ASTM C51-18
(Terminology)Standard Terminology Relating to Lime and Limestone (as used by the Industry)
Standard Terminology Relating to Lime and Limestone (as used by the Industry)
SCOPE
1.1 This terminology refers to the terms relating to lime and limestone products as used by the industry.
1.2 Where appropriate, the various terms defined below should be prefixed with one or other of the adjectives “high-calcium,” “magnesian,” or “dolomitic.” (Examples: dolomitic quicklime; high-calcium hydraulic hydrated lime; magnesian or dolomitic limestone.)
1.3 The composition of a limestone should be given in terms of a percentage of the carbonates present. In limestone of interest to the lime industry, it is usually assumed that the material consists almost entirely of carbonates. Where this assumption is not valid, the percentage of noncarbonate material should be determined, and the composition expressed in terms of the carbonate material present.
1.4 For specific application of lime or a limestone product, see the appropriate ASTM specification.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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Designation: C51 − 18
Standard Terminology Relating to
1
Lime and Limestone (as used by the Industry)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C51; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of original
adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript
epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope* 3. Terminology
1.1 This terminology refers to the terms relating to lime and
agricultural lime—either ground quicklime or hydrated lime
limestone products as used by the industry.
whose calcium and magnesium content is capable of neu-
1.2 Where appropriate, the various terms defined below tralizing soil acidity.
should be prefixed with one or other of the adjectives “high-
agricultural limestone—ground or pulverized limestone
calcium,” “magnesian,” or “dolomitic.” (Examples: dolomitic
whose calcium and magnesium content is capable of neu-
quicklime; high-calcium hydraulic hydrated lime; magnesian
tralizing soil acidity.
or dolomitic limestone.)
DISCUSSION—Agricultural lime is a very powerful neutralizing agent.
1.3 Thecompositionofalimestoneshouldbegiveninterms
Agricultural limestone, often referred to as “aglime” is the predominate
of a percentage of the carbonates present. In limestone of material for soil pH adjustment. See Specification C602.
interest to the lime industry, it is usually assumed that the
air-slaked lime—the product containing various proportions
material consists almost entirely of carbonates. Where this
of the oxides, hydroxides, and carbonates of calcium and
assumption is not valid, the percentage of noncarbonate mate-
magnesium which results from the exposure of quicklime to
rial should be determined, and the composition expressed in
the air in sufficient quantity to show physical signs of
terms of the carbonate material present.
hydration (difficult to determine visually in pulverized
1.4 For specific application of lime or a limestone product,
quicklime).
see the appropriate ASTM specification.
alkaline earth solutions (AES),n—an aqueous solution of the
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-
oxide or hydroxide of an element of group IIa in the periodic
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
table, such as calcium or magnesium, which can be strongly
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
alkaline.
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
available lime index—thoseconstituentsofalimewhichenter
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
into a desired reaction under the conditions of a specific
method or process.
2. Referenced Documents
2
building or construction lime—a lime whose chemical and
2.1 ASTM Standards:
physical characteristics and method of processing make it
C207 Specification for Hydrated Lime for Masonry Pur-
suitable for the ordinary or special construction uses of the
poses
product.
C270 Specification for Mortar for Unit Masonry
C602 Specification for Agricultural Liming Materials
by-product lime, n—a variety of Calcium and/or Calcium/
C1707 Specification for Pozzolanic Hydraulic Lime for
Magnesium compounds that are usable for specific applica-
Structural Purposes
tions but generally do not meet one or more specifications
required of primary lime products.
1
This terminology is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C07 on Lime
DISCUSSION—Examples include lime kiln dust and lime hydrator
and Limestone and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C07.08 on Editorial
rejects. It is advised that the specific compositions, physical properties,
and Terminology
performance characteristics, and anticipated variabilities of such mate-
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2018. Published December 2018. Originally
rials be evaluated for the service intended.
approved in 1922. Last previous edition approved in 2011 as C51 – 11. DOI:
10.1520/C0051-18.
calcareous—originating from predominately calcium carbon-
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
ate or one of its derivative forms.
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. calcia—the chemical compound calcium oxide (CaO).
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
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C51−18
example, Ca(OH) formed by acetylene generation from calcium
calcined pozzolans—materia
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: C51 − 11 C51 − 18
Standard Terminology Relating to
1
Lime and Limestone (as used by the Industry)
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C51; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of original
adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A superscript
epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope*
1.1 This terminology refers to the terms relating to lime and limestone products as used by the industry.
1.2 Where appropriate, the various terms defined below should be prefixed with one or other of the adjectives “high-calcium,”
“magnesian,” or “dolomitic.” (Examples: dolomitic quicklime; high-calcium hydraulic hydrated lime; magnesian or dolomitic
limestone.)
1.3 The composition of a limestone should be given in terms of a percentage of the carbonates present. In limestone of interest
to the lime industry, it is usually assumed that the material consists almost entirely of carbonates. Where this assumption is not
valid, the percentage of noncarbonate material should be determined, and the composition expressed in terms of the carbonate
material present.
1.4 For specific application of lime or a limestone product, see the appropriate ASTM specification.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C207 Specification for Hydrated Lime for Masonry Purposes
C270 Specification for Mortar for Unit Masonry
C602 Specification for Agricultural Liming Materials
C1707 Specification for Pozzolanic Hydraulic Lime for Structural Purposes
3. Terminology
agricultural lime—either ground quicklime or hydrated lime whose calcium and magnesium content is capable of neutralizing
soil acidity.
agricultural limestone—ground or pulverized limestone whose calcium and magnesium content is capable of neutralizing soil
acidity.
DISCUSSION—
Agricultural lime is a very powerful neutralizing agent. Agricultural limestone, often referred to as “aglime” is the predominate material for soil pH
adjustment. See Specification C602.
air-slaked lime—the product containing various proportions of the oxides, hydroxides, and carbonates of calcium and magnesium
which results from the exposure of quicklime to the air in sufficient quantity to show physical signs of hydration (difficult to
determine visually in pulverized quicklime).
1
This terminology is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C07 on Lime and Limestone and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C07.08 on Editorial and
NomenclatureTerminology
Current edition approved June 1, 2011Dec. 1, 2018. Published July 2011December 2018. Originally approved in 1922. Last previous edition approved in 20072011 as
C51 – 07.C51 – 11. DOI: 10.1520/C0051-11.10.1520/C0051-18.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
C51 − 18
alkaline earth solutions (AES)—(AES), n—an aqueous solution of the oxide or hydroxide of an element of group IIa in the
periodic table, such as calcium or magnesium. These solutions may magnesium, which can be strongly alkaline. See pH.
available lime index—those constituents of a lime which enter into a desired reaction under the conditions of a specific method
or process.
building or construction lime—a lime whose chemical and physical characteristics and method of processing make it suitable
for the ordinary or special construction uses of the product.
by-product lime—lime, n—by-product limes include a variety of Calcium and/or Calcium/Magnesium compounds that are usable
for specific applications but generally do not meet one or more specifications required of primary lime products. Examples
include lime kiln dust and lime hydrator rej
...
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