ASTM A381-96(2001)
(Specification)Standard Specification for Metal-Arc-Welded Steel Pipe for Use With High-Pressure Transmission Systems
Standard Specification for Metal-Arc-Welded Steel Pipe for Use With High-Pressure Transmission Systems
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers straight seam, double-submerged-arc-welded steel pipe (Note 1) suitable for high-pressure service, 16 in. (406 mm) and larger in outside diameter, with wall thicknesses from 5/16 to 1 1/2 in. (7.9 to 38 mm). The pipe is intended for fabrication of fittings and accessories for compressor or pump-station piping. Pipe ordered to this specification shall be suitable for bending, flanging (vastoning), corrugating, and similar operations.
Note 1-A comprehensive listing of standardized pipe dimensions is contained in ANSI B36.10.
Note 2-The term "double welded" is commonly used in the gas and oil transmission industry, for which this pipe is primarily intended, to indicate welding with at least two weld passes, of which one is on the outside of the pipe and one on the inside. For some sizes of the pipe covered by this specification, it becomes expedient to use manual welding, in which case the provisions of Note 3 shall be followed.
1.2 Nine classes of pipe, based on minimum yield point requirements, are covered as indicated in Table 1.
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The metric equivalents of inch-pound units may be approximate.
1.4 The following hazard caveat applies to the test methods portion, Sections 9 and 10, only. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation: A 381 – 96 (Reapproved 2001)
Standard Specification for
Metal-Arc-Welded Steel Pipe for Use With High-Pressure
Transmission Systems
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A 381; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
TABLE 1 Tensile Requirements
1. Scope
Class Yield Strength, Tensile Strength, Elongation in 2 in.
1.1 This specification covers straight seam, double-
min, psi (MPa) min, psi (MPa) (50.8 mm),
submerged-arc-welded steel pipe (Note 1) suitable for high-
min, %
pressure service, 16 in. (406 mm) and larger in outside
Y 35 35 000 (240) 60 000 (415) 26
5 1
diameter, with wall thicknesses from ⁄16 to 1 ⁄2 in. (7.9 to 38
Y 42 42 000 (290) 60 000 (415) 25
Y 46 46 000 (316) 63 000 (435) 23
mm). The pipe is intended for fabrication of fittings and
Y 48 48 000 (330) 62 000 (430) 21
accessories for compressor or pump-station piping. Pipe or-
Y 50 50 000 (345) 64 000 (440) 21
dered to this specification shall be suitable for bending,
Y 52 52 000 (360) 66 000 (455) 20
Y 56 56 000 (385) 71 000 (490) 20
flanging (vastoning), corrugating, and similar operations.
Y 60 60 000 (415) 75 000 (515) 20
Y 65 65 000 (450) 77 000 (535) 20
NOTE 1—A comprehensive listing of standardized pipe dimensions is
contained in ANSI B36.10.
NOTE 2—The term “double welded” is commonly used in the gas and
oil transmission industry, for which this pipe is primarily intended, to
E 30 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Steel, Cast
indicate welding with at least two weld passes, of which one is on the
Iron, Open-Hearth Iron, and Wrought Iron
outside of the pipe and one on the inside. For some sizes of the pipe
coveredbythisspecification,itbecomesexpedienttousemanualwelding,
2.2 ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code:
in which case the provisions of Note 3 shall be followed.
Section VIII Pressure Vessels
Section IX Welding Qualifications
1.2 Nine classes of pipe, based on minimum yield point
2.3 ANSI Standard:
requirements, are covered as indicated in Table 1.
ANSI B36.10 Welded and Seamless Wrought Steel Pipe
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
as the standard. The metric equivalents of inch-pound units
3. Ordering Information
may be approximate.
3.1 Orders for material to this specification should include
1.4 The following hazard caveat applies to the test methods
the following, as required, to describe the desired material
portion, Sections 9 and 10, only. This standard does not
adequately:
purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated
3.1.1 Quantity (feet, centimetres, or number of lengths),
with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard
3.1.2 Name of material (metal-arc welded pipe),
to establish appropriate safety and health practices and
3.1.3 Class (Table 1),
determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to
3.1.4 Material (carbon or alloy steel, Section 5),
use.
3.1.5 Size (outside diameter and wall thickness),
2. Referenced Documents
3.1.6 Length (specific or random) (Section 13),
3.1.7 Ends (Section 14),
2.1 ASTM Standards:
3.1.8 Heat treatment (stress-relieved or normalized) (see
A 370 Test Methods and Definitions for MechanicalTesting
5.6),
of Steel Products
3.1.9 Optional requirements (see 5.2 (Note 3), Sections 11
A 530/A 530M Specification for General Requirements for
and 15),
Specialized Carbon and Alloy Steel Pipe
3.1.10 Specification number, and
3.1.11 Special requirements or exceptions to this specifica-
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel, tion.
Stainless Steel, and RelatedAlloys, and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
A01.09 on Carbon Steel Tubular Products.
Current edition approved Sept. 10, 1996. Published August 1997. Originally
published as A 381 – 54 T. Last previous edition A 381 – 93. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 03.05.
2 5
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 01.03. Available from American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 345 E. 47th St.,
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 01.01. New York, NY 10017.
Copyright. (C) ASTM International. 100 Barr Harbour Dr. P.O. box C-700 West Conshohocken, Pennsylvania 19428-2959, United States
A 381 – 96 (2001)
4. General Requirements 6.4 For referee purposes, Test Methods E 30 shall be used.
4.1 Material furnished to this specification shall conform to
7. Tensile Requirements
the applicable requirements of the current edition of Specifi-
cation A 530/A 530M, unless otherwise provided herein.
7.1 The tensile properties of transverse body-test specimens
taken from the finished pipe shall conform to the requirements
5. Materials and Manufacture
prescribed in Table 1. The tensile strength of the transverse
5.1 The steel plate used in the manufacture of the pipe shall
weld-test specimens shall conform to that specified in Table 1.
be of suitable welding quality carbon steel, or of suitable
7.2 Transverse body-test specimens shall be taken approxi-
welding quality high-strength, low-alloy steel, as agreed upon
mately opposite the weld; transverse weld-test specimens shall
between the manufacturer and purchaser.
be taken with the weld at the center of the specimen. For pipe
5.2 The longitudinal edges of the plate shall be shaped to
wall thicknesses up to ⁄4 in. (19 mm), incl, all transverse test
give the most satisfactory results by the particular welding
specimens shall be approximately 1 ⁄2-in. (38-mm) wide in the
process employed.The plate shall be properly formed and may
gage length and shall represent the full wall thickness of the
betackedpreparatorytowelding.Theweld(excepttackwelds)
pipe from which the specimen was cut (see Fig. 23, Test
shall be made preferably by the automatic submerged-arc-
Methods and Definitions A 370). For pipe with wall thick-
welding process (Note 3) and shall be of reasonably uniform
nesses over ⁄4 in. (19 mm), the standard 0.505-in. (12.83 mm)
width and height for the entire length of the pipe.
round tension test specimen with 2-in. (50.8 mm) gage length
NOTE 3—By agreement between the manufacturer and the purchaser,
shall be used (see Fig. 5, Test Methods and DefinitionsA 370).
manual welding by qualified welders using a qualified procedure may be
7.3 If the tension test specimen from any lot of pipe fails to
used as an equal alternate to this specification.
conform to the requirements for the particular grade of pipe
5.3 Both longitudinal and circumferential (if any) joints
ordered, the manufacturer may elect to make retests on two
shall be double welded, full penetration welds being made in
additional lengths of pipe from the same lot, each of which
accordance with procedures and by welders or welding opera-
shall conform to the requirements prescribed in Table 2. If one
tors qualified in accordance with the ASME Boiler and
or both of the retests fail to conform to the requirements, the
Pressure Vessel Code, Section IX.
manufacturer may elect to test each of the remaining lengths of
5.4 The contour of the reinforcement shall be smooth, with
pipe in the lot. Retests are required only for the particular test
no valley or groove along the edge or in the center of the weld,
with which the pipe specimen did not comply originally.
and the deposited metal shall be fused smoothly and uniformly
7.4 All test specimens which are flattened cold may be
into the plate surface. The finish of the welded joint shall be
reasonably smooth and free from irregularities, grooves, or reheat treated before machining.
depressions.
5.5 All pipe, after welding, shall be heat treated at a 8. Transverse Guided-Bend Tests Weld
temperature of 1100°F (593°C) or higher.
8.1 Transverse weld test specimens shall be subject to face
5.6 When specified in the purchase order, all pipe after
and root guided-bend tests. The specimens shall be approxi-
welding shall be heated at 1650 to 1750°F (899 to 954°C) and
mately 1 ⁄2 in. (38.1 mm) wide, at least 6 in. (152 mm) in
air cooled.
length with the weld at the center, and shall be machined in
accordance with Fig. 1. One specimen shall be bent with the
6. Chemical Composition
inside surface of the pipe against the plunger, and the other
6.1 The carbon steels shall conform to the requirements as
specimen with the outside surface against the plunger. The
to chemical composition specified in Table 2.
dimensions of the plunger for the bending jig shall be in
6.2 The high-strength low-alloy steels shall be of specified
accordance with Fig. 2 and the other dimensions shall be
chemical composition in order to ensure weldability and
substantially as shown in Fig. 2.
specified minimum tensile properties including elongation.
8.2 The bend test shall be acceptable if no cracks or other
6.3 Mill test reports, as provided by the manufacturer of the
defects exceeding ⁄8 in. (3.17 mm) in any direction are present
plate, shall be furnished representing the chemical analysis of
in the weld metal or between the weld and pipe metal after
each heat of steel from which the plates are rolled. This
bending. Cracks which originate along the edges of the
chemicalanalysisshallconformtotherequirementsof5.1,6.1,
specimen during testing, and that are less than ⁄4 in. (6.35
or 6.2.
mm), measured in any direction, shall not
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