspects of this practice may
1.1 This practice describes procedural steps to create a
be applicable in all circumstances. This ASTM standard is not
correlationthatcanbeusedtocompareresultsofproppantsize
intended to represent or replace the standard of care by which
distributions between dynamic imaging analyzers (analyzers)
the adequacy of a given professional service must be judged,
and prescribed sieve sets.
nor should this document be applied without consideration of
1.2 Theproppantsizeanddistributionspecificationsthatare
a project’s many unique aspects. The word “Standard” in the
included in this practice are listed in API Standard 19C (API
title means only that the document has been approved through
19C) and shown in Table 1, however as industry evolves
the ASTM consensus process.
additional specifications may come into use and this practice
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the
can be used with those as well.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
1.3 Thispracticemaynotbeapplicabletoallproppanttypes
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
and designations. The acceptability of the correlations deter-
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
mined are judged by the operator.
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.8 This international standard was developed in accor-
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
standard, except sieve designations are typically identified
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
using the ‘alternative’system in accordance with Practice E11,
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
such as 3 in. and No. 200 instead of the ‘standard’ system of
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
75mm and 75 µm, respectively.
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
1.5 Observed and calculated values shall conform to the
guidelines for significant digits and rounding established in
2. Referenced Documents
Practice D6026, unless superseded by this standard.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1.5.1 Theproceduresusedtospecifyhowdataarecollected/
D75Practice for Sampling Aggregates
recorded and calculated in Practice D6026 are regarded as the
D653Terminology Relating to Soil, Rock, and Contained
industry standard. In addition, they are representative of the
Fluids
significant digits that generally should be retained. The proce-
D3740Practice for Minimum Requirements for Agencies
dures used do not consider material variation, purpose for
Engaged in Testing and/or Inspection of Soil and Rock as
obtaining the data, special purpose studies, or any consider-
Used in Engineering Design and Construction
ations for the user’s objectives; and it is common practice to
D4753Guide for Evaluating, Selecting, and Specifying Bal-
increase or reduce significant digits of reported data to be
ances and Standard Masses for Use in Soil, Rock, and
commensuratewiththeseconsiderations.Itisbeyondthescope
Construction Materials Testing
of these test methods to consider significant digits used in
D6026Practice for Using Significant Digits and Data Re-
analysis methods for engineering data.
cords in Geotechnical Data
1.6 This practice offers a set of instructions for performing
D6913Test Methods for Particle-Size Distribution (Grada-
one or more specific operations. This document cannot replace
tion) of Soils Using Sieve Analysis
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D18 on Soil and
Rock and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D18.26 on Hydraulic For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Fracturing. contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2022. Published November 2022. DOI: Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
10.1520/D8200-22 the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D8200 − 22
E11Specification forWovenWireTest Sieve Cloth andTest the sieve set or analyzer the procedure must be repeated to
Sieves re-establish the correlation.
2.2 API Standard:
5. Significance and Use
Standard 19CMeasurement of and Specifications for Prop-
pants Used in Hydraulic Fracturing and Gravel Packing
5.1 The ability to correlate results of analyzers to sieve sets
Operations. enables the use of non-sieve methods to be employed that give
comparable results to each other.
3. Terminology
5.2 The use of analyzers for proppant measurement has the
3.1 For definitions of common technical terms used in this
benefit of providing particle shape characteristics which are
standard refer to Terminology D653.
importantintheperformanceofthesematerials.Shapeanalysis
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard: iscurrentlydonebyoperator’sdeterminationbasedonavisual
3.2.1 correlation fit file, n—in proppant particle size testing, observation of a small number of particles per API 19C.
a software based, data analysis algorithm used to correlate Availableinformationfromimaginganalysisofmanyparticles
analyzer results to sieve results. can be used to assess the proppant shape characteristics as
opposed to just a small number.
3.2.2 dynamic imaging analyzer, n—in proppant particle
size testing,anyinstrumentemployingacameraorothervisual
6. Apparatus
sensor, with appropriate illumination, to digitally capture and
6.1 Dynamic Imaging Analyzer.
analyze images, via an image processor, of moving particles
conducted through a measurement zone.
6.2 Calibration Sieves,specifiedinTable1,8in.diameterin
size meeting calibration grade per Specification E11.
3.2.3 proppant, n—in hydraulic fracturing, a solid granular
material designed to keep an induced hydraulic fracture open
6.3 Working Sieves, specified in Table 1, 8 in. diameter in
during or following a fracturing treatment.
size meeting compliance grade per Specification E11.
3.2.3.1 Discussion—Typically such granular material is
6.4 Box Sampling Device, meeting requirements of Test
composed of processed sand, resin coated sand, ceramic, resin Method D6913.
coated ceramic and other manufactured materials having a
6.5 Sample Splitter, meeting requirements of Test Method
limited range of particle/sieve sizes which are less than
D6913.
4.75mm and with negligible fines.
6.6 No. 200 wash screen.
3.2.4 reticle, n—a measurement scale, traceable to NIST,
with 100µm and 10µm subdivisions which spans approxi-
6.7 Balance, minimum 500g capacity and meeting Guide
mately 80% of the field of view which is used in order to
D4753 with a minimum resolution of 0.01g.
calibrate the analyzer.
6.8 Oven, capable of containing a 500g proppant sample
and maintaining a uniform temperature of 110 °C 6 5 °C.
4. Summary of Practice
4.1 The practice contains procedural steps that can be
7. Reagents and Materials
followed in order to correlate results of proppant size distribu-
7.1 Proppant,sampledfromtheactualmaterialsthatwillbe
tions determined from prescribed sieve sets (see Table 1) and
measured going forward.
results from analyzers.
8. Sample and Specimen Preparation
4.2 A correlation is determined based on testing of the
actualproppantitisbeingcreatedfor.Representativeproppant
8.1 A total of three representative proppant samples, each
samples are obtained and test specimens are created and tested
approximately 200g in mass, will be obtained in accordance
bythesievesetsandthenbytheanalyzer.Thedataiscompared
with Practice D75.
and a correlation is determined and then tested on additional
8.2 Follow the moist procedure, single sieve set sieving
proppant specimens.
instructions of Test Method D6913 for the following:
4.3 Each correlation fit file is created for each proppant
8.2.1 Use a sample splitter (6.5) to divide each sample into
designation and contains
...
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